ElasticSearch操作数据(Document)

插入有两种方式，一种是指定id，一种是es自动分配id

# 先创建一个index1索引
# 由于不建议使用多类型，所以创建只有一个类型的索引，默认类型名为_doc
PUT 'http://localhost:9200/index1'
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties":{
       "name":{ "type":"keyword" },
       "age":{ "type": "long" }
     }
   }
}

# /[index]/[type]/[id]
# 默认type为_doc,指定为no1
# 可以加上?op_type=create，会在重复id时报错导致插入失败，否则会更新该id的属性值
PUT 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/no1?op_type=create'
{
	"name":"123",
	"age":"123"
}

POST 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc'
{
	"name":"123",
	"age":"123"
}

# 结果
{
  "_index" : "accounts",
  "_type" : "person",
  "_id" : "0dwdw4548", # 自动生成的id
  "_version" : 1,
  "result" : "created",
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no": 1,
  "_primary_term": 1
}

# 通过id删除
DELETe 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/no1'

更新文档数据可以根据id修改，而id修改支持普通修改和脚本修改

# 通过id更新记录
POST 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/no1/_update'
{
	"doc":
	{
		"name":"123",
		"age":"321"
	}
}

# 关键字”script”: 标志以脚本的方式修改文档
# “lang”: 表示以何种脚本语言进行修改, “painless”表示以es内置的脚本语言进行修改. 
# 此外es还支持多种脚本语言, 如Python, js等等
# “inline”:指定脚本内容 “ctx”代表es上下文, _source 代表文档 

POST 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/no1/_update'
{
  "script": {
    "lang": "painless",
    "inline": "ctx._source.name = params.name; ctx._source.age = params.age",
    "params": {
		"name": "312",
      	"age": 30
    }
  }
}

GET 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/no1'

# 结果
{
  "_index" : "accounts",
  "_type" : "person",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 1,
  "found" : true,
  "_source" : {
    "user" : "123",
    "title" : "123",
    "desc" : "123"
  }
}

# 使用 GET 方法，直接请求/Index/Type/_search，就会返回所有记录。
GET 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/_search'

{
  "took":2,
  "timed_out":false,
  "_shards":{"total":5,"successful":5,"failed":0},
  "hits":{
    "total":2,
    "max_score":1.0,
    "hits":[
      {
        "_index":"accounts",
        "_type":"person",
        "_id":"AV3qGfrC6jMbsbXb6k1p",
        "_score":1.0,
        "_source": {
          "user": "李四",
          "title": "工程师",
          "desc": "系统管理"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index":"accounts",
        "_type":"person",
        "_id":"1",
        "_score":1.0,
        "_source": {
          "user" : "123",
          "title" : "123",
          "desc" : "123"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

# 使用 Match 查询，指定的匹配条件是desc字段里面包含"123"这个词
GET 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/_search'

{
  "query" : { "match" : { "desc" : "123" }}
}

# 结果
{
  "took":3,
  "timed_out":false,
  "_shards":{"total":5,"successful":5,"failed":0},
  "hits":{
    "total":1,
    "max_score":0.28582606,
    "hits":[
      {
        "_index":"accounts",
        "_type":"person",
        "_id":"1",
        "_score":0.28582606,
        "_source": {
          "user" : "123",
          "title" : "123",
          "desc" : "123"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

# Elastic 默认一次返回10条结果，可以通过size字段改变这个设置
# 下面代码指定，每次只返回一条结果
GET 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/_search'
{
  "query" : { "match" : { "desc" : "123" }},
  "size": 1
}

# 还可以通过from字段，指定位移
GET 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/_search'
{
  "query" : { "match" : { "desc" : "管理" }},
  "from": 1,
  "size": 1
}

# 如果有多个搜索关键字， Elastic 认为它们是or关系
# 下面面代码搜索的是软件 or 系统
GET 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/_search'
{
  "query" : { "match" : { "desc" : "1 3" }}
}

# 如果要执行多个关键词的and搜索，必须使用布尔查询
GET 'http://localhost:9200/index1/_doc/_search'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        { "match": { "desc": "1" } },
        { "match": { "desc": "3" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}