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1. 能识别出被动语态
根据被动语态的基本结构:be + done(过去分词),确认分句有没有使用被动语态。看两个句子:
- You can deploy private images to ACI that are hosted by any container registry.
- The semantics of restarting a container on ACI are different to those when using a local Docker context for local development.
第一个句子中划线的分句,are后面出现了一个动词的过去分词hosted, 使用了被动语态。第二个句子中,are后面的different是形容词,不是过去分词,所以这个分句没有用被动语态。
小练
JA8.1
判断下列句子的分句是否使用了被动语态。
- If no name is specified, a name will be derived from the working directory.
- Periodically scanning your Docker image is possible by using the Snyk monitor capabilities for containers.
2. 能判断出被动语态的具体类型
在确认某个分句使用了被动之后,参考判断时态的步骤,判断它属于哪种时态的被动。
示范:
We recommend that you rebuild your Docker image regularly to prevent known vulnerabilities that have been addressed.
步骤:
1. 找出包含了“be + done(过去分词)”结构的分句。我们发现,只有第三个加粗的分句,包含了这个结构:
We recommend that you rebuild your Docker image regularly to prevent known vulnerabilities that have been addressed.
2. 观察该分句的“be + done(过去分词)”结构,对照每种时态的被动形式的基本结构,进行匹配,判断具体类型。
该分句中,have been addressed符合现在完成时被动形式的基本结构“have/has been + done”,所以是现在完成时的被动。
3. 重复步骤1-2,判断其他分句的时态。
这个句子没有其他包含被动基本结构的分句,判断过程结束。
小练
JA8.2
判断以下句子中所有分句是何种时态的被动。
- All containers in the same Compose application are started in the same container group.
- This has been referred to as the “builder pattern”.
- This includes the container’s filesystem so all state that is not stored in a volume will be lost on restart.



