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参考资料运行环境一、Shiro体系结构
1.1 Shiro外部架构1.2 Shiro内部架构 二、Shiro 快速入门
2.1 使用IDEA创建Maven项目,引入依赖2.2 配置Shiro2.3 测试运行官方的Quickstart实例2.4 官方案例过程梳理 三、Shrio MDK5
3.1 Shiro 认证案例3.2 Shiro 授权案例 四、SpringBoot整合Shiro + Web + MyBatis + Thymeleaf案例
4.1 引入相关依赖4.2 配置MyBatis4.3 编写SpringMVC控制层 + 前端Thymeleaf页面4.4 配置Shiro4.5 运行测试4.6 小结
参考资料视频链接1视频链接2 运行环境
Windows10Maven 3.8.3IDEA 2021.1 专业版JDK 8SpringBoot 2.6Shrio 1.8 一、Shiro体系结构
Apache Shiro是一个强大且易用的Java安全框架,执行身份验证、授权、密码和会话管理。使用Shiro的易于理解的API,您可以快速、轻松地获得任何应用程序,从最小的移动应用程序到最大的网络和企业应用程序。
| 模块 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| Authentication | 身份认证、登录,验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份 |
| Authorization | 授权,即权限验证,验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限,即判断用户能否进行什么操作,如:验证某个用户已是否拥有某个角色,或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限 |
| Session Manager | 会话管理,即用户登陆后的第一次会话,没退出前,它的所有信息都在会话中,会话可以是普通的JavaSE环境,也可以是Web环境 |
| Ctryptography | 加密,保护数据的安全性,如密码加密存储到数据库中,而不是明文存储 |
| Web Support | Web支持,可以非常容易的集成到Web环境 |
| Caching | 缓存,比如用户登录后,其用户信息,拥有的角色、权限不必每次去查,这样可提高效率 |
| Concurrency | Shiro支持多线程应用的并发验证,即,如在一个线程中开启另一个线程,能把权限自动的传播过去 |
| Testting | 提供测试支持 |
| Run As | 允许一个用户假装为另一个用户(如果他们允许)的身份进行访问 |
| Remember Me | 记住我,可在一定时间内记录保持登录的状态。 |
Subject
Subject是应用代码直接交互的对象,也就是说Shiro的对外API核心就是Subject,Subject代表了当前的用户,这个用户不一定是具体的人,与当前应用交互的任何东西都是Subject,比如网络爬虫,、机器人等,与Subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager;Subject其实是一个门面,SecurityManager才是实际的执行者。
SecurityManager
SecurityManager称为安全管理器,即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SecurityManager交互,并且它管理者所有的Subject,所以它称作为Shiro的核心,它负责与Shiro的其他组件进行交互,相当于SpringMVC框架的DispatcherServlet的角色
Realm
1.2 Shiro内部架构Shiro从Realm获取安全数据(如用户、角色、权限),就是说SecurityManager要验证用户身份,那么它需要从Realm获取相应的用户进行比较,来确定用户的身份是否合法,也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色、权限,进行验证用户的操作是否能够进行,可以把Realm看成DataSource
| 模块 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| Subject | 任何可与应用交互的’用户‘ |
| Security Manager | 相当于SpringMVC中的DispatcherServlet;是Shiro的心脏,所有具体的交互都通过SecurityManager进行控制,它管理所有的Subject,且负责进行认证,授权,会话以及缓存的管理。 |
| Authenticator | 负责Subject认证,是一个扩展点,可以自定义实现,可以使用认证策略(Authentication Strategy),即什么情况下算用户认证通过了 |
| Authorizer | 授权器, 即访问控制器,用来决定主体是否有权限进行相应的操作;即空值着用户能访问应用中的那些功能 |
| Realm | 可以由一个或者多个的Realm,可以认为是安全实体数据源,即用于获取安全实体的,可以用JDBC实现,也可以是内存实现等等,由用户提供;所以一般在企业应用中都需要实现自己的realm |
| SessionManager | 管理Session生命周期的组件,而Shiro并不仅仅可以用在Web环境,也可以用在普通的JavaSE环境中 |
| CacheManager | 缓存控制器,来管理如用户,角色,权限等缓存的;因为这些数据基本上很少改变,放大缓存中后可以提高访问的性能 |
| Cryptography | 密码模块,Shiro提供了常见的加密组件用于密码加密、解密等 |
Shiro 官方-快速入门地址:点击访问
Shiro 1.8 版本下载地址:点击访问
解压从官方下载的Shiro 1.8.0资源
访问解压后的目录D:shiro1.8.0shiro-root-1.8.0samplesquickstartsrcmainresources
通过官方提供的快速入门Maven项目里的配置文件可以实现简单的应用
接下来的内容,部分是参考官方快速入门文档 ,大部分参考 视频资料
2.1 使用IDEA创建Maven项目,引入依赖贴一个官方快速入门案例的依赖pom.xml,方便做参考
org.apache.shiro.samples shiro-samples 1.8.0 ../pom.xml 4.0.0 samples-quickstart Apache Shiro :: Samples :: Quick Start jar org.codehaus.mojo exec-maven-plugin 1.6.0 java test Quickstart org.apache.shiro shiro-core org.slf4j jcl-over-slf4j runtime org.slf4j slf4j-log4j12 runtime log4j log4j runtime
测试Demo的依赖 pom.xml
2.2 配置Shiro4.0.0 com.uni shiro1 1.0-SNAPSHOT 8 8 org.apache.shiro shiro-core 1.8.0 log4j log4j 1.2.17 org.slf4j jcl-over-slf4j 1.6.1 org.slf4j slf4j-log4j12 1.6.1
这里是参考官方案例里的配置
配置日志文件 log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n # General Apache libraries log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN # Spring log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN # Default Shiro logging log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO # Disable verbose logging log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN
配置Shiro shiro.ini
[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5
2.3 测试运行官方的Quickstart实例
Quickstart.java
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class Quickstart {
private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
// The easiest way to create a Shiro SecurityManager with configured
// realms, users, roles and permissions is to use the simple INI config.
// We'll do that by using a factory that can ingest a .ini file and
// return a SecurityManager instance:
// Use the shiro.ini file at the root of the classpath
// (file: and url: prefixes load from files and urls respectively):
Factory factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
// for this simple example quickstart, make the SecurityManager
// accessible as a JVM singleton. Most applications wouldn't do this
// and instead rely on their container configuration or web.xml for
// webapps. That is outside the scope of this simple quickstart, so
// we'll just do the bare minimum so you can continue to get a feel
// for things.
SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
// Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:
// get the currently executing user:
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
// Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)
Session session = currentUser.getSession();
session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
if (value.equals("aValue")) {
log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
}
// let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:
if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
token.setRememberMe(true);
try {
currentUser.login(token);
} catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
} catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked. " +
"Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
}
// ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
//unexpected condition? error?
}
}
//say who they are:
//print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");
//test a role:
if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
} else {
log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
}
//test a typed permission (not instance-level)
if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring. Use it wisely.");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
}
//a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'. " +
"Here are the keys - have fun!");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
}
//all done - log out!
currentUser.logout();
System.exit(0);
}
}
运行结果:
第一步,通过配置文件进行初始化
在官方案例中读取配置文件部分:
Factoryfactory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini"); SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance(); SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
注:根据IDEA提示,IniSecurityManagerFactory类是过时的,说明有了其他更方便的用法,但这里不会影响使用
第二步,获取当前用户对象
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
第三步,通过当前用户拿到Session会话
Session session = currentUser.getSession();
session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
if (value.equals("aValue")) {
log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
}
第四步,进行用户验证
if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
// 生成Token令牌
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
// 设置及记录登录状态
token.setRememberMe(true);
try {
currentUser.login(token); // 执行登录操作
} catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
} catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked. " +
"Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
}
// ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
//unexpected condition? error?
}
}
第五步,输出当前用户登陆信息,判断用户角色
log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");
if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
} else {
log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
}
第六步,判断当前用户是否有wield权限、eagle5权限
//test a typed permission (not instance-level)
// 检测是否有权限 wield: 粗粒度
if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring. Use it wisely.");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
}
//a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
// 检测权限 eagle5: 细粒度
if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'. " +
"Here are the keys - have fun!");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
}
第七步,注销登陆,结束测试
currentUser.logout(); System.exit(0);三、Shrio MDK5
MDK5算法作用:加密或者签名
MDK5算法特点:(1)不可逆(2)若内容相同,无论执行多少次算法,生成的结果始终一致
MDK5算法生成结果:始终是一个16进制、32位长度的字符串
接下来通过一个简单的Demo,应用Shiro整合的MD5加密
package com.uni;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.Md5Hash;
public class TestShiroMD5 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Md5Hash md5Hash1 = new Md5Hash("uni");
Md5Hash md5Hash2 = new Md5Hash("uni");
System.out.println(md5Hash1.toHex());
System.out.println(md5Hash2.toHex());
// MD5 + salt
}
}
运行结果:
e52805d8344b67b9b3554d45f1c8958f e52805d8344b67b9b3554d45f1c8958f
解决MD5算法执行结果一致的问题:设置 salt参数
package com.uni;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.Md5Hash;
public class TestShiroMD5 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// MD5
Md5Hash md5Hash1 = new Md5Hash("uni");
Md5Hash md5Hash2 = new Md5Hash("uni", "haha");
System.out.println(md5Hash1.toHex());
System.out.println(md5Hash2.toHex());
// MD5 + salt
}
}
运行结果:
e52805d8344b67b9b3554d45f1c8958f 8b2d4072ed1273449708186d568f2ff6
除了加salt参数以外,还有一个参数可以提高安全性,即Hash散列次数
package com.uni;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.Md5Hash;
public class TestShiroMD5 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// MD5
Md5Hash md5Hash1 = new Md5Hash("uni");
// MD5 + salt
Md5Hash md5Hash2 = new Md5Hash("uni", "haha");
// MD5 + salt + 多次Hash散列
Md5Hash md5Hash3 = new Md5Hash("uni", "haha", 21);
System.out.println(md5Hash1.toHex());
System.out.println(md5Hash2.toHex());
System.out.println(md5Hash3.toHex());
}
}
运行结果:
e52805d8344b67b9b3554d45f1c8958f 8b2d4072ed1273449708186d568f2ff6 16c1bf99d04c5517f1ceac845f3388d53.1 Shiro 认证案例
经过之前的测试,已经知道了salt为haha,hash21次后的"uni"字符串对应的MD5加密算法后的内容,现写一个简单的案例应用Shiro实现加密验证,项目配置参考本篇之前的快速入门部分
UserRealm.java 负责授权与认证
package com.uni.md5.realm;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
// 授权,暂时不做测试
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
return null;
}
// 认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
// 获取身份信息
String principal =(String) token.getPrincipal();
// 模拟业务层
if("uni".equals(principal)){
// 参数1: 数据库用户名
// 参数2: 数据库 md5 + salt 之后的密码
// 参数3: 注册时的随机salt
// 参数4: realm的名称
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
principal,
"16c1bf99d04c5517f1ceac845f3388d5",
ByteSource.Util.bytes("haha"),
this.getName());
}
return null;
}
}
TestUserMd5RealmAuthenicator.java 负责测试Shiro身份认证的结果
package com.uni.md5.test;
import com.uni.md5.realm.UserRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
public class TestUserMd5RealmAuthenicator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 安全管理器
DefaultSecurityManager manager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
// 声明、配置、注入 realm
UserRealm realm = new UserRealm();
// 设置realm使用hash凭证匹配器
HashedCredentialsMatcher credentialsMatcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher();
// 指明md5加密算法
credentialsMatcher.setHashAlgorithmName("md5");
// 指明散列次数
credentialsMatcher.setHashIterations(21);
realm.setCredentialsMatcher(credentialsMatcher);
// 注入 realm
manager.setRealm(realm);
// 将安全管理器注入安全工具
SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(manager);
// 通过安全工具类获取subject,在web中是从前端传的参数里获取的用户名和密码
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("uni", "uni");
try {
subject.login(token);
System.out.println("登录成功");
} catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("用户名错误");
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("密码错误");
}
}
}
运行结果:
2022-02-08 18:25:07,728 INFO [org.apache.shiro.session.mgt.AbstractValidatingSessionManager] - Enabling session validation scheduler... 登录成功3.2 Shiro 授权案例
UserRealm.java
package com.uni.md5.realm;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
String primaryPrincipal = (String) principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();
// 根据身份信息、用户名,获取当前用户的角色信息,以及权限信息
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
// 将数据库中查询角色信息赋值给权限对象
info.addRole("admin");
info.addRole("user");
// 将数据库中查询权限信息赋值给权限对象
info.addStringPermission("user:*:01");
return info;
}
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
// 获取身份信息
String principal =(String) token.getPrincipal();
// 模拟业务层
if("uni".equals(principal)){
// 参数1: 数据库用户名
// 参数2: 数据库 md5 + salt 之后的密码
// 参数3: 注册时的随机salt
// 参数4: realm的名称
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
principal,
"16c1bf99d04c5517f1ceac845f3388d5",
ByteSource.Util.bytes("haha"),
this.getName());
}
return null;
}
}
TestUserMd5RealmAuthenicator.java
package com.uni.md5.test;
import com.uni.md5.realm.UserRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class TestUserMd5RealmAuthenicator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 安全管理器
DefaultSecurityManager manager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
// 声明、配置、注入 realm
UserRealm realm = new UserRealm();
// 设置realm使用hash凭证匹配器
HashedCredentialsMatcher credentialsMatcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher();
// 指明md5加密算法
credentialsMatcher.setHashAlgorithmName("md5");
// 指明散列次数
credentialsMatcher.setHashIterations(21);
realm.setCredentialsMatcher(credentialsMatcher);
// 注入 realm
manager.setRealm(realm);
// 将安全管理器注入安全工具
SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(manager);
// 通过安全工具类获取subject
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("uni", "uni");
try {
subject.login(token);
System.out.println("登录成功");
} catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("用户名错误");
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("密码错误");
}
// 认证用户进行授权
if(subject.isAuthenticated()){
// 基于角色进行权限控制
System.out.println(subject.hasRole("admin"));
System.out.println(subject.hasRole("user"));
// 基于多角色权限控制
System.out.println(subject.hasAllRoles(Arrays.asList("admin", "super")));
// 是否有其中一个角色
boolean[] b = subject.hasRoles(Arrays.asList("admin", "super", "user"));
for (boolean b1 : b) {
System.out.println(b1);
}
System.out.println("========================================");
// 基于权限字符串的访问控制, 资源标识符,操作: 资源类型
System.out.println("权限:" + subject.isPermitted("user:update:01"));
// 分别具有哪些权限
boolean[] permitted = subject.isPermitted("user:*:01", "commodity:*:*");
for (boolean b1 : permitted) {
System.out.println(b1);
}
// 同时具有哪些权限
subject.isPermittedAll("user:*:01", "product:*");
}
}
}
四、SpringBoot整合Shiro + Web + MyBatis + Thymeleaf案例
项目结构:
pom.xml
4.2 配置MyBatis4.0.0 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.6.3 com.uni springboot-shiro 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT springboot-shiro Demo project for Spring Boot 1.8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf org.apache.shiro shiro-spring 1.6.0 com.github.theborakompanioni thymeleaf-extras-shiro 2.0.0 mysql mysql-connector-java com.alibaba druid 1.1.9 org.mybatis.spring.boot mybatis-spring-boot-starter 2.1.3 org.projectlombok lombok org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
配置mybatis的接口映射文件扫描路径
application.properties
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.uni.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper
Map filterMap = new linkedHashMap<>();
// 授权, 正常情况下未授权,会跳转到未授权页面
filterMap.put("/user/add", "perms[user:add]");
filterMap.put("/user/*", "authc");
bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
// 设置登录的请求
bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
// 未授权页面
bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");
return bean;
}
// 2. DefaultWebSecurityManager(第二步)
@Bean(name="securityManager")
public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
// 关联 userRealm
securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
return securityManager;
}
// 3. 创建 Realm 对象,需自定义类。 (第一步)
@Bean
public UserRealm userRealm(){
return new UserRealm();
}
// 4. 整合 ShiroDialect: 用来整合 shiro thymeleaf
@Bean
public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
return new ShiroDialect();
}
}
UserRealm.java Shiro框架负责认证和授权的重要类,继承于AuthorizingRealm.java
package com.uni.config;
import com.uni.Service.UserService;
import com.uni.pojo.User;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
// 自定义的 UserRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Autowired
UserService userService;
// 授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("执行了授权方法 => doGetAuthorizationInfo ");
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal(); // 获取 User 对象
return info;
}
// 认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证方法 => doGetAuthenticationInfo");
Object principal = token.getPrincipal();
UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
// 连接数据库
User user = userService.queryUserByName("uni");
if(user == null) {
return null; // UnknownAccountException
}
Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
Session session = currentSubject.getSession();
session.setAttribute("loginUser", user);
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(principal, user.getPassword(), "");
}
}
4.5 运行测试
启动项目后,访问 hhttp://localhost:8080/
在未登录状态下,点击add或者update都会直接跳转到登陆页面
登陆页面输入密码错误会有错误提示
输入数据库里存在的用户登录后,再次跳转到首页
此时可正常访问add和update
4.6 小结此案例是参考第一个视频资料的,主要实现了多个框架的简单整合,对于Shiro的简单运用,要点如下:
Reaml模块负责于数据库交互,通过token进行参数传递,继承于AuthorizingRealm.java类,对用户实现授权与认证SecurityManager模块用于设置权限访问的问题,通过注入ShiroFilterFactoryBean配置安全管理器,通过注入DefaultWebSecurityManager关联传递的形参Reaml,还需注入之前Realm模块编写的类Shrio整合Thymleaf除了要引入依赖以外,还需要在Shiro配置类里注入ShiroDiealect对象的Bean,从而支持在html页面直接使用shiro相关的标签,进行权限判断、角色判断等操作SpringMVC使用Shiro主要在业务层,而案例中是直接写在控制层,其实在Service层会比较清晰明了,因为它的认证和授权有跟DAO层交互的部分。



