Mainline version(主要开发版本，其实就是还处于开发版) Stable version(当前最新稳定版) Legacy versions(旧的稳定版)
nginx官网下载地址：https://nginx.org/en/download.html
二、nignx安装（推荐源码安装） 1、yum安装1）配置下载源：
[root@s1 ~]# yum install epel-release -y # 下载epel依赖源 [root@s1 ~]# yum install -y nginx # 下载nginx [root@s1 ~]# rpm -ql nginx # 查看nginx的配置文件有哪些 [root@s1 ~]# which nginx # 查看nginx程序的路径 /usr/sbin/nginx
2）检查安装与查看帮助
# 查看nginx安装包信息 [root@s1 ~]# rpm -qi nginx # 使⽤安装完成的⼆进制⽂件nginx [root@s1 ~]# nginx -h
3）验证nginx配置是否正常，查看版本
[root@s1 ~]# nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful [root@s1 ~]# nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.16.1
4）启动脚本
[root@s1 ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service [Service] PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /run/nginx.pid ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx ExecReload=/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload
5）配置Nginx：
默认配置⽂件：/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，，默认配置如下：
[root@s1 ~]# grep -v "#" /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep -v "^$"
user nginx;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
http {
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
}
6）启动Nginx：
[root@s1 ~]# systemctl start nginx # 启动服务 [root@s1 ~]# systemctl status nginx # 查看启动状态是否成功
查看nginx进程：
[root@VM-4-16-centos ~]# ps -aux | grep nginx root 21665 0.0 0.0 39308 940 ? Ss 10:51 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx nginx 21666 0.0 0.1 41780 1940 ? S 10:51 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 21667 0.0 0.1 41780 1940 ? S 10:51 0:00 nginx: worker process root 22154 0.0 0.0 112812 976 pts/0 S+ 10:52 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
7）访问nginx
1）准备编译安装的环境
[root@s2 ~]# yum install -y vim lrzsz tree screen psmisc lsof tcpdump wget ntpdate gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel systemd-devel nettools iotop bc zip unzip zlib-devel bash-completion nfs-utils automake libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel perl perl-ExtUtils-Embed
- 准备源码包并解压安装
安装Nginx：
官⽅源码包下载地址： https://nginx.org/en/download.html
[root@s2 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ # 安装路径 [root@s2 src]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz [root@s2 src]# tar xf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz [root@s2 src]# cd nginx-1.16.1/
准备配置文件安装：
[root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# ./configure --prefix="/apps/nginx" --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module
3）编译安装并赋权操作
[root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# make #编译步骤，根据Makefile⽂件⽣成相应的模块 [root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# make install #创建⽬录，并将⽣成的模块和⽂件复制到相应的⽬录： [root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -u 2000 #以普通⽤⼾启动nginx [root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# chown nginx.nginx -R /apps/nginx/ # 添加目录权限
4）验证版本及编译参数
[root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -V
5） 创建Nginx⾃启动脚本–nginx.service：
[root@s1 ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service [Unit] Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid # Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong # SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline. # https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /run/nginx.pid ExecStartPre=/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -t ExecStart=/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID KillSignal=SIGQUIT TimeoutStopSec=5 KillMode=process PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
6）修改配置文件
vim /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 解开注释： pid /run/nginx.pid; 注意：(/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service和/apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf文件的PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid保持一致即可)
7）验证Nginx⾃启动脚本
[root@VM-4-16-centos nginx-1.22.0]# ln -s /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx # 添加nginx程序软链接 # 服务配置和启动 [root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# systemctl start nginx [root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# systemctl enable nginx Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service. [root@s2 nginx-1.16.1]# systemctl status nginx
8）访问编译安装的nginx web界⾯：
1、启动成功但有报错
报错： Can't open PID file /run/nginx.pid (yet?) after start-post: No such file or directory Jun 14 11:28:12 VM-4-16-centos systemd[1]: nginx.service start operation timed out. Terminating. Jun 14 11:28:12 VM-4-16-centos systemd[1]: Failed to start The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server.
原因：Nginx自身Bug问题，导致Nginx服务优化后出现“Can’t open PID file /var/run/nginx.pid (yet?) after start: No such…ctory”报错
解决方法： 以下两个服务文件和配置文件对PID的描述保持一致 /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf pid /run/nginx.pid;
