1.准备工作(1):换源
(1)备份自己的源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.bak1
(2)使用编辑器打开源文件
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
(3)替换为国内镜像源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
(4)更新
# 更新镜像源 sudo apt-get update # 更新软件 sudo apt-get upgrade
准备工作(2):设置DNS:
(1)修改配置文件resolv.conf
sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf
(2)添加
nameserver 8.8.8.8
2.cuda配置
(1)检查是否安装了cuda
方法一:
cat /usr/local/cuda/version.txt
方法二:如果没安装,会显示找不到命令
nvcc –version
(2)查看N卡最高支持的cuda版本:
nvidia-smi
如下图所示,最高支持的cuda版本是11.4
(3)将cuda安装包下载到/home/dell/目录下
cuda下载地址:CUDA Toolkit Archive | NVIDIA Developer,选择runfile,如下图所示:
(4)下载好后,按照提示进行安装
sudo sh cuda_10.0.130_410.48_linux.run
安装完成后,显示如下:
(5)在~/.bashrc文件最后两行添加如下环境变量:
sudo vim ~/.bashrc
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.0/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.0/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
再进行更新
source ~/.bashrc
(6)检查是否安装成功
nvcc -V
若安装成功,则如下显示:
(7)参考链接:Ubuntu下安装CUDA_CC977的博客-CSDN博客_ubuntu安装cuda
3.cudnn安装配置
(1)下载地址:https://developer.nvidia.com/rdp/cudnn-archive
选择和cuda版本对应的cudnn:
(2)解压安装包:
tar -xvf cudnn-linux-x86_64-8.x.x.x_cudaX.Y-archive.tar.xz
(3)将cudnn拷贝至cuda toolkit路径下:用复制的方式进行安装
sudo cp cudnn-*-archive/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/include sudo cp -P cudnn-*-archive/lib/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64 sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*
(4)用如下命令查看是否安装成功:
cat /usr/local/cuda-10.0/include/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2
(5)参考链接:Ubuntu下安装CUDA_CC977的博客-CSDN博客_ubuntu安装cuda
4.nginx安装配置
(1)安装依赖包:
sudo apt-get install gcc sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev sudo apt-get install zlib1g zlib1g-dev sudo apt-get install openssl sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
(2)安装nginx
cd /usr/local mkdir nginx cd nginx wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz tar -xvf nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz
(3)编译nginx
# 进入nginx目录 /usr/local/nginx/nginx-1.13.7 # 执行命令 ./configure # 执行make命令 make # 执行make install命令 make install
(4)启动nginx
#进入nginx启动目录 cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin # 启动nginx ./nginx
安装完毕。
(5)也可以通过命令行安装
sudo apt-get install nginx
查看nginx是否安装成功
nginx -v
启动,重启,停止
service nginx start service nginx restart service nginx stop
nginx安装完成之后的文件位置:
/usr/sbin/nginx:主程序
/etc/nginx:存放配置文件
/usr/share/nginx:存放静态文件
/var/log/nginx:存放日志
(6)参考链接: http://t.csdn.cn/QnX1O
5.ffmpeg安装配置
(1)依赖的库安装
sudo apt-get install -y autoconf automake build-essential git libass-dev libfreetype6-dev libsdl2-dev libtheora-dev libtool libva-dev libvdpau-dev libvorbis-dev libxcb1-dev libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev pkg-config texinfo wget zlib1g-dev
sudo apt install libavformat-dev sudo apt install libavcodec-dev sudo apt install libswresample-dev sudo apt install libswscale-dev sudo apt install libavutil-dev sudo apt install libsdl1.2-dev
(2)下载ffmpeg源码包
git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git ffmpeg
./configure --enable-shared --prefix=/usr/local/ffmpeg --enable-gpl --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265
如果./configure显示 libx264找不到,则换成下面命令:
./configure --enable-static --disable-opencl
(3)编译
sudo make sudo make install
(4)增加安装目录的动态链接库(未操作)
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/ffmpeg/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
(5)查看指令依赖的动态(未操作)
ldd ffmpeg
(6)测试
ffmpeg –version
若出现下面所示,则表示安装成功
(7)参考链接: http://t.csdn.cn/QnX1O
6.opencv安装配置
(1)安装opencv依赖库
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
(2)下载源代码:
opencv向下兼容,所以下载最新版就可以,这里下载opencv-4.5.5
下载地址:Releases - OpenCV,选择下载sources
同时下载opencv_contrib,下载地址:https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib
下载完成后得到两个文件,解压后,将opencv_contrib-4.x文件夹放入opencv-4.5.5文件夹中
(3)安装opencv
进入opencv-4.5.5目录下:
cd /home/dell/opencv-4.5.5
创建build文件夹并进行编译
mkdir build cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local .. make -j7 # 同时使用七个线程 sudo make install
如果出现下图错误,改用下面代码重新cmake
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_TBB=ON -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF -D WITH_OPENMP=ON -D ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF ..
安装完毕
(4)遇到的问题及解决的方法:
(a)有未能满足的依赖关系。请尝试不指明软件包的名字来运行“apt --fix-broken install”:http://t.csdn.cn/dsQfk
(b)E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) :http://t.csdn.cn/5cKPc
(c)提示“无法修正错误,因为您要求某些软件包保持现状,就是它们破坏了软件包间的依赖关系“的解决方案:http://t.csdn.cn/qjaP4
(d)gedit的Unable to init server: 无法连接: 拒绝连接:http://t.csdn.cn/ZXoXn
(5)参考链接:http://t.csdn.cn/YtZF1
7.python3.8
$sudo apt-get update $sudo apt-get install python3.8
对命令的说明:
- 第一条命令用来指定更新 /etc/apt/sources.list 和 /etc/apt/sources.list.d 所列出的源地址,这样能够保证获得最新的安装包。
- 第二条命令用来指定安装 Python 3.8,这是目前最新的 Python 版本。
检查python是否安装成功:
python3 --version
安装pip
sudo apt install python3-pip
8.MySQL安装配置
(1)使用命令更新软件源
sudo apt-get update
(2)使用命令安装mysql
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
上述命令会安装以下:
apparmor
mysql-client-5.7
mysql-common
mysql-server
mysql-server-5.7
mysql-server-core-5.7
(3)如果出现依赖错误,



