CentOS操作系统上LDAP客户端配置
iso:centos7.9
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配置DNS
vi /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 192.168.10.43
2、挂载光盘
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
3、配置YUM源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ mv CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Media.repo.bak mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak vi CentOS-local.repo [base-local] name=CentOS7.6 baseurl=file:///mnt enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPS-KEY-CentOS-7
4、更新yum源
yum clean all yum makecache
5、测试yum
yum list
6、安装ldap客户端相关软件
yum install -y openldap-clients yum install -y nscd yum install -y nss-pam-ldapd
7、关闭Selinux
vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled
8、关闭并禁用防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service systemctl disable firewalld.service systemctl status firewalld.service ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: inactive (dead) Docs: man:firewalld(1)
9、一般来说直接配置了下述命令就可以直接使用相应的openldap 认证:
[root@client ~]# authconfig --enableldap --enableldapauth --enablemkhomedir --enableforcelegacy --disablesssd --disablesssdauth --disableldaptls --enablelocauthorize --ldapserver=192.168.10.43 --ldapbasedn="ou=HPC(自己局域网内可以不写),dc=nju,dc=hpc" --enableshadow --update
10、检索LDAP服务器上的相关用户信息
[root@client ~]# ldapsearch -H ldap://192.168.10.43 -x -b "dc=nju,dc=hpc" || grep dn # extended LDIF # # LDAPv3 # basewith scope subtree # filter: (objectclass=*) # requesting: ALL # # nju.hpc dn: dc=nju,dc=hpc dc: nju objectClass: top objectClass: domain # admin, nju.hpc dn: cn=admin,dc=nju,dc=hpc objectClass: organizationalRole cn: admin description: LDAP Manager # Group, nju.hpc dn: ou=Group,dc=nju,dc=hpc ou: Group objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalUnit # ldapgroup, Group, nju.hpc dn: cn=ldapgroup,ou=Group,dc=nju,dc=hpc objectClass: posixGroup objectClass: top cn: ldapgroup gidNumber: 1001 memberUid: ldaptest03 # ldaptest02, Group, nju.hpc dn: uid=ldaptest02,ou=Group,dc=nju,dc=hpc objectClass: top objectClass: posixAccount objectClass: shadowAccount objectClass: person objectClass: inetOrgPerson sn: ldaptest02 cn: ldaptest02 uid: ldaptest02 uidNumber: 1002 gidNumber: 1002 homeDirectory: /home/ldaptest02 loginShell: /bin/bash userPassword:: cGFzc3dvcmQ= shadowMin: 0 shadowMax: 99999 shadowWarning: 365 # search result search: 2 result: 0 Success # numResponses: 6 # numEntries: 5
11、查看相关配置文件
/etc/nsswitch.conf 该文件主要用于名称转换服务,用于系统验证用户身份所读取本地文件或是远程验证服务器文件。
/etc/sysconfig/authconfig
主要用于提供身份验证之LDAP功能,该配置文件用来跟踪LDAP身份认证机制是否正确启用。
/etc/pam.d/system-auth 主要用于实现用户账户身份验证。
/etc/openldap/ldap.conf 主要用于查询OpenLDAP服务器所有条目信息。
(1)、查看配置文件 /etc/nslcd.conf
[root@client ~]# sed -e '/^#/d' /etc/nslcd.conf uid nslcd gid ldap uri ldap://192.168.10.43/ base dc=nju,dc=hpc ssl no tls_cacertdir /etc/openldap/cacerts
(2)、查看配置文件 /etc/openldap/ldap.conf
[root@client ~]# sed -e '/^#/d' /etc/openldap/ldap.conf TLS_CACERTDIR /etc/openldap/cacerts SASL_NOCANON on URI ldap://192.168.10.43/ BASE dc=nju,dc=hpc
(3)、查看配置文件 /etc/pam.d/system-auth
[root@client ~]# cat /etc/pam.d/system-auth #%PAM-1.0 # This file is auto-generated. # User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run. auth required pam_env.so auth required pam_faildelay.so delay=2000000 auth sufficient pam_unix.so nullok try_first_pass auth requisite pam_succeed_if.so uid >= 1000 quiet_success auth sufficient pam_ldap.so use_first_pass auth required pam_deny.so account required pam_unix.so broken_shadow account sufficient pam_localuser.so account sufficient pam_succeed_if.so uid < 1000 quiet account [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore] pam_ldap.so account required pam_permit.so password requisite pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass local_users_only retry=3 authtok_type= password sufficient pam_unix.so sha512 shadow nullok try_first_pass use_authtok password sufficient pam_ldap.so use_authtok password required pam_deny.so session optional pam_keyinit.so revoke session required pam_limits.so -session optional pam_systemd.so session optional pam_mkhomedir.so umask=0077 session [success=1 default=ignore] pam_succeed_if.so service in crond quiet use_uid session required pam_unix.so session optional pam_ldap.so
(4)、查看配置文件 /etc/nsswitch.conf
[root@client ~]# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf # # /etc/nsswitch.conf # # An example Name Service Switch config file. This file should be # sorted with the most-used services at the beginning. # # The entry '[NOTFOUND=return]' means that the search for an # entry should stop if the search in the previous entry turned # up nothing. Note that if the search failed due to some other reason # (like no NIS server responding) then the search continues with the # next entry. # # Valid entries include: # # nisplus Use NIS+ (NIS version 3) # nis Use NIS (NIS version 2), also called YP # dns Use DNS (Domain Name Service) # files Use the local files # db Use the local database (.db) files # compat Use NIS on compat mode # hesiod Use Hesiod for user lookups # sss Use sssd (System Security Services Daemon) # [NOTFOUND=return] Stop searching if not found so far # # WARNING: Running nscd with a secondary caching service like sssd may lead to # unexpected behaviour, especially with how long entries are cached. # To use db, put the "db" in front of "files" for entries you want to be # looked up first in the databases # # Example: #passwd: db files nisplus nis #shadow: db files nisplus nis #group: db files nisplus nis passwd: files ldap shadow: files ldap group: files ldap #initgroups: files sss #hosts: db files nisplus nis dns hosts: files dns myhostname # Example - obey only what nisplus tells us... #services: nisplus [NOTFOUND=return] files #networks: nisplus [NOTFOUND=return] files #protocols: nisplus [NOTFOUND=return] files #rpc: nisplus [NOTFOUND=return] files #ethers: nisplus [NOTFOUND=return] files #netmasks: nisplus [NOTFOUND=return] files bootparams: nisplus [NOTFOUND=return] files ethers: files netmasks: files networks: files protocols: files rpc: files services: files netgroup: files ldap publickey: nisplus automount: files ldap aliases: files nisplus
(5)、查看配置文件 /etc/sysconfig/authconfig
[root@client ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/authconfig CACHECREDENTIALS=yes FAILLOCKARGS="deny=4 unlock_time=1200" FORCELEGACY=yes FORCESMARTCARD=no IPADOMAINJOINED=no IPAV2NONTP=no PASSWDALGORITHM=sha512 USEDB=no USEECRYPTFS=no USEFAILLOCK=no USEFPRINTD=no USEHESIOD=no USEIPAV2=no USEKERBEROS=no USELDAP=yes USELDAPAUTH=yes USELOCAUTHORIZE=yes USEMKHOMEDIR=yes USENIS=no USEPAMACCESS=no USEPASSWDQC=no USEPWQUALITY=yes USESHADOW=yes USESMARTCARD=no USESSSD=no USESSSDAUTH=no USESYSNETAUTH=no USEWINBIND=no USEWINBINDAUTH=no WINBINDKRB5=no
12、重启服务
(1)、重启nslcd服务
systemctl restart nslcd
(2)、查看nslcd服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status nslcd ● nslcd.service - Naming services LDAP client daemon. Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nslcd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-12-28 15:05:07 CST; 1h 8min ago Docs: man:nslcd(8) man:nslcd.conf(5) Process: 1879 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nslcd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 1880 (nslcd) CGroup: /system.slice/nslcd.service └─1880 /usr/sbin/nslcd Dec 28 15:05:07 client systemd[1]: Starting Naming services LDAP client daemon.... Dec 28 15:05:07 client nslcd[1880]: version 0.8.13 starting Dec 28 15:05:07 client systemd[1]: Started Naming services LDAP client daemon.. Dec 28 15:05:07 client nslcd[1880]: accepting connections Dec 28 15:24:04 client nslcd[1880]: [7b23c6](re)loading /etc/nsswitch.conf
13、验证LDAP相关信息(添加用户后在验证)
(1)、获取ldap认证用户的相关信息
[root@client ~]# getent passwd ldaptest02:x:1002:1002:ldaptest02:/home/ldaptest02:/bin/bash



