当然不是。如果它们属于该类，则必须是静态的；如果它们属于该类的实例，则必须是静态的：
public class ImmutablePerson { private static final int MAX_LAST_NAME_LENGTH = 255; // belongs to the type private final String firstName; // belongs to the instance private final String lastName; // belongs to the instance public ImmutablePerson(String firstName, String lastName) { if (lastName.length() > MAX_LAST_NAME_LENGTH) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("last name too large"); } this.firstName = firstName; this.lastName = lastName; } // getters omitted for brevity}
