RabbitMQ学习文档（入门篇（Demo使用SpringBoot编写））

目录

• • 一、依赖
  • 二、代码编写
  • • 1、Hello World!（简单队列）
    • • 1.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码
      • 1.2、生产者代码
      • 1.3、消费者代码
    • 2、Work queues（工作队列 / 任务队列）
    • • 2.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码
      • 2.2、生产者代码
      • 2.3、消费者代码
    • 3、Work queues（工作队列 / 任务队列）
    • • 3.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码
      • 3.2、生产者代码
      • 3.3、消费者代码
    • 4、Publish/Subscribe（发布订阅模式）
    • • 4.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码
      • 4.2、生产者代码
      • 4.3、消费者代码
    • 5、Routing（路由模式）
    • • 5.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码
      • 5.2、生产者代码
      • 5.3、消费者代码

说明：

以下Demo案例对应RabbitMQ学习文档（入门篇（Demo使用Spring编写））中的Demo代码

一、依赖

    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter



    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-amqp



    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-web

二、代码编写 1、Hello World!（简单队列） 1.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig1 {
    // 队列名称
    public static final String COMMON_QUEUE_NAME = "common_queue1";

    @Bean
    public Queue commonQueue1() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable(COMMON_QUEUE_NAME).build();
    }

}

1.2、生产者代码

@RestController
public class Provider1 {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/sendMsg1")
    public String sendMsg() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("", RabbitMQConfig1.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME, "测试消息");
        return "发送成功";
    }
}

1.3、消费者代码

@Component
public class Consumer1 {

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig1.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME})
    public void receiveMsg(Message message, Channel channel) {
        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("消息内容：" + msg);
    }
}

2、Work queues（工作队列 / 任务队列） 2.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig2 {
    // 队列名称
    public static final String COMMON_QUEUE_NAME = "common_queue2";

    @Bean
    public Queue commonQueue2() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable(COMMON_QUEUE_NAME).build();
    }

}

2.2、生产者代码

@RestController
public class Provider2 {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/sendMsg2")
    public String sendMsg() {
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("", RabbitMQConfig2.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME, "测试消息" + i);
        }
        return "发送成功";
    }
}

2.3、消费者代码

@Component
public class Consumer2 {

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig2.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME})
    public void receiveMsg1(Message message, Channel channel) {
        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("消费者1，接收到的消息内容：" + msg);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig2.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME})
    public void receiveMsg2(Message message, Channel channel) {
        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("消费者2，接收到的消息内容：" + msg);
    }

}

3、Work queues（工作队列 / 任务队列） 3.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig3 {

    // 普通交换机
    public static final String COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME = "common_exchange3";

    // 普通队列
    public static final String COMMON_QUEUE_NAME = "common_queue3";

    @Bean
    public Exchange commonExchange3() {
        return ExchangeBuilder.fanoutExchange(COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue commonQueue3() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable(COMMON_QUEUE_NAME).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding commonBinding3(@Qualifier("commonQueue3") Queue commonQueue, @Qualifier("commonExchange3") Exchange commonExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(commonQueue).to(commonExchange).with("").noargs();
    }

}

3.2、生产者代码

@RestController
public class Provider3 {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/sendMsg3")
    public String sendMsg() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig3.COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME, "", "测试消息");
        return "发送成功";
    }
}

3.3、消费者代码

@Component
public class Consumer3 {

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig3.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME})
    public void receiveMsg(Message message, Channel channel) {
        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("消息内容：" + msg);
    }

}

4、Publish/Subscribe（发布订阅模式） 4.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig4 {

    // 普通交换机
    public static final String COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME = "common_exchange4";

    // 普通队列1
    public static final String COMMON_QUEUE_NAME41 = "common_queue41";

    // 普通队列2
    public static final String COMMON_QUEUE_NAME42 = "common_queue42";

    // 普通队列路由1
    public static final String COMMON_ROUTING_NAME41 = "COMMON_routing41";

    // 普通队列路由2
    public static final String COMMON_ROUTING_NAME42 = "COMMON_routing42";

    // 普通队列路由3
    public static final String COMMON_ROUTING_NAME43 = "common_queue43";

    @Bean
    public Exchange commonExchange4() {
        return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange(COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue commonQueue41() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable(COMMON_QUEUE_NAME41).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue commonQueue42() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable(COMMON_QUEUE_NAME42).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding commonBinding41(@Qualifier("commonQueue41") Queue commonQueue, @Qualifier("commonExchange4") Exchange commonExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(commonQueue).to(commonExchange).with(COMMON_ROUTING_NAME41).noargs();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding commonBinding42(@Qualifier("commonQueue41") Queue commonQueue, @Qualifier("commonExchange4") Exchange commonExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(commonQueue).to(commonExchange).with(COMMON_ROUTING_NAME42).noargs();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding commonBinding43(@Qualifier("commonQueue42") Queue commonQueue, @Qualifier("commonExchange4") Exchange commonExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(commonQueue).to(commonExchange).with(COMMON_ROUTING_NAME43).noargs();
    }

}

4.2、生产者代码

@RestController
public class Provider4 {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/sendMsg4")
    public String sendMsg() {

        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig4.COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitMQConfig4.COMMON_ROUTING_NAME41, "测试消息，使用路由1");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig4.COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitMQConfig4.COMMON_ROUTING_NAME42, "测试消息，使用路由2");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig4.COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitMQConfig4.COMMON_ROUTING_NAME43, "测试消息，使用路由3");

        return "发送成功";
    }
}

4.3、消费者代码

@Component
public class Consumer4 {

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig4.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME41})
    public void receiveMsg1(Message message, Channel channel) {
        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("消费者1接收到的消息内容：" + msg);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig4.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME42})
    public void receiveMsg2(Message message, Channel channel) {
        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("消费者2接收到的消息内容：" + msg);
    }

}

5、Routing（路由模式） 5.1、RabbitMQ配置类代码

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig5 {

    // 普通交换机
    public static final String COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME = "common_exchange5";

    // 普通队列1
    public static final String COMMON_QUEUE_NAME51 = "common_queue51";

    // 普通队列2
    public static final String COMMON_QUEUE_NAME52 = "common_queue52";

    // 普通队列路由1
    public static final String COMMON_ROUTING_NAME51 = "common.routing.51";

    // 普通队列路由2
    public static final String COMMON_ROUTING_NAME52 = "common.routing.52";

    // 普通队列路由3
    public static final String COMMON_ROUTING_NAME53 = "common.routing.53";

    // 话题1
    public static final String COMMON_TOPIC1 = "common.*.*";

    // 话题2
    public static final String COMMON_TOPIC2 = "*.*.51";

    @Bean
    public Exchange commonExchange5() {
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue commonQueue51() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable(COMMON_QUEUE_NAME51).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue commonQueue52() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable(COMMON_QUEUE_NAME52).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding commonBinding51(@Qualifier("commonQueue51") Queue commonQueue, @Qualifier("commonExchange5") Exchange commonExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(commonQueue).to(commonExchange).with(COMMON_TOPIC1).noargs();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding commonBinding52(@Qualifier("commonQueue51") Queue commonQueue, @Qualifier("commonExchange5") Exchange commonExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(commonQueue).to(commonExchange).with(COMMON_TOPIC2).noargs();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding commonBinding53(@Qualifier("commonQueue52") Queue commonQueue, @Qualifier("commonExchange5") Exchange commonExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(commonQueue).to(commonExchange).with(COMMON_TOPIC2).noargs();
    }

}

5.2、生产者代码

@RestController
public class Provider5 {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/sendMsg5")
    public String sendMsg() {

        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig5.COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitMQConfig5.COMMON_ROUTING_NAME51, "测试消息，使用路由1");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig5.COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitMQConfig5.COMMON_ROUTING_NAME52, "测试消息，使用路由2");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig5.COMMON_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitMQConfig5.COMMON_ROUTING_NAME53, "测试消息，使用路由3");

        return "发送成功";
    }
}

5.3、消费者代码

@Component
public class Consumer5 {

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig5.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME51})
    public void receiveMsg1(Message message, Channel channel) {
        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("消费者1接收到的消息内容：" + msg);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig5.COMMON_QUEUE_NAME52})
    public void receiveMsg2(Message message, Channel channel) {
        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("消费者2接收到的消息内容：" + msg);
    }

}