上一篇Blog详细介绍了如何在CentOS上进行Docker的安装、卸载以及如何进行镜像加速，了解了Docker大致的运行流程以及常用的命令。时隔半个月之后，度过了过节失落期后再次拾起来自己的年度计划继续进行这方面知识的学习。在了解了常用命令后，就要开始对常用容器下手训练了，比如一些常用的中间件以及服务器。
常用容器部署通过上一篇Blog命令的学习，来运行一下以下几个常用的中间件和服务器的容器。
Nginx部署Nginx常用做负载均衡和反向代理，我们通过Docker来使用容器化的Nginx，从容器站点搜索：https://hub.docker.com/：
搜索到nginx镜像后进行下载
Last login: Fri Feb 4 00:32:05 2022 from 192.168.5.1 [root@192 ~]# docker search nginx NAME DEscriptION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED bitnami/nginx Bitnami nginx Docker Image 117 [OK] bitnami/wordpress-nginx Bitnami Docker Image for WordPress with NGINX 55 [OK] ubuntu/nginx Nginx, a high-performance reverse proxy & we… 31 bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller Bitnami Docker Image for NGINX Ingress Contr… 15 [OK] rancher/nginx-ingress-controller 9 ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller Docker Image for IBM Cloud Private-CE (Commu… 4 bitnami/nginx-ldap-auth-daemon 3 rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-defaultbackend 2 circleci/nginx This image is for internal use 2 bitnami/nginx-exporter 1 rancher/nginx 1 rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-amd64 0 kasmweb/nginx An Nginx image based off nginx:alpine and in… 0 rancher/nginx-conf 0 rancher/nginx-ssl 0 ibmcom/nginx-ppc64le Docker image for nginx-ppc64le 0 wallarm/nginx-ingress-controller Kubernetes Ingress Controller with Wallarm e… 0 ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller-ppc64le Docker Image for IBM Cloud Private-CE (Commu… 0 rancher/nginx-proxy 0 bitnami/nginx-intel 0 wallarm/nginx-ingress-controller-amd64 Kubernetes Ingress Controller with Wallarm e… 0 ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller-amd64 0 ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller-s390x 0 wallarm/nginx-amd64 0 nginx Official build of Nginx. 0 [OK] [root@192 ~]# docker pull nginx Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/nginx a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete 589b7251471a: Pull complete 186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31 Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest docker.io/library/nginx:latest [root@192 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 605c77e624dd 7 weeks ago 141MB tomcat latest fb5657adc892 8 weeks ago 680MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 months ago 516MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 4 months ago 13.3kB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 5 months ago 231MB [root@192 ~]#2 运行测试
通过后台模式运行nginx容器
docker run -d --name nginx-tml -p 3334:80 nginx -d 后台运行 --name 给容器命名 -p 3334:80 将宿主机的端口3334映射到该容器的80端口
如果在run的时候报了如下异常：
WARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work.
则说明ip转发没有打开，需要通过如下方式打开：
vim /etc/sysctl.conf #配置转发 net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 #重启服务，让配置生效 systemctl restart network #查看是否成功,如果返回为“net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1”则表示成功 sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward
运行命令如下：
[root@192 ~]# docker run -d --name nginx-tml -p 3334:80 nginx b8ae778bad8c7b53df465ee033f14b909ac0096306d38a39ea5c211910613aa0 [root@192 ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b8ae778bad8c nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp, :::3334->80/tcp nginx-tml 4ed9be7f96c8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks inspiring_rhodes cc886973b2cb centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks suspicious_borg 1c1dd47ce82c centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks elated_colden 945abcb48a14 tomcat "catalina.sh run" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks 8080/tcp quizzical_golick 0558e745b9b0 tomcat "catalina.sh run" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks 8080/tcp heuristic_chebyshev
宿主机与容器的端口暴露映射
通过公网网络端口访问nginx
[root@192 ~]# curl localhost:3334Welcome to nginx! Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to nginx.org.
Commercial support is available at nginx.com.Thank you for using nginx.
通过公网也是可以访问到的：
Tomcat是我们常用的服务器，同样可以从dockerhub搜索到：
之前虽然下载过tomcat镜像和容器，这里就复习下之前的命令，删除容器和镜像重新下载吧：
[root@192 ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b8ae778bad8c nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 31 minutes ago Up 31 minutes 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp, :::3334->80/tcp nginx-tml 4ed9be7f96c8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks inspiring_rhodes cc886973b2cb centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks suspicious_borg 1c1dd47ce82c centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks elated_colden 945abcb48a14 tomcat "catalina.sh run" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks 8080/tcp quizzical_golick 0558e745b9b0 tomcat "catalina.sh run" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks 8080/tcp heuristic_chebyshev [root@192 ~]# docker rm -f 945abcb48a14 945abcb48a14 [root@192 ~]# docker rm -f 0558e745b9b0 0558e745b9b0 [root@192 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 605c77e624dd 7 weeks ago 141MB tomcat latest fb5657adc892 8 weeks ago 680MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 months ago 516MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 4 months ago 13.3kB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 5 months ago 231MB [root@192 ~]# docker rmi -f fb5657adc892 Untagged: tomcat:latest Untagged: tomcat@sha256:9dee185c3b161cdfede1f5e35e8b56ebc9de88ed3a79526939701f3537a52324 Deleted: sha256:fb5657adc892ed15910445588404c798b57f741e9921ff3c1f1abe01dbb56906 [root@192 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 605c77e624dd 7 weeks ago 141MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 months ago 516MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 4 months ago 13.3kB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 5 months ago 231MB
然后再通过命令重新搜索下载tomcat镜像
[root@192 ~]# docker search tomcat NAME DEscriptION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED bitnami/tomcat Bitnami Tomcat Docker Image 44 [OK] aallam/tomcat-mysql Debian, Oracle JDK, Tomcat & MySQL 12 [OK] arm64v8/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 7 rightctrl/tomcat CentOS , Oracle Java, tomcat application ssl… 7 [OK] tomcat2111/pisignage-server PiSignage Server 3 [OK] jelastic/tomcat An image of the Tomcat Java application serv… 3 amd64/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 3 cfje/tomcat-resource Tomcat Concourse Resource 2 chenyufeng/tomcat-centos tomcat基于centos6的镜像 1 [OK] ppc64le/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 1 tomcatling/jupyterhub_aws 1 softwareplant/tomcat Tomcat images for jira-cloud testing 0 [OK] store/microsoft/defaultpublisher Zulu for Azure build of OpenJDK 0 tomcat2111/phpredisadmin This is a Docker image for phpredisadmin 0 [OK] tomcat2111/bitbucket-pipelines-elasticsearch Elasticsearch for Bitbucket's Pipelines 0 tomcat2111/papercut-mf PaperCut MF Application Server 0 tomcat0823/auto1 0 tomcatengineering/pg_backup_rotated Clone of martianrock/pg_backup_rotated but w… 0 s390x/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 0 tomcatengineering/docker_swarm_exporter Prometheus metrics exporter for Docker Swarms 0 secoresearch/tomcat-varnish Tomcat and Varnish 5.0 0 [OK] tomcat2111/piwik Matomo (formerly Piwik) image 0 tomee Apache TomEE is an all-Apache Java EE certif… 0 [OK] tomcat2111/redaxo Redaxo 0 tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 0 [OK] [root@192 ~]# docker pull tomcat Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/tomcat 0e29546d541c: Already exists 9b829c73b52b: Already exists cb5b7ae36172: Already exists 6494e4811622: Already exists 668f6fcc5fa5: Already exists dc120c3e0290: Already exists 8f7c0eebb7b1: Already exists 77b694f83996: Already exists 0f611256ec3a: Already exists 4f25def12f23: Already exists Digest: sha256:9dee185c3b161cdfede1f5e35e8b56ebc9de88ed3a79526939701f3537a52324 Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:latest docker.io/library/tomcat:latest [root@192 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 605c77e624dd 7 weeks ago 141MB tomcat latest fb5657adc892 8 weeks ago 680MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 months ago 516MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 4 months ago 13.3kB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 5 months ago 231MB2 运行测试
然后以后台的方式启动下tomcat：
[root@192 ~]# docker run -d --name tomcat-tml -p 3335:8080 tomcat 2f59536a92da2d8212bb767da507b3b76102bc47df241c6046c866f0ccfeac7c [root@192 ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 2f59536a92da tomcat "catalina.sh run" 8 seconds ago Up 6 seconds 0.0.0.0:3335->8080/tcp, :::3335->8080/tcp tomcat-tml b8ae778bad8c nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 38 minutes ago Up 38 minutes 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp, :::3334->80/tcp nginx-tml 4ed9be7f96c8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks inspiring_rhodes cc886973b2cb centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks suspicious_borg 1c1dd47ce82c centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks elated_colden [root@192 ~]# curl localhost:3335HTTP Status 404 – Not Found HTTP Status 404 – Not Found
Type Status Report
Description The origin server did not find a current representation for the target resource or is not willing to disclose that one exists.
Apache Tomcat/10.0.14
[root@192 ~]#
这里看到是404，这是因为：阿里云镜像默认下载的是最小的镜像，保证最小的运行环境，容器中的命令是少了
oot@192 ~]# docker exec -it tomcat-tml /bin/bash root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat# ls BUILDING.txt CONTRIBUTING.md LICENSE NOTICE README.md RELEASE-NOTES RUNNING.txt bin conf lib logs native-jni-lib temp webapps webapps.dist work root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat# cd webapps.dist root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist# ls ROOT docs examples host-manager manager root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist# cd ROOT root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/ROOT# ls RELEASE-NOTES.txt WEB-INF asf-logo-wide.svg bg-button.png bg-middle.png bg-nav.png bg-upper.png favicon.ico index.jsp tomcat.css tomcat.svg root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/ROOT# ls RELEASE-NOTES.txt WEB-INF asf-logo-wide.svg bg-button.png bg-middle.png bg-nav.png bg-upper.png favicon.ico index.jsp tomcat.css tomcat.svg root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/ROOT# cd ../../ root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat# cd webapps root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps# ls root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps# cp -r /usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/* /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps# ls ROOT docs examples host-manager manager root@2f59536a92da:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps# exit exit3 访问测试
再次访问测试查看：
[root@192 ~]# curl localhost:3335
Apache Tomcat/10.0.14
Apache Tomcat/10.0.14
If you're seeing this, you've successfully installed Tomcat. Congratulations!
![[tomcat logo]](tomcat.svg)
Developer Quick Start
Managing Tomcat
For security, access to the manager webapp is restricted.
Users are defined in:
$CATALINA_HOME/conf/tomcat-users.xml
In Tomcat 10.0 access to the manager application is split between
different users. Read more...
Release Notes
Changelog
Migration Guide
Security Notices
documentation
Tomcat 10.0 documentation
Tomcat 10.0 Configuration
Tomcat Wiki
Find additional important configuration information in:
$CATALINA_HOME/RUNNING.txt
Developers may be interested in:
Getting Help
FAQ and Mailing Lists
The following mailing lists are available:
- tomcat-announce
important announcements, releases, security vulnerability notifications. (Low volume).
- tomcat-users
User support and discussion
- taglibs-user
User support and discussion for Apache Taglibs
- tomcat-dev
Development mailing list, including commit messages
Copyright ©1999-2022 Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved
[root@192 ~]#
公网访问
ElasticSearch是我们常用的搜索引擎，es暴露端口较多且占用内存较高
1 搜索并下载镜像先搜索并下载elasticsearch的镜像
[root@192 ~]# docker search elasticsearch NAME DEscriptION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED elastichq/elasticsearch-hq Official Docker image for ElasticHQ: Elastic… 78 [OK] bitnami/elasticsearch Bitnami Docker Image for Elasticsearch 47 [OK] justwatch/elasticsearch_exporter Elasticsearch stats exporter for Prometheus 17 bitnami/elasticsearch-exporter Bitnami Elasticsearch Exporter Docker Image 4 [OK] barchart/elasticsearch-aws Elasticsearch AWS node 3 rancher/elasticsearch-conf 3 bitnami/elasticsearch-curator 2 ibmcom/elasticsearch Docker Image for IBM Cloud private-CE (Commu… 1 ibmcom/elasticsearch-ppc64le Docker Image for IBM Cloud Private-CE (Commu… 1 rancher/elasticsearch-bootstrap 1 ibmcom/elasticsearch-s390x 1 atlassian/dynamodb-elasticsearch-indexer An indexer for indexing DynamoDB tables in E… 1 ibmcom/elasticsearch-amd64 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-exporter-amd64 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-plugin-searchguard-amd64 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-exporter-ppc64le 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-plugin-searchguard-s390x 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-exporter-s390x 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-plugin-searchguard-ppc64le 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-dump 0 rancher/elasticsearch 0 amazon/opendistro-for-elasticsearch-data-prepper The Docker image for the Open Distribution f… 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-exporter 0 ibmcom/elasticsearch-plugin-searchguard 0 kibana Kibana gives shape to any kind of data — str… 0 [OK] [root@192 ~]# docker pull elasticsearch Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/elasticsearch 05d1a5232b46: Pull complete 5cee356eda6b: Pull complete 89d3385f0fd3: Pull complete 65dd87f6620b: Pull complete 78a183a01190: Pull complete 1a4499c85f97: Pull complete 2c9d39b4bfc1: Pull complete 1b1cec2222c9: Pull complete 59ff4ce9df68: Pull complete 1976bc3ee432: Pull complete 5af49e8af381: Pull complete 42c8b75ff7af: Pull complete 7e6902915254: Pull complete 99853874fa54: Pull complete 596fbad6fcff: Pull complete Digest: sha256:a8081d995ef3443dc6d077093172a5931e02cdb8ffddbf05c67e01d348a9770e Status: Downloaded newer image for elasticsearch:latest docker.io/library/elasticsearch:latest [root@192 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 605c77e624dd 7 weeks ago 141MB tomcat latest fb5657adc892 8 weeks ago 680MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 months ago 516MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 4 months ago 13.3kB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 5 months ago 231MB elasticsearch latest 5acf0e8da90b 3 years ago 486MB [root@192 ~]#
添加 -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms128m -Xmx512m" 配置ElasticSearch的虚拟机占用的内存大小
2 运行测试给es设定最大内存进行启动
[root@192 ~]# docker run -d --name elasticsearch-tml -p 3392:9200 -p 3393:9300 -e "discovery.type=single-node" -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms128m -Xmx512m" elasticsearch bd6877cd46cebf68c2f9b0571dafde1da474c159b28939d9a24faabe21a86802 [root@192 ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES bd6877cd46ce elasticsearch "/docker-entrypoint.…" 13 seconds ago Up 12 seconds 0.0.0.0:3392->9200/tcp, :::3392->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3393->9300/tcp, :::3393->9300/tcp elasticsearch-tml 2f59536a92da tomcat "catalina.sh run" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3335->8080/tcp, :::3335->8080/tcp tomcat-tml b8ae778bad8c nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp, :::3334->80/tcp nginx-tml 4ed9be7f96c8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks inspiring_rhodes cc886973b2cb centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks
通过命令stats查看内存使用情况：
[root@192 ~]# docker stats bd6877cd46ce ConTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS bd6877cd46ce elasticsearch-tml 0.02% 184.2MiB / 972.4MiB 18.94% 656B / 0B 941MB / 537kB 31 ConTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS bd6877cd46ce elasticsearch-tml 0.02% 184.2MiB / 972.4MiB 18.94% 656B / 0B 941MB / 537kB 31 ConTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS bd6877cd46ce elasticsearch-tml 0.80% 184.7MiB / 972.4MiB 18.99% 656B / 0B 948MB / 537kB 31 ConTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS bd6877cd46ce elasticsearch-tml 0.80% 184.7MiB / 972.4MiB 18.99% 656B / 0B 948MB / 537kB 31 ConTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS3 访问测试
我们进行访问测试看下效果：
[root@192 ~]# curl localhost:3392
{
"name" : "xcQQz-u",
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"cluster_uuid" : "D5CjYDPoQvOzarlg-GY0nQ",
"version" : {
"number" : "5.6.12",
"build_hash" : "cfe3d9f",
"build_date" : "2018-09-10T20:12:43.732Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "6.6.1"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
[root@192 ~]#
公网访问效果如下：
当然也可以部署新版本es并访问，很简单：
[root@192 ~]# docker run -d --name elasticsearch-tml-7.6.2 -p 3396:9200 -p 3397:9300 -e "discovery.type=single-node" -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms128m -Xmx512m" elasticsearch:7.6.2 Unable to find image 'elasticsearch:7.6.2' locally 7.6.2: Pulling from library/elasticsearch ab5ef0e58194: Pull complete c4d1ca5c8a25: Pull complete 941a3cc8e7b8: Pull complete 43ec483d9618: Pull complete c486fd200684: Pull complete 1b960df074b2: Pull complete 1719d48d6823: Pull complete Digest: sha256:1b09dbd93085a1e7bca34830e77d2981521a7210e11f11eda997add1c12711fa Status: Downloaded newer image for elasticsearch:7.6.2 3b66fa35905f90af7d8ddfb37b457f31d9045a9ffebc2f1c9e99c7d0374bae01 [root@192 ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3b66fa35905f elasticsearch:7.6.2 "/usr/local/bin/dock…" 14 seconds ago Up 8 seconds 0.0.0.0:3396->9200/tcp, :::3396->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3397->9300/tcp, :::3397->9300/tcp elasticsearch-tml-7.6.2 bd6877cd46ce elasticsearch "/docker-entrypoint.…" 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes 0.0.0.0:3392->9200/tcp, :::3392->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3393->9300/tcp, :::3393->9300/tcp elasticsearch-tml 2f59536a92da tomcat "catalina.sh run" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3335->8080/tcp, :::3335->8080/tcp tomcat-tml b8ae778bad8c nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp, :::3334->80/tcp nginx-tml 4ed9be7f96c8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks inspiring_rhodes cc886973b2cb centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks suspicious_borg [root@192 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 605c77e624dd 7 weeks ago 141MB tomcat latest fb5657adc892 8 weeks ago 680MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 months ago 516MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 4 months ago 13.3kB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 5 months ago 231MB elasticsearch 7.6.2 f29a1ee41030 23 months ago 791MB elasticsearch latest 5acf0e8da90b 3 years ago 486MB
公网访问如下：
MySQL是我们的常用的数据库管理软件：
1 搜索并下载镜像同样的搜索和下载镜像：
[root@192 ~]# docker search mysql NAME DEscriptION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create… 905 [OK] centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 92 mysql/mysql-cluster Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr… 92 bitnami/mysql Bitnami MySQL Docker Image 65 [OK] circleci/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 24 ubuntu/mysql MySQL open source fast, stable, multi-thread… 23 mysql/mysql-router MySQL Router provides transparent routing be… 23 centos/mysql-56-centos7 MySQL 5.6 SQL database server 21 google/mysql MySQL server for Google Compute Engine 19 [OK] mysqlboy/mydumper mydumper for mysql logcial backups 3 mysqlboy/docker-mydumper docker-mydumper containerizes MySQL logical … 3 ibmcom/mysql-s390x Docker image for mysql-s390x 1 bitnami/mysqld-exporter 1 mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 0 [OK] ibmcom/tidb-ppc64le TiDB is a distributed NewSQL database compat… 0 mirantis/mysql 0 mysql/mysql-operator MySQL Operator for Kubernetes 0 cimg/mysql 0 phpmyadmin phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and M… 0 [OK] mysqlboy/elasticsearch 0 mysqleatmydata/mysql-eatmydata 0 percona Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati… 0 [OK] mysqled25519/mysqled25519 0 mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 0 [OK] mysql/ndb-operator MySQL NDB Operator for Kubernetes 0 [root@192 ~]# docker pull mysql Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/mysql Digest: sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709 Status: Image is up to date for mysql:latest docker.io/library/mysql:latest [root@192 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 605c77e624dd 7 weeks ago 141MB tomcat latest fb5657adc892 8 weeks ago 680MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 months ago 516MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 4 months ago 13.3kB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 5 months ago 231MB elasticsearch 7.6.2 f29a1ee41030 23 months ago 791MB elasticsearch latest 5acf0e8da90b 3 years ago 486MB [root@192 ~]#2 运行测试
运行启动mysql并设置账户密码：
[root@192 ~]# docker run -d --name mysql-tml -p 3366:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql b7842800b1cb46a7a79e01531d1e706fd4e54f8a6edadd07c8c32bd3abb41233 [root@192 ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b7842800b1cb mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3366->3306/tcp, :::3366->3306/tcp mysql-tml 3b66fa35905f elasticsearch:7.6.2 "/usr/local/bin/dock…" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:3396->9200/tcp, :::3396->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3397->9300/tcp, :::3397->9300/tcp elasticsearch-tml-7.6.2 bd6877cd46ce elasticsearch "/docker-entrypoint.…" 13 minutes ago Up 13 minutes 0.0.0.0:3392->9200/tcp, :::3392->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3393->9300/tcp, :::3393->9300/tcp elasticsearch-tml 2f59536a92da tomcat "catalina.sh run" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3335->8080/tcp, :::3335->8080/tcp tomcat-tml b8ae778bad8c nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp, :::3334->80/tcp nginx-tml 4ed9be7f96c8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks inspiring_rhodes cc886973b2cb centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks suspicious_borg [root@192 ~]#
运行命令说明：
-p 3306:3306 ：映射容器服务的 3306 端口到宿主机的 3306 端口，外部主机可以直接通过 宿主机ip:3306 访问到 MySQL 的服务。 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：设置 MySQL 服务 默认账号root 用户的密码。3 访问测试
进入容器，并通过账号root查看MySQL服务能否正常连接
[root@192 ~]# docker exec -it b7842800b1cb /bin/bash root@b7842800b1cb:/# mysql -h localhost -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>Portaniner工具安装
Portaniner是Docker的图形化管理工具，类似的工具还有Rancher(CI/CD再用)，使用时下载运行Portaniner镜像并运行，设置本机映射端口为8088，一键拉取镜像并运行容器
[root@192 ~]# docker run -d -p 8088:9000 --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --privileged=true portainer/portainer Unable to find image 'portainer/portainer:latest' locally latest: Pulling from portainer/portainer 94cfa856b2b1: Pull complete 49d59ee0881a: Pull complete a2300fd28637: Pull complete Digest: sha256:fb45b43738646048a0a0cc74fcee2865b69efde857e710126084ee5de9be0f3f Status: Downloaded newer image for portainer/portainer:latest 78664208a245f44dd9cb9ea7c1fb8418431a7c36affb7e0dcfd110d21ce95196 [root@192 ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 78664208a245 portainer/portainer "/portainer" 13 seconds ago Up 12 seconds 0.0.0.0:8088->9000/tcp, :::8088->9000/tcp thirsty_gauss b7842800b1cb mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3366->3306/tcp, :::3366->3306/tcp mysql-tml 3b66fa35905f elasticsearch:7.6.2 "/usr/local/bin/dock…" 11 minutes ago Up 11 minutes 0.0.0.0:3396->9200/tcp, :::3396->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3397->9300/tcp, :::3397->9300/tcp elasticsearch-tml-7.6.2 bd6877cd46ce elasticsearch "/docker-entrypoint.…" 18 minutes ago Up 18 minutes 0.0.0.0:3392->9200/tcp, :::3392->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3393->9300/tcp, :::3393->9300/tcp elasticsearch-tml 2f59536a92da tomcat "catalina.sh run" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3335->8080/tcp, :::3335->8080/tcp tomcat-tml b8ae778bad8c nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp, :::3334->80/tcp nginx-tml 4ed9be7f96c8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks inspiring_rhodes cc886973b2cb centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 2 weeks ago Up 2 weeks suspicious_borg [root@192 ~]#
第一次登录设置admin用户的密码：
登录后选择本地连接：
进入就可以看到自己的镜像和容器了：
以及我们刚开启的容器服务：
经过之前的命令学习，今天这篇Blog主要是拿几个容器练手来熟悉之前的docker命令、进行一些简单的请求测试，并且通过工具面板可视化的去管理容器。到此为止，学习到的Docker容器的应用概念还是停留在单个组件的功能实现上，大型的分布式服务集群其实是融合了多种中间件去实现的，这到底是如何实现的，容器如何联合起来提供服务，还是比较好奇？所以还是比较期待后续容器编排一些高级概念的学习。
