使用VirtualBox安装Ubuntu，连接Xshell [若电脑直接安装Ubuntu 则跳过]
# VirtualBox设置网络连接方式为桥接网络 # 安装网络工具 sudo apt install net-tools # 查看网络ip ifconfig # 安装ssh远程服务 sudo apt install openssh-server # 安装ssh sudo apt install ssh # 通过xshell连接ip即可换源
# 备份源文件 sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sourses.list.bak # 换源 sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list # 清华源 deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # 检查软件包 sudo apt update # 更新软件包 sudo apt upgrade管理python版本
使用 pyenv+virtual 管理python版本
安装pyenv# 安装依赖 sudo apt install -y gcc make cmake build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev python-openssl git # 安装pyenv git clone git://github.com/yyuu/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv # 配置用户环境变量 echo 'export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"' >> ~/.bashrc echo 'export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc echo 'eval "$(pyenv init --path)"' >> ~/.bashrc echo 'eval "$(pyenv init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc # 立即加载配置 source ~/.bashrc安装python
# 查看可安装的python版本 pyenv install -l # 安装3.9.10 pyenv install -v 3.9.10 # 离线安装[直接安装如果失败] <下载Python-3.9.10.tar.xz> mkdir ~/.pyenv/cache mv Python-3.9.10.tar.xz ~/.pyenv/cache pyenv install -v 3.9.10 # 设置python版本范围 pyenv global 3.9.10 # 设置全局Python版本 pyenv global system # 设置全局Python版本 pyenv local 3.9.10 # 设置本目录python版本 pyenv local --unset # 取消本目录的python版本 pyenv shell 3.9.10 # 设置当前shell的python版本 pyenv shell --unset # 取消当前shell的python版本 # 查看版本 pyenv versions # 查看所有版本，*表示当前版本 pyenv version # 查看当前版本安装virtualenv
# 安装virtualenv git clone git://github.com/yyuu/pyenv-virtualenv.git ~/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv # 配置用户环境变量 echo 'eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc # 立即加载配置 source ~/.bashrc使用python虚拟环境
# 创建虚拟环境env3910 pyenv virtualenv 3.9.10 env3910 # 切换到env3910 pyenv activate env3910 # 退出env3910 pyenv deactivate # 删除env3910 pyenv virtualenv-delete env3910pip换源
# 安装pip sudo apt install python-pip mkdir ~/.pip vim ~/.pip/pip.conf [global] index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ [install] trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com [list] format = columns # pip list格式设置安装Pycharm
下载linux社区版pycharm
安装pycharm
# 解压pycharm压缩包 mkdir /opt/pycharm tar -zxvf pycharm-community-2021.3.2.tar.gz -C /opt/pycharm # 安装pycharm cd /opt/pycharm/pycharm-community-2021.3.2/bin ./pycharm.sh # 创建pycharm快捷方式 vim pycharm.desktop [Desktop Entry] Name=Pycharm Exec=/opt/pycharm/pycharm-community-2021.3.2/bin/pycharm.sh Type=Application Icon=/opt/pycharm/pycharm-community-2021.3.2/bin/pycharm.png sudo cp pycharm.desktop /usr/share/applications/ <全部应用中可以看到Pycharm>
