题文
Over the years, Americans have become used to salt．Most people have no idea how much salt they consume-on average, about 9 to 12 gram per person per day, according to the American Heart Association．That's twice the amount recommended by the government．A new study last week showed eating even a little less salt could greatly help the heart．The scientists said the results would be thirteen percent fewer heart attacks, eight percent fewer strokes（中风）, four percent fewer deaths and eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease．
Researchers also found that the benefits would be greatest for African Americans and women．As a group, African Americans tend to have higher blood pressure than the general population, and "many studies suggest that they may be more sensitive to salt," says Dr.Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, an epidemiologist（流行病学家）at the University of California, San Francisco．Her analysis found that a reduction of 3 gram of salt per day would reduce heart attacks 8% on average; among African Americans, that rate would drop 10%．A similar result was found in women, whose stroke risk dropped 8% with a 3-g reduction in salt intake; in men, the risk fell 5%．
They and public health professionals in the United States are interested in a national campaign to persuade people to eat less salt．
However, other scientists say such a campaign is an experiment with the health of millions of people．
Michael Alderman, a high blood pressure expert and professor at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, says that eating less salt results in lower blood pressure．But he says studies have not clearly shown that lowering salt means fewer heart attacks or strokes．
“Salt has other biological effects． Calling for reductions in the national diet could have good effects, as well as harmful results． There is not enough evidence either way,”said Michael Alderman．
小题1:Eating too much salt may lead to the following EXCEPT ．A．strokeB．heart diseaseC．high blood pressure D．lung cancer小题2:What can we learn from the passage?A．Most Americans take more salt than advised．B．African women eat more salt than Americans．C．One's origin determines how much salt he can eat．D．Good health is just on the basis of having less salt．小题3:The author's attitude toward the study is ．A．coldB．objectiveC．subjectiveD．doubtful小题4:What's the best title of the passage?A．The Benefits of Eating Less Salt．B．A New Study on Salt and Diseases．C．An Argument Over Salt and Health．D．The Harm Caused by Too Much Salt． 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析
本文论述了美国人的摄盐量的多少与健康之间的关系，作者在本文客观的叙述了两种不同的观点，一是摄盐量太多可能给人们的健康带来一些问题，引起中风及心脏病等，所以有些人就提倡少吃盐。而另一观点认为如果摄盐量控制的太低，人们容易得血压低，他们说研究并没有表明少吃盐能够降低心脏病和中风的机率。
小题1:细节理解题。根据The scientists said the results would be thirteen percent fewer heart attacks, eight percent fewer strokes（中风）, four percent fewer deaths and eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease．故选D。
小题2:细节理解题。根据That's twice the amount recommended by the government．大多数美国人的摄盐量多于政府建议的量, 故选A。
小题3:观点态度题。cold 冷谈的； objective客观的； subjective 主观的； doubtful怀疑的。根据全文的内容作者只是客观地介绍了美国人吃盐的相关信息，故选B。
小题4:标题归纳题。根据全文的内容本文主要介绍了盐与健康的关系的两种不同的观点，故选C。
点评：态度题是英语阅读中的一种重要题型，主要考查对文章中作者态度的辨别。作者态度大致分为两种：(1)支持或赞同;(2)中立或客观;(3)怀疑、批评或反对。题干中有attitude或think,believe，deem，consider，regard等词汇，选项中是一些表示态度的名词或形容词。可以反映作者观点的动词、形容词等。不要把自己的态度揉入其中，还要注意区分考查是作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度。当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者在文章中所运用的具有褒贬含义的语言去判断作者的态度，如，wonderfully, successfully, unfortunately, doubtfully 等。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Over the years, Amer.....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。健康环保类阅读
健康环保累阅读概念：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类文章阅读技巧：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：
第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；
第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；
第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。
从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing)：
阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization)：
阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
