C++【设计模式】 | 【05 单一职责】Bridge

• 一、Bridge
• • • 1、优点
    • 2、使用场景
    • 3、模板示例

使用对象间的组合关系解耦了抽象与其实现分离(子类化)，以便两者可以独立变化，使得它们具有两个变化的维度，乃至多个纬度的变化；桥接模式具有结构目的，适用于对象，因此它处理对象的组合。

• 要避免抽象与实现之间的永久绑定；
• 抽象及其实现都应该通过子类化来扩展；
• 抽象实现的变化不应该对客户端产生影响；
• 要对客户完全隐藏抽象的实现；

未优化

class Messager{
public:
    virtual void Login(string username, string password)=0;
    virtual void SendMessage(string message)=0;
    virtual void SendPicture(Image image)=0;

    virtual void PlaySound()=0;
    virtual void DrawShape()=0;
    virtual void WriteText()=0;
    virtual void Connect()=0;
    
    virtual ~Messager(){}
};


//平台实现

class PCMessagerBase : public Messager{
public:
    
    virtual void PlaySound(){
        //**********
    }
    virtual void DrawShape(){
        //**********
    }
    virtual void WriteText(){
        //**********
    }
    virtual void Connect(){
        //**********
    }
};

class MobileMessagerBase : public Messager{
public:
    
    virtual void PlaySound(){
        //==========
    }
    virtual void DrawShape(){
        //==========
    }
    virtual void WriteText(){
        //==========
    }
    virtual void Connect(){
        //==========
    }
};


//业务抽象
class PCMessagerLite : public PCMessagerBase {
public:
    
    virtual void Login(string username, string password){
        
        PCMessagerBase::Connect();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendMessage(string message){
        
        PCMessagerBase::WriteText();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendPicture(Image image){
        
        PCMessagerBase::DrawShape();
        //........
    }
};

class PCMessagerPerfect : public PCMessagerBase {
public:
    
    virtual void Login(string username, string password){
        
        PCMessagerBase::PlaySound();
        //********
        PCMessagerBase::Connect();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendMessage(string message){
        
        PCMessagerBase::PlaySound();
        //********
        PCMessagerBase::WriteText();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendPicture(Image image){
        
        PCMessagerBase::PlaySound();
        //********
        PCMessagerBase::DrawShape();
        //........
    }
};

class MobileMessagerLite : public MobileMessagerBase {
public:
    
    virtual void Login(string username, string password){
        
        MobileMessagerBase::Connect();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendMessage(string message){
        
        MobileMessagerBase::WriteText();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendPicture(Image image){
        
        MobileMessagerBase::DrawShape();
        //........
    }
};

class MobileMessagerPerfect : public MobileMessagerBase {
public:
    
    virtual void Login(string username, string password){
        
        MobileMessagerBase::PlaySound();
        //********
        MobileMessagerBase::Connect();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendMessage(string message){
        
        MobileMessagerBase::PlaySound();
        //********
        MobileMessagerBase::WriteText();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendPicture(Image image){
        
        MobileMessagerBase::PlaySound();
        //********
        MobileMessagerBase::DrawShape();
        //........
    }
};

void Process(){
        //编译时装配
        Messager *m =
            new MobileMessagerPerfect();
}

优化

class Messager{
protected:
     MessagerImp* messagerImp;//...
public:
    virtual void Login(string username, string password)=0;
    virtual void SendMessage(string message)=0;
    virtual void SendPicture(Image image)=0;
    
    virtual ~Messager(){}
};

class MessagerImp{
public:
    virtual void PlaySound()=0;
    virtual void DrawShape()=0;
    virtual void WriteText()=0;
    virtual void Connect()=0;
    
    virtual MessagerImp(){}
};


//平台实现
class PCMessagerImp : public MessagerImp{
public:
    
    virtual void PlaySound(){
        //**********
    }
    virtual void DrawShape(){
        //**********
    }
    virtual void WriteText(){
        //**********
    }
    virtual void Connect(){
        //**********
    }
};

class MobileMessagerImp : public MessagerImp{
public:
    
    virtual void PlaySound(){
        //==========
    }
    virtual void DrawShape(){
        //==========
    }
    virtual void WriteText(){
        //==========
    }
    virtual void Connect(){
        //==========
    }
};


//业务抽象
class MessagerLite :public Messager {

    
public:
    
    virtual void Login(string username, string password){
        
        messagerImp->Connect();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendMessage(string message){
        
        messagerImp->WriteText();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendPicture(Image image){
        
        messagerImp->DrawShape();
        //........
    }
};

class MessagerPerfect  :public Messager {
    
   
public:
    
    virtual void Login(string username, string password){
        
        messagerImp->PlaySound();
        //********
        messagerImp->Connect();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendMessage(string message){
        
        messagerImp->PlaySound();
        //********
        messagerImp->WriteText();
        //........
    }
    virtual void SendPicture(Image image){
        
        messagerImp->PlaySound();
        //********
        messagerImp->DrawShape();
        //........
    }
};

void Process(){
    //运行时装配
    MessagerImp* mImp=new PCMessagerImp();
    Messager *m =new Messager(mImp);
}