- 第一章：系统基本信息
- 第二章：安装 ORACLE 11g
- 2.1 安装前的准备工作
- 2.2 开始安装 ORACLE
- 2.3 Netca 配置监听
- 2.4 dbca 静默建库
- 2.5 启动 ORACLE
- 第三章：异常处理
- 1. yum 报错：Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
- 2. Oracle 安装报错 ins_ctx.mk
- 3. Oracle 安装报错 agent nmhs
时间：2022-4-27
作者：高玉涵
博客：blog.csdn.net/cg_i
- uname -a
Linux vmdata 3.10.0-1160.62.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Apr 5 16:57:59 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
- yum grouplist
[gao@localhost ~]$ yum grouplist There is no installed groups file. Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum) Available Environment Groups: Minimal Install Compute Node Infrastructure Server File and Print Server Basic Web Server Virtualization Host Server with GUI GNOME Desktop KDE Plasma Workspaces Development and Creative Workstation Available Groups: Compatibility Libraries Console Internet Tools Development Tools Graphical Administration Tools Legacy UNIX Compatibility Scientific Support Security Tools Smart Card Support System Administration Tools System Management Done
- java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_262" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_262-b10) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.262-b10, mixed mode)
- rpm -qa|grep ‘java*’
javapackages-tools-3.4.1-11.el7.noarch java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.262.b10-1.el7.x86_64 dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch tzdata-java-2020a-1.el7.noarch java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless-1.7.0.261-2.6.22.2.el7_8.x86_64 dejavu-sans-mono-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch dejavu-serif-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.262.b10-1.el7.x86_64 python-javapackages-3.4.1-11.el7.noarch java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.261-2.6.22.2.el7_8.x86_64
- gcc -v
Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-redhat-linux Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux Thread model: posix gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
- echo $BASH_VERSION
4.2.46(2)-release第二章：安装 ORACLE 11g
为了方便以下操作均在 root 用户下进行。
2.1 安装前的准备工作- 关闭系统的防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld systemctl status firewalld systemctl disable firewalld.service
- 关闭 SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled
- 修改主机名称
hostnamectl set-hostname vmdata # 会影响命令提示符中的主机名 vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 vmdata
- 修改 OS 系统标识
oracle 默认不支持 CentOS 系统安装，需要修改系统标识。
vi /etc/redhat-release redhat-7
- YUM 更新系统
yum update
- 系统内核配置更改
配合 ORACLE 和 TUXEDO 应用部署而进行的内核参数调整。修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 后，执行 sysctl -p使设置立即生效。
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 #最大共享内存的段大小 kernel.shmall = 2097152 #共享内存的总量, 8G:2097152*4k/1024/1024 kernel.shmmni = 4096 #整个系统共享内存端的最大数 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 #可使用的IPV4端口范围 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 # 最大打开文件数
- 创建组
| 用户组 | ID | 说明 | 备主 |
|---|---|---|---|
| oinstall | 500 | oracle使用 | |
| dba | 501 | oracle使用 |
groupadd -g 500 oinstall groupadd -g 501 dba
- 创建用户
| 用户 | ID | 属组 | 附属组 | SHELL | 目录 | 说明 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| oracle | 500 | oinstall | dba | bash | /home/oracle | oracle使用 |
useradd -u 500 -d /home/oracle -s /usr/bin/bash -g oinstall -G dba oracle
- 修改 oracle 用户密码
passwd oracle
- 安装依赖包
yum install binutils-2.* compat-libstdc++-33* elfutils-libelf-0.* elfutils-libelf-devel-* gcc-4.* gcc-c++-4.* glibc-2.* glibc-common-2.* glibc-devel-2.* glibc-headers-2.* ksh-2* libaio-0.* libaio-devel-0.* libgcc-4.* libstdc++-4.* libstdc++-devel-4.* make-3.* sysstat-7.* unixODBC-2.* unixODBC-devel-2.* pdksh*
- 上传 oracle 安装包并展开
将 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip、linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip 上传到 oracle 用户目录下。
cd /home/oracle chown oracle:oinstall linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2* unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
- 配置 ORACLE 用户环境
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
ORACLE_BASE=$HOME/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$HOME/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/
ORACLE_SID=orac
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PAT
2.2 开始安装 ORACLE
切换到 oracle 用户下，执行 database/runInstaller。
Oracle 用户下输入 netca根据提示逐步操作即可。
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start BANKSER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
lsnrctl start（启动监听）
$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 28-APR-2022 19:06:44 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1//bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vmdata/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vmdata)(PORT=1521))) Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 28-APR-2022 19:06:44 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vmdata/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vmdata)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully2.4 dbca 静默建库
$ vi dbca.rsp GDBNAME="orac.oracle" SID="orac" SYSPASSWORD = "xxxxxx" SYSTEMPASSWORD = "xxxxxx" CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8" NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8" # 执行： $dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp Copying database files 1% complete 3% complete 11% complete 18% complete 37% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 40% complete 45% complete 50% complete 55% complete 56% complete 60% complete 62% complete Completing Database Creation 66% complete 70% complete 73% complete 85% complete 96% complete 100% complete Look at the log file "/home/oracle/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/bankser/bankser.log" for further details.2.5 启动 ORACLE
SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1586708480 bytes Fixed Size 2213736 bytes Variable Size 922749080 bytes Database Buffers 654311424 bytes Redo Buffers 7434240 bytes Database mounted. Database opened.第三章：异常处理 1. yum 报错：Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
网上的解释是 fastestmirror 是 yum 的一个加速插件，这里是插件提示信息是插件不能用了，禁用掉，如下：
- 修改插件的配置文件
vi /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/fastestmirror.conf
enabled = 1 # 由 1 改为 0，禁用该插件
- 修改 yum 的配置文件
vi /etc/yum.conf
plugins = 1 # 改为 0，不使用插件
- 清除缓存并重新构建 yum 源
yum clean all yum clean dbcache yum makecache
成功。
2. Oracle 安装报错 ins_ctx.mk
先查看 /usr/lib64/libc.a是否存在：
ls /usr/lib64 | grep libc.a
如果找不到先安装：glibc-static如果有则略过此步：
yum -y install glibc-static
修改 oracle 安装目录下 $ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk将
ctxhx: $(CTXHXOBJ)
$(LINK_CTXHX) $(CTXHXOBJ) $(INSO_LINK)
修改为：
ctxhx: $(CTXHXOBJ)
-static $(LINK_CTXHX) $(CTXHXOBJ) $(INSO_LINK) /usr/lib64/libc.a
然后点击retry通过。
3. Oracle 安装报错 agent nmhs修改 $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk将 $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)修改为 $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11然后点击 retry 通过。
