SpringBoot提供接口实现Excel导入数据并存储到数据库中

完整项目文件

zxy.xlsx

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
  `phone` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系方式',
  `address` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系地址',
  `birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '出生日期',
  `des` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '自我描述',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

根据excel数据需求，设计数据库表结构，并开发实体类代码

public class User implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private String phone;

    private String address;

    private Date birthday;

    private String des;

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public User(Integer id, String name, String phone, String address, Date birthday, String des) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.phone = phone;
        this.address = address;
        this.birthday = birthday;
        this.des = des;
    }

    public User() {
        super();
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name == null ? null : name.trim();
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone == null ? null : phone.trim();
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address == null ? null : address.trim();
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getDes() {
        return des;
    }

    public void setDes(String des) {
        this.des = des == null ? null : des.trim();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object that) {
        if (this == that) {
            return true;
        }
        if (that == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (getClass() != that.getClass()) {
            return false;
        }
        User other = (User) that;
        return (this.getId() == null ? other.getId() == null : this.getId().equals(other.getId()))
            && (this.getName() == null ? other.getName() == null : this.getName().equals(other.getName()))
            && (this.getPhone() == null ? other.getPhone() == null : this.getPhone().equals(other.getPhone()))
            && (this.getAddress() == null ? other.getAddress() == null : this.getAddress().equals(other.getAddress()))
            && (this.getBirthday() == null ? other.getBirthday() == null : this.getBirthday().equals(other.getBirthday()))
            && (this.getDes() == null ? other.getDes() == null : this.getDes().equals(other.getDes()));
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((getId() == null) ? 0 : getId().hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((getName() == null) ? 0 : getName().hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((getPhone() == null) ? 0 : getPhone().hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((getAddress() == null) ? 0 : getAddress().hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((getBirthday() == null) ? 0 : getBirthday().hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((getDes() == null) ? 0 : getDes().hashCode());
        return result;
    }
}

首先看controller层，这里是为外部提供一个访问接口，通过/excel/import路径访问。因为使用的POST请求方式，所以在请求的时候需要将file文件一同传入。然后获取file文件的文件名，用于后续判断他是不是一个excel文件。继续就是哟个了Service的batchImport方法进行业务逻辑处理。

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/excel/")
public class TestController {

    @Autowired
    private ImportExcelService importExcelService;

    @PostMapping("/import")
    public boolean addUser(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
        boolean a = false;
        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        try {
             a = importExcelService.batchImport(fileName, file);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return  a;
    }

}

在Service层，首先设计一个interface接口，然后定义一个方法

public interface ImportExcelService {

    boolean batchImport(String fileName, MultipartFile file) throws Exception;
    
}

ImportExcelServiceImpl 主要是对整个需求的逻辑进行开发，从controller处获得文件名称和文件。那么拿到这些信息后，我们首先要判断，这是不是一个excel文件，按照excel的扩展名来说有xls和xlsx两种，要使用不同的函数处理。其次，一个excel是可以有很多的sheet页的，需要使用getSheetAt获取你需要的sheet页或者依次获得sheet页。最后就是获取每个sheet页中的行数据和单元格ceil数据。使用mapper层定义的三个方法，使用selectByName()方法判断对应的姓名是否存在，存在即更新，不存在即删除。

@Service
@Transactional(readOnly = true)
public class ImportExcelServiceImpl implements ImportExcelService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    
    @Transactional(readOnly = false,rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    @Override
    public boolean batchImport(String fileName, MultipartFile file) throws Exception {

        boolean notNull = false;
        List userList = new ArrayList();
        if (!fileName.matches("^.+\.(?i)(xls)$") && !fileName.matches("^.+\.(?i)(xlsx)$")) {
            throw new MyException("上传文件格式不正确");
        }
        boolean isExcel2003 = true;
        if (fileName.matches("^.+\.(?i)(xlsx)$")) {
            isExcel2003 = false;
        }
        InputStream is = file.getInputStream();
        Workbook wb = null;
        
        if (isExcel2003) {
            wb = new HSSFWorkbook(is);
        } else {
            wb = new XSSFWorkbook(is);
        }
        // 获取excel的第一个sheet页
        Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
        if(sheet!=null){
            notNull = true;
        }
        User user;
        // 循环行数
        for (int r = 1; r <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); r++) {
            // 获取sheet的第r行的数据
            Row row = sheet.getRow(r);
            if (row == null){
                continue;
            }

            user = new User();

            
            if( row.getCell(0).getCellType() !=1){
                throw new MyException("导入失败(第"+(r+1)+"行,姓名请设为文本格式)");
            }
            String name = row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue();

            if(name == null || name.isEmpty()){
                throw new MyException("导入失败(第"+(r+1)+"行,姓名未填写)");
            }

            row.getCell(1).setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
            String phone = row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue();
            if(phone==null || phone.isEmpty()){
                throw new MyException("导入失败(第"+(r+1)+"行,电话未填写)");
            }
            String add = row.getCell(2).getStringCellValue();
            if(add==null){
                throw new MyException("导入失败(第"+(r+1)+"行,不存在此单位或单位未填写)");
            }

            Date date;
            if(row.getCell(3).getCellType() !=0){
                throw new MyException("导入失败(第"+(r+1)+"行,入职日期格式不正确或未填写)");
            }else{
                date = row.getCell(3).getDateCellValue();
            }

            String des = row.getCell(4).getStringCellValue();

            user.setName(name);
            user.setPhone(phone);
            user.setAddress(add);
            user.setBirthday(date);
            user.setDes(des);

            userList.add(user);
        }
        for (User userResord : userList) {
            //首先判断该姓名是否已经存在
            String name = userResord.getName();
            int cnt = userMapper.selectByName(name);
            if (cnt == 0) {
                //不存在即插入
                userMapper.addUser(userResord);
                System.out.println(" 插入 "+userResord);
            } else {
                //存在即更新
                userMapper.updateUserByName(userResord);
                System.out.println(" 更新 "+userResord);
            }
        }
        return notNull;
    }
}

定义三个函数，用于判断用户是否存在，进行更新和插入

@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    // 当查到数据库中没有对应姓名记录时，插入
    void addUser(User sysUser);
    // 当数据库中有对应姓名记录时，更新
    int updateUserByName(User sysUser);
    // 判断是都存在对应的姓名记录
    int selectByName(String name);
}

根据mapper定义的函数，在UserMapper.xml文件中写SQL

  
    
      
      
      
      
      
      
    
  

  
    insert into user
    (name,phone,address,birthday,des)
    values
    (
    #{name},
    #{phone},
    #{address},
    #{birthday},
    #{des}
    )
  

  
    update user
    set
    phone=#{phone},
    address=#{address},
    birthday=#{birthday},
    des=#{des}
    where name = #{name}
  

  
    SELECT
    count(*)
    FROM user
    WHERe name=#{name}