原因，pip.exe文件包含了python的安装绝对路径，当运行pip时无法用python执行pip;
处理，因为pip无法打开，无法更新pip,重新安装python,注意对原安装库文件备份及替换。
jupyter也会出现类似问题，以前采用python3.6.0，重安装jupyter后，jupyter可以打开，但是出现以下问题：
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36librunpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36librunpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "C:UserslijilinAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36Scriptsjupyter-notebook.EXE__main__.py", line 4, in
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesnotebooknotebookapp.py", line 76, in
from .base.handlers import Template404, RedirectWithParams
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesnotebookbasehandlers.py", line 24, in
import prometheus_client
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesprometheus_client__init__.py", line 3, in
from . import (
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesprometheus_clientgc_collector.py", line 44, in
GC_COLLECTOR = GCCollector()
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesprometheus_clientgc_collector.py", line 15, in __init__
registry.register(self)
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesprometheus_clientregistry.py", line 40, in register
names = self._get_names(collector)
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesprometheus_clientregistry.py", line 80, in _get_names
for metric in desc_func():
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesprometheus_clientgc_collector.py", line 37, in collect
collected.add_metric([generation], value=stat['collected'])
File "c:userslijilinappdatalocalprogramspythonpython36libsite-packagesprometheus_clientmetrics_core.py", line 145, in add_metric
self.samples.append(Sample(self.name + '_total', dict(zip(self._labelnames, labels)), value, timestamp))
TypeError: __new__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'exemplar'
其原因是新装的jupyter版本和python3.6.0不兼容，网上说是应该新装python3.6.1，不想麻烦，自己找下原因。
根据故障提示，故障与site-packages下的库文件有关，用python3.6.0原安装的site-packages的库文件进行覆盖，即可。
