Linux下部署相应的开发环境

部署jdk8

1、下载相应的压缩包，下载网址www.oracle.com/technetwork…（本机地址：D:Environment）

使用连接工具（xftp7）将压缩包上传到相应的目录（/usr/local），直接拖拽即可

2、解压jkd压缩包  ：tar -zxvf jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz

3、查看是否解压成功：ls或者是ll

4、删除相应的压缩包（也可直接在连接工具中直接删除）：rm -rf jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz

    [root@localhost local]#tar -zxvf jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz
    [root@localhost local]# ls
    bin  etc  games  include  jdk1.8.0_291  jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz  lib  lib64  libexec  sbin  share  src
    
    [root@localhost local]# rm -rf jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz 
    [root@localhost local]# ls
    bin  etc  games  include  jdk1.8.0_291  lib  lib64  libexec  sbin  share  src

5、 编辑配置文件，配置环境变量：vi /etc/profile

    JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_291
    CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/
    PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
    export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH

[root@i-iw37bqcg local]# vi /etc/profile

# /etc/profile


#配置相应的环境变量

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_291  #根据自己的安装目录来来填写路径
CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH

 6、配置完环境变量一定要执行该命令使文件生效，发否则测试不成功：source /etc/profile   

7、测试是否部署成功 ：java -version

[root@i-iw37bqcg local]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_291"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_291-b10)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.291-b10, mixed mode)

部署maven

1、使用连接工具，将maven压缩包上传到Linux（直接拖到相应目录即可）

2、解压：tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.8.5-bin.tar.gz

[root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.8.5-bin.tar.gz 

apache-maven-3.8.5/README.txt

（解压文件内容......）

apache-maven-3.8.5/lib/jansi-2.4.0.jar 

3、配置maven环境变量，根据自己的安装路径配置：vim /etc/profile

[root@localhost bin]# vim /etc/profile

export M2_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.5
      
export PATH=${PATH}:${M2_HOME}/bin

4、使配置文件生效： source /etc/profile

5、测试是否成功 ：mvn -v

[root@localhost bin]# mvn -v       
Apache Maven 3.8.5 (3599d3414f046de2324203b78ddcf9b5e4388aa0)
Maven home: /usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.5

 部署Tomcat

1、Tomcat8.0下载链接

 注意：安装Tomcat之前需要在linux下部署jdk环境

查看是否安装jdk: java -version,如果显示jdk版本号，则证明已经安装，如果不显示，则证明没有安装

[root@i-lpmu0pww local]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_291"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_291-b10)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.291-b10, mixed mode)

 2、Xshell工具连接Linux系统服务器

 将下载好的apache-tomcat-8.5.78.tar.gz 使用xftp7移动到/usr/local 目录下

 3、在xhell中执行 tar -xvzf apache-tomcat-8.5.78.tar.gz

[root@i-lpmu0pww local]# tar -xvzf apache-tomcat-8.5.78.tar.gz 
apache-tomcat-8.5.78/conf/
apache-tomcat-8.5.78/conf/catalina.policy
apache-tomcat-8.5.78/conf/catalina.properties
apache-tomcat-8.5.78/conf/context.xml

4、解析完成后即可以启动Tomcat，检查是否安装成功

执行命令：cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.78/bin/

启动命令：./startup.sh 必须在bin目录下启动

[root@i-lpmu0pww bin]# ./startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.78
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.78
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.78/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_291
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.78/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.78/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   
Tomcat started.

 查看Tomcat日志：tail -f catalina.out

[root@localhost bin]# cd ..
[root@localhost apache-tomcat-8.5.78]# cd logs/
[root@localhost logs]# ls
catalina.2022-05-06.log  host-manager.2022-05-06.log  localhost_access_log.2022-05-06.txt
catalina.out             localhost.2022-05-06.log     manager.2022-05-06.log
[root@localhost logs]# tail -f catalina.out
06-May-2022 18:54:10.284 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.78/webapps/docs]
06-May-2022 18:54:10.307 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.78/webapps/docs] has finished in [22] ms

5、 出现上面的情况说明已经成功启动Tomcat服务器，已经完成到了百分之80，访问服务器http://10.193.10.28:8080能成功访问，那就不用配置防火墙，如果不能访问，现在开始我们来配置防火墙，开放8080端口！

6、配置防火墙，在Linux下面的防火墙里面开放8080端口

命令：vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

打开之后按键盘（i）进入编辑模式，写入开发8080端口，如图所示

7、重启防火墙命令：service iptables restart

8、然后再次在浏览器中输入http://10.193.10.28:8080，如果看到tomcat系统界面，说明安装成功

 

 

部署Mysql(tar.gz)版

检查是否已经安装，执行命令

rpm -qa | grep mysql

如果已经存在，则执行删除命令

rpm -e --nodeps 名字

查找是否有mysql相关的进程，执行命令

ps -ef|grep mysql | grep -v grep
ps -ef|grep mysqld | grep -v grep

如果有，则执行下面的命令将其杀死

kill -9 进程号

查找mysql相关的文件，执行命令

find  /  -name  mysql

如果有，将其删除或者重命名

1、将压缩包用远程连接工具上传到linux上，我上传到/opt/目录下

[root@i-f6rcqrxv opt]# ll
total 629816
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root       129 May 11 08:55 mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 644930593 May 10 18:04 mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2、修改文件名称：mv

[root@i-f6rcqrxv opt]# mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql-5.7.2

3、创建mysql用户组和mysql用户

[root@i-f6rcqrxv opt]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
mysql:x:1000:
[root@i-f6rcqrxv opt]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
mysql:x:997:1000::/home/mysql:/bin/bash

4、创建data，数据存放目录

[root@i-f6rcqrxv opt]# cd mysql-5.7.2
[root@i-f6rcqrxv mysql-5.7.2]# mkdir data

5、修改权限

[root@i-f6rcqrxv mysql-5.7.2]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql-5.7.2

6、创建配置文件

在/opt/mysql-5.7.17/support-files目录下创建my_default.cnf，创建命令

[root@i-f6rcqrxv mysql-5.7.2]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.2/support-files/
[root@i-f6rcqrxv support-files]# touch my_default.cnf

7、在my_default.cnf文件中复制以下内容

进入文件：[root@i-f6rcqrxv support-files]# vi my_default.cnf

[mysqld]
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
 
basedir = /opt/mysql-5.7.2
datadir = /opt/mysql-5.7.2/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
 
log-error = /opt/mysql-5.7.2/data/mysqld.log
pid-file = /opt/mysql-5.7.2/data/mysqld.pid

linux下shift+insert是粘贴，Ctrl+insert是复制

8、拷贝，如果提示是否覆盖，y

[root@i-f6rcqrxv support-files]# cp /opt/mysql-5.7.2/support-files/my_default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y

可能会遇到的问题：my_default.cnf’: No such file or directory

原因：要使用绝对路径才可以

绝对路径：路径的写法一定是由根目录 / 写起的，例如 /usr/local/mysql

9、初始化

[root@i-f6rcqrxv support-files]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.2
[root@i-f6rcqrxv mysql-5.7.2]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql-5.7.2/ --datadir=/opt/mysql-5.7.2/data/

10、初始密码

初始化之后到日志中去查看初始密码，等会登录用，可以用cat 命令查看

cat /opt/mysql-5.7.2/data/mysqld.log

[root@i-f6rcqrxv mysql-5.7.2]# cat /opt/mysql-5.7.2/data/mysqld.log 
2022-05-11T02:45:41.887827Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-05-11T02:45:41.887886Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2022-05-11T02:45:41.887890Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2022-05-11T02:45:42.860476Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-05-11T02:45:42.933965Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-05-11T02:45:42.993269Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 736ede3b-d0d4-11ec-9db3-5254a997db6d.
2022-05-11T02:45:42.994572Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-05-11T02:45:42.995065Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K+%>iHykZ2Q!  #初始的用户名和密码

K+%>iHykZ2Q! 是数据库密码，一会登录时使用

11、启动

把启动脚本放到开机初始化目录

[root@i-f6rcqrxv mysql-5.7.2]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

启动命令

[root@i-f6rcqrxv mysql-5.7.2]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

12、登录，刚刚日志中的密码

[root@i-f6rcqrxv mysql-5.7.2]# ./bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password:           #密码不会显示出来
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.24

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

每次都要这样来登录，有点麻烦，可以这样做

ln -s /opt/mysql-5.7.2/bin/mysql  /usr/bin

以后登录就可以直接用mysql命令登录了

mysql -uroot -p

mysql> 
mysql> ln -s /opt/mysql-5.7.2/bin/mysql  /usr/bin
    -> mysql -uroot -p
    -> 
    -> 

13、修改密码

 set password=password('1234');
 flush privileges;

mysql> set password=password('1234');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

14、设置远程连接

grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root';
flush privileges;

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

15、重启mysql才能生效。

service mysql stop
service mysql start
service mysql restart

mysql> service mysql stop
    -> service mysql start
    -> service mysql restart
    -> 

16、查看数据库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

注意事项

linux下安装mysql（.tar.gz压缩包方法）

1、本地访问Linux数据库失败，解决方法

查看服务器的防火墙mysql端口3306是否开放

查看防火墙是否已开放3306端口
firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp
 
设置3306端口为永久开放
firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
 
查看firewalld状态，发现当前是dead状态，即防火墙未开启
systemctl status firewalld
 
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
 
重启防火墙（设置了新的端口记得先关闭，再重启）
systemctl status firewalld