第三次作业

1. Java内存模型(Java Memory Model)的理解? 注意不是运行时数据区(Java Runtime Area)
   Java线程之间的通信由Java内存模型控制，JMM决定一个线程对共享变量的写入何时对另一个线程可见。从抽象的角度来看，JMM定义了线程和主内存之间的抽象关系：线程之间的共享变量存储在主内存（Main Memory）中，每个线程都有一个私有的本地内存（Local Memory），本地内存中存储了该线程以读/写共享变量的副本。本地内存是JMM的一个抽象概念，并不真实存在。它涵盖了缓存、写缓冲区、寄存器以及其他的硬件和编译器优化。
2. ConcurrentHashMap的put源码分析

// put方法直接调用了这个
final V putVal(K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) {
    if (key == null || value == null) throw new NullPointerException();
    int hash = spread(key.hashCode());
    int binCount = 0;
    for (Node[] tab = table;;) {
        Node f; int n, i, fh; K fk; V fv;
        if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
            
            tab = initTable();
        else if ((f = tabAt(tab, i = (n - 1) & hash)) == null) {
            
            if (casTabAt(tab, i, null, new Node(hash, key, value)))
                break;                   // no lock when adding to empty bin
        }
        else if ((fh = f.hash) == MOVED)
           
            tab = helpTransfer(tab, f);
        else if (onlyIfAbsent // check first node without acquiring lock
                 && fh == hash
                 && ((fk = f.key) == key || (fk != null && key.equals(fk)))
                 && (fv = f.val) != null)
            return fv;
        else {
            V oldVal = null;
            synchronized (f) {
                if (tabAt(tab, i) == f) {
                    if (fh >= 0) {
                        binCount = 1;
                        for (Node e = f;; ++binCount) {
                            K ek;
                            if (e.hash == hash &&
                                ((ek = e.key) == key ||
                                 (ek != null && key.equals(ek)))) {
                                oldVal = e.val;
                                if (!onlyIfAbsent)
                                    e.val = value;
                                break;
                            }
                            Node pred = e;
                            if ((e = e.next) == null) {
                                pred.next = new Node(hash, key, value);
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else if (f instanceof TreeBin) {
                        Node p;
                        binCount = 2;
                        if ((p = ((TreeBin)f).putTreeVal(hash, key,
                                                              value)) != null) {
                            oldVal = p.val;
                            if (!onlyIfAbsent)
                                p.val = value;
                        }
                    }
                    else if (f instanceof ReservationNode)
                        throw new IllegalStateException("Recursive update");
                }
            }
            if (binCount != 0) {
                if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD)
                    treeifyBin(tab, i);
                if (oldVal != null)
                    return oldVal;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    addCount(1L, binCount);
    return null;
}