一篇学会 Pulsar 部署与线上配置

一、Pulsar安装与部署

1.下载安装包

Pulsar安装包包含了zookeeper、broker、bookie三个组件。

下载Pulsar二进制包

https://pulsar.apache.org/download/

解压压缩包

tar -zvxf apache-pulsar-2.9.1-bin.tar.gz

2.部署zookeeper

2.1 修改zookeeper配置

创建目录

mkdir -p data/zookeeper

echo 1 > data/zookeeper/myid

修改zk配置，文件位于conf/zookeeper.conf

# 数据目录
dataDir=data/zookeeper
# 日志目录
dataLogDir=data/zookeeper/logs
# zk集群配置，server.1~n
server.1=127.0.0.1:2888:3888

2.2 后台启动zookeeper

bin/pulsar-daemon start zookeeper
doing start zookeeper ...
starting zookeeper, logging to /Users/admin/work/software_install/apache-pulsar-2.9.1/logs/pulsar-zookeeper-M-C02GL1NTQ05P.log
Note: Set immediateFlush to true in conf/log4j2.yaml will guarantee the logging event is flushing to disk immediately. The default behavior is switched off due to performance considerations.

通过pulsar-daemon管理pulsar组件

bin/pulsar-daemon help
Error: no enough arguments provided.
Usage: pulsar-daemon (start|stop|restart)  
where command is one of:
    broker              Run a broker server
    bookie              Run a bookie server
    zookeeper           Run a zookeeper server
    configuration-store Run a configuration-store server
    websocket           Run a websocket proxy server
    functions-worker    Run a functions worker server
    standalone          Run a standalone Pulsar service
    proxy               Run a Proxy Pulsar service

备注：可以通过pulsar-daemon命令对broker、bookie、zookeeper等组件启动、关闭或者重启。

2.3 检查zookeeper是否启动成功

zookeeper启动日志和查看zookeeper进程

ps axu | grep zookeeper

3.元数据初始化

3.1 初始化命令说明

bin/pulsar initialize-cluster-metadata 
--cluster pulsar-cluster-1 
--zookeeper 127.0.0.1:2181 
--configuration-store 127.0.0.1:2181 
--web-service-url http://127.0.0.1:8080 
--web-service-url-tls https://127.0.0.1:8443   
--broker-service-url pulsar://127.0.0.1:6650 
--broker-service-url-tls pulsar+ssl://127.0.0.1:6651

参数说明

参数说明

参数	说明
cluster	默认集群名称
zookeeper	本地集群使用的zk地址
configuration-store	多个集群全局的zk集群地址，各个集群之间同步数据，单机群地址同上面参数zookeeper即可
web-service-url	Broker的管理流地址，例如创建删除主题等
web-service-url-tls	Broker开启TLS，管理流则使用该地址
broker-service-url	Broker数据流地址，发送接受消息等
broker-service-url-tls	Broker开启TLS，数据流则使用该地址

备注：生产环境可以使用域名。

3.2 查看初始化结果

bin/pulsar zookeeper-shell

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /
[admin, bookies, ledgers, pulsar, stream, zookeeper]

4.部署BookKeeper集群

4.1 配置修改

bindAddress=127.0.0.1
advertisedAddress=127.0.0.1
zkServers=127.0.0.1:2181

参数说明

参数	说明
bindAddress	服务监听的地址，默认 0.0.0.0
advertisedAddress	服务向外发布的主机名或者IP，默认为IntetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName
zkServers	zk集群地址，可与broker共用

4.2 命令启动

bin/pulsar-daemon start bookie
doing start bookie ...
starting bookie, logging to /Users/admin/work/software_install/apache-pulsar-2.9.1/logs/pulsar-bookie-M-C02GL1NTQ05P.log
Note: Set immediateFlush to true in conf/log4j2.yaml will guarantee the logging event is flushing to disk immediately. The default behavior is switched off due to performance considerations.

4.3 测试bookie集群

bin/bookkeeper shell simpletest --ensemble 1 --writeQuorum 1 --ackQuorum 1 -- numEntries 1000

...
2022-02-19T23:43:03,391+0800 [main] INFO  org.apache.bookkeeper.tools.cli.commands.client.SimpleTestCommand - 722 entries written
2022-02-19T23:43:03,983+0800 [main] INFO  org.apache.bookkeeper.tools.cli.commands.client.SimpleTestCommand - 1000 entries written to ledger 0
2022-02-19T23:43:04,041+0800 [main] INFO  org.apache.bookkeeper.proto.PerChannelBookieClient - Closing the per channel bookie client for 127.0.0.1:3181
...

备注：通过simpletest命令向bookie集群写入测试数据，完成测试后会自动删除。

5.部署Broker集群

5.1 修改配置

zookeeperServers=127.0.0.1:2181
configurationStoreServers=127.0.0.1:2181
bindAddress=127.0.0.1
# 默认InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName()
advertisedAddress=127.0.0.1
clusterName=pulsar-cluster-1

5.2 启动broker

bin/pulsar-daemon start broker
doing start broker ...
starting broker, logging to /Users/admin/work/software_install/apache-pulsar-2.9.1/logs/pulsar-broker-M-C02GL1NTQ05P.log
Note: Set immediateFlush to true in conf/log4j2.yaml will guarantee the logging event is flushing to disk immediately. The default behavior is switched off due to performance considerations.

5.3 验证集群

查看集群节点

bin/pulsar-admin brokers list cluster-1
"172.17.13.184:8080"

发送测试消息

bin/pulsar-client produce persistent://public/default/test -n 1 -m "Hello Pulsar"
...
2022-02-20T13:31:18,469+0800 [main] INFO  org.apache.pulsar.client.cli.PulsarClientTool - 1 messages successfully produced
...

消费测试消息

bin/pulsar-client consume persistent://public/default/test -n 100 -s "consumer-test" -t "Exclusive"
...
----- got message -----
key:[null], properties:[], content:Hello Pulsar
...

小结：至此测试集群搭建完成，下文将介绍生产环境配置的调整项。

二、生产环境配置

1.机器配置

下面为生产环境搭建Pulsar集群，由3个zookeeper节点、3个broker节点和5个bookie节点构成。

组件配置

组件  配置
zookeeper 4C8G100G * 3
broker  16C64G500G * 3
bookie  16C64G500G * 5

备注：每个组件集群部署时可以同城跨可用区部署，提高高可用。broker不存储消息100G即可，bookie存储消息通常需要较大磁盘，比如3T，具体根据消息量计算。

2.内存优化

配置项	内存大小或者比例，总大小
系统OS缓存	1~2G
Jvm内存和堆外内存	1/2（除去系统缓存后剩余缓存的一半），其中Jvm heap占1/3，堆外内存Direct Memory占2/3
PageCache内存大小	1/2（除去系统缓存后剩余缓存的一半）

2.1 broker内存调整

以内存64G大小，在文件conf/pulsar_env.sh修改如下内容：

PULSAR_MEM=${PULSAR_MEM:-"-Xms10g -Xmx10g -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=20g"}

2.2 bookie内存调整

以内存64G大小，在文件conf/bkenv.sh修改如下内容：

BOOKIE_MEM=${BOOKIE_MEM:-${PULSAR_MEM:-"-Xms10g -Xmx10g -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=20g"}}

3.Broker调整项

配置项	说明
zookeeperServers=x.x.x.x:2181,x.x.x.x:2181,x.x.x.x:2181	本地zookeeper集群地址
configurationStoreServers=x.x.x.x:2181,x.x.x.x:2181,x.x.x.x:2181	配置存储Zookeeper集群地址
bindAddress=x.x.x.x	服务监听的地址，可以为本机IP，默认为0.0.0.0
advertisedAddress=x.x.x.x	服务向外发布的主机名或者IP，默认为IntetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName
clusterName=cluster-xxx	集群名称
brokerDeleteInactiveTopicsEnabled=false	关闭自动删除不活动的主题
defaultNumberOfNamespaceBundles=12	Bundle的数量应为broker数量的整数倍，默认为4
defaultRetentionSizeInMB=1T	消费确认过的消息超过该⼤⼩后会触发删除策略
defaultRetentionTimeInMinutes=1w	消费确认过的消息超过指定时间后触发删除策略
backlogQuotaDefaultLimitGB=-1	保持默认，未被消费确认的消息⼤存储⼤⼩ 默认为-1表示没有限制，可以通过set-message-ttl设置过期时间，防⽌磁盘爆满
backlogQuotaDefaultRetentionPolicy=producer_request_hold	保持默认，未被消费确认的消息超过存储⼤⼩的策略
managedLedgerDefaultEnsembleSize=3	创建Ledger时指定Ensemble的⼤⼩
managedLedgerDefaultWriteQuorum=3	创建Ledger时指定Quorum的⼤⼩
managedLedgerDefaultAckQuorum=2	创建Ledger时指定ack Quorum的⼤⼩
dispatcherMaxReadBatchSize=500	⼀次从bookkeeper读取的数量，默认为100条
loadBalancerAutoBundleSplitEnabled=false	关闭auto bundle split功能，提⾼客户端稳定性
loadBalancerAutoUnloadSplitBundlesEnabled=false	关闭auto bundle split功能，提⾼客户端稳定性
loadBalancerSheddingEnabled=false	禁⽌Pulsar⾃动均衡
loadBalancerEnabled=false	禁⽌Pulsar⾃动均衡

备注：参数根据实际情况调整，在线上开启负载均衡时，发现有重复消息，此处先将其关闭。

4.Bookie调整项

配置项说明

配置项	说明
zkServers=x.x.x.x:2181,x.x.x.x:2181,x.x.x.x:2181	本地zookeeper集群地址
journalDirectory=/data/bookkeeper/journal01,/data/bookkeeper/journal02	BookKeeper存储其预写⽇志的⽬录，多个⽬录逗号进⾏分割，防⽌线程阻塞
ledgerDirectories=/data/bookkeeper/ledgers01,/data/bookkeeper/ledgers02	指定存储BookKeeper输出ledger的⽬录。多个ledger⽬录，需要使⽤逗号分割

备注：journalDirectory和ledgerDirectories在条件允许的情况可以配置到不同的磁盘。

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