和大家说明一下，我们的目的仅仅是要安装一个centos7，然后在centos7上部署ElasticSearch
如果搞不定vagrant+virtualbox的方式，也可以直接使用VM搭建一个centos7
或者你可以直接使用一台云服务器，上面安装了centos7
毕竟我们的目的只是为了得到一个centos7的机器，所以不必花太多精力在这个问题上折腾
我使用的环境是
【
win10 64位
VirtualBox-6.1.32-149290-Win
vagrant_2.2.19_x86_64.msi
virtualbox.box
】
环境软件网盘地址
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1gC3H7Ihe8CCDaTddUN88-g?pwd=5ikd
提取码：5ikd
安装步骤
安装centos7
01 创建centos7文件夹，并进入其中[目录全路径不要有中文字符]
02 在此目录下打开cmd，运行vagrant init centos/7
此时会在当前目录下生成Vagrantfile，同时指定使用的镜像为centos/7，关键是这个镜像在哪里，我已经提前准备好了，名称是virtualbox.box文件
03 将virtualbox.box文件添加到vagrant管理的镜像中
(1)下载网盘中的virtualbox.box文件
(2)保存到磁盘的某个目录，比如D:virtualbox.box
(3)添加镜像并起名叫centos/7：vagrant box add centos/7 D:virtualbox.box
(4)vagrant box list 查看本地的box[这时候可以看到centos/7]
04 centos/7镜像有了，根据Vagrantfile文件启动创建虚拟机【Vagrantfile脚本见下面】
来到centos7文件夹，在此目录打开cmd窗口，执行vagrant up[打开virtual box观察，可以发现centos7创建成功]
05 以后大家操作虚拟机，还是要在centos文件夹打开cmd窗口操作
vagrant halt 优雅关闭
vagrant up 正常启动
06 vagrant常用命令
(1)vagrant ssh
进入刚才创建的centos7中
(2)vagrant status
查看centos7的状态
(3)vagrant halt
停止/关闭centos7
(4)vagrant destroy
删除centos7
(5)vagrant status
查看当前vagrant创建的虚拟机
(6)Vagrantfile中也可以写脚本命令，使得centos7更加丰富
但是要注意，修改了Vagrantfile，要想使正常运行的centos7生效，必须使用vagrant reload
修改Vagrantfile文件
单个虚拟机Vagrantfile
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :
# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
# The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
# For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
# https://docs.vagrantup.com.
# Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
# boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
config.vm.box = "centos/7"
# Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
# boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
# `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
# config.vm.box_check_update = false
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
# accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
# NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
# via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
# Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
# using a specific IP.
# config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
# Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
# Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
# your network.
config.vm.network "public_network"
# Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
# the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
# the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
# argument is a set of non-required options.
# config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
# Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
# backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
# Example for VirtualBox:
#
# config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
# # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
# vb.gui = true
#
# # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
# vb.memory = "1024"
# end
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
vb.memory = "4000"
vb.name= "jack-centos7"
vb.cpus= 2
end
#
# View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
# information on available options.
# Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
# Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the
# documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
# config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
# apt-get update
# apt-get install -y apache2
# SHELL
end
多台虚拟机Vagrantfile
boxes = [
{
:name => "centos100",
:eth1 => "192.168.2.100",
:mem => "4096",
:cpu => "2",
},
{
:name => "centos101",
:eth1 => "192.168.2.101",
:mem => "2048",
:cpu => "2",
},
{
:name => "centos102",
:eth1 => "192.168.2.102",
:mem => "2048",
:cpu => "2",
},
{
:name => "centos103",
:eth1 => "192.168.2.103",
:mem => "2048",
:cpu => "2",
},
{
:name => "centos104",
:eth1 => "192.168.2.104",
:mem => "2048",
:cpu => "2",
},
{
:name => "centos105",
:eth1 => "192.168.2.105",
:mem => "2048",
:cpu => "2",
},
{
:name => "centos106",
:eth1 => "192.168.2.106",
:mem => "2048",
:cpu => "2",
}
]
Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
config.vm.box = "centos/7"
Encoding.default_external = 'UTF-8'
boxes.each do |opts|
config.vm.define opts[:name] do |config|
config.vm.hostname = opts[:name]
config.vm.network "public_network", ip: opts[:eth1]
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", opts[:mem]]
v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--cpus", opts[:cpu]]
v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", opts[:name]]
end
end
end
end
解释说明
01 `指定使用的box`
config.vm.box = "centos/7"
02 `指定编码方式，否则可能会报错“GBK to UTF-8”`
Encoding.default_external = 'UTF-8'
03 `指定虚拟机的hostname`
config.vm.hostname = "single"
04 `指定虚拟机使用的网络`
# host-only: 仅主机可访问虚拟机，bridge: 局域网均可访问虚拟机
# 配置当前vm的host-only网络,ip、type需要二选一
config.vm.network "private_network"[, type: "dhcp"][, ip: "192.168.56.20"]
# 配置bridge桥接网络，ip、bridge为可选项【不指定bridge时，如果是混合网络的话启动时会提示选择】
config.vm.network "public_network"[, bridge: "Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 8260"][, ip: "192.168.0.20"]
05 `指定本地映射到虚拟机的端口`
# 默认2222，启动后可通过“telnet 127.0.0.1 2222”连接到虚拟机
# 修改此端口为22220，即使用“telnet 127.0.0.1 22220”连接到虚拟机
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 2222, id: "ssh", disabled: "true"
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 22220
06 `virtualbox其他参数设置`
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "4096"] 【内存数，单位MB】
v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--cpus", "2"] 【cpu数】
v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "single"] 【主机名】
end
设置密码登录
登录完成可以在VirtualBox里面看到已经启动的虚拟机
随便选一个虚拟机双击，从virtualbox里面进去，使用默认账号登录
vagrant账号 账号：vagrant 密码：vagrant root账号 账号：root 密码：vagrant
开启SSH账号密码登录(root账号登录)
# 设置账号密码为yes vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config 设置PasswordAuthentication yes # 重启服务 systemctl restart sshd
