hive从3.0.0开始提供hive metastore单独服务作为像presto、flink、spark等组件的元数据中心。但是默认情况下hive metastore在启动之后是不需要进行认证就可以访问的。所以本文基于大数据组件中流行的kerberos认证方式，对hive metastore进行认证配置。
如果您还不了解如何单独启用hive metastore服务，那么您可以参考下述文章。
Presto使用Docker独立运行Hive Standalone metastore管理MinIO（S3）
kdc安装已知安装kdc的主机的hostname为：hadoop
yum install -y krb5-server krb5-libs krb5-auth-dialog krb5-workstation修改配置文件
修改/var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kdc.conf，默认内容为
[kdcdefaults]
kdc_ports = 88
kdc_tcp_ports = 88
[realms]
EXAMPLE.COM = {
#master_key_type = aes256-cts
acl_file = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl
dict_file = /usr/share/dict/words
admin_keytab = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.keytab
supported_enctypes = aes256-cts:normal aes128-cts:normal des3-hmac-sha1:normal arcfour-hmac:normal camellia256-cts:normal camellia128-cts:normal des-hmac-sha1:normal des-cbc-md5:normal des-cbc-crc:normal
}
可修改EXAMPLE.COM为您自己设定的域，例如本文将此设置为BIGDATATOAI.COM
[kdcdefaults]
kdc_ports = 88
kdc_tcp_ports = 88
[realms]
BIGDATATOAI.COM = {
#master_key_type = aes256-cts
acl_file = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl
dict_file = /usr/share/dict/words
admin_keytab = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.keytab
supported_enctypes = aes256-cts:normal aes128-cts:normal des3-hmac-sha1:normal arcfour-hmac:normal camellia256-cts:normal camellia128-cts:normal des-hmac-sha1:normal des-cbc-md5:normal des-cbc-crc:normal
}
修改/etc/krb5.conf，默认文件为
# Configuration snippets may be placed in this directory as well
includedir /etc/krb5.conf.d/
[logging]
default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log
kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log
admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log
[libdefaults]
dns_lookup_realm = false
ticket_lifetime = 24h
renew_lifetime = 7d
forwardable = true
rdns = false
pkinit_anchors = FILE:/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
# default_realm = EXAMPLE.COM
default_ccache_name = KEYRING:persistent:%{uid}
[realms]
# EXAMPLE.COM = {
# kdc = kerberos.example.com
# admin_server = kerberos.example.com
# }
[domain_realm]
# .example.com = EXAMPLE.COM
# example.com = EXAMPLE.COM
修改为如下所示，其中，将域设置为BIGDATATOAI.COM，kdc和admin_server设置为hadoop
# Configuration snippets may be placed in this directory as well
includedir /etc/krb5.conf.d/
[logging]
default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log
kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log
admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log
[libdefaults]
dns_lookup_realm = false
ticket_lifetime = 24h
renew_lifetime = 7d
forwardable = true
rdns = false
pkinit_anchors = FILE:/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
default_realm = BIGDATATOAI.COM
default_ccache_name = KEYRING:persistent:%{uid}
[realms]
BIGDATATOAI.COM = {
kdc = hadoop
admin_server = hadoop
}
[domain_realm]
初始化kerberos数据库
kdb5_util create -s -r BIGDATATOAI.COM
初始化过程中会要求重复输入kdc数据库的master key，请输入该master key。
[root@hadoop data]# kdb5_util create -s -r BIGDATATOAI.COM Loading random data Initializing database '/var/kerberos/krb5kdc/principal' for realm 'BIGDATATOAI.COM', master key name 'K/M@BIGDATATOAI.COM' You will be prompted for the database Master Password. It is important that you NOT FORGET this password. Enter KDC database master key: Re-enter KDC database master key to verify:添加管理员用户
kadmin.local
在添加过程中会要求重复输入用户的密码，请输入该密码两次即可。
[root@hadoop data]# kadmin.local Authenticating as principal root/admin@BIGDATATOAI.COM with password. kadmin.local: addprinc admin/admin@BIGDATATOAI.COM WARNING: no policy specified for admin/admin@BIGDATATOAI.COM; defaulting to no policy Enter password for principal "admin/admin@BIGDATATOAI.COM": Re-enter password for principal "admin/admin@BIGDATATOAI.COM": Principal "admin/admin@BIGDATATOAI.COM" created.
修改/var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl，设置为
*/admin@BIGDATATOAI.COM *启动相关服务
systemctl start krb5kdc systemctl start kadmin使用管理员用户添加principal
kadmin -p admin/admin
进入kadmin客户端之后，添加hive-metastore/hadoop@BIGDATATOAI.COM这个principal。在添加过程中会要求重复输入用户的密码，请输入该密码两次即可。
[root@hadoop data]# kadmin -p admin/admin Authenticating as principal admin/admin with password. Password for admin/admin@BIGDATATOAI.COM: kadmin: add_principal hive-metastore/hadoop WARNING: no policy specified for hive-metastore/hadoop@BIGDATATOAI.COM; defaulting to no policy Enter password for principal "hive-metastore/hadoop@BIGDATATOAI.COM": Re-enter password for principal "hive-metastore/hadoop@BIGDATATOAI.COM": Principal "hive-metastore/hadoop@BIGDATATOAI.COM" created.
导出principal
kadmin: xst -t /root/hive-metastore.keytab -norandkey hive-metastore/hadoop kadmin: Principal -t does not exist. kadmin: Principal /root/hive-metastore.keytab does not exist. kadmin: Principal -norandkey does not exist. Entry for principal hive-metastore/hadoop with kvno 2, encryption type aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 added to keytab FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab. Entry for principal hive-metastore/hadoop with kvno 2, encryption type aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 added to keytab FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab. Entry for principal hive-metastore/hadoop with kvno 2, encryption type des3-cbc-sha1 added to keytab FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab. Entry for principal hive-metastore/hadoop with kvno 2, encryption type arcfour-hmac added to keytab FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab. Entry for principal hive-metastore/hadoop with kvno 2, encryption type camellia256-cts-cmac added to keytab FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab. Entry for principal hive-metastore/hadoop with kvno 2, encryption type camellia128-cts-cmac added to keytab FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab. Entry for principal hive-metastore/hadoop with kvno 2, encryption type des-hmac-sha1 added to keytab FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab. Entry for principal hive-metastore/hadoop with kvno 2, encryption type des-cbc-md5 added to keytab FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab.hive metastore配置kerberos认证
修改metastore-site.xml
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.3:3306/metastore_2?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName com.mysql.jdbc.Driver javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName root javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword password hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth false metastore.thrift.uris thrift://localhost:9083 Thrift URI for the remote metastore. Used by metastore client to connect to remote metastore. metastore.task.threads.always org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.events.EventCleanerTask metastore.expression.proxy org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.DefaultPartitionexpressionProxy metastore.warehouse.dir files:///user/hive/warehouse hive.metastore.authentication.type kerberos hive.metastore.thrift.impersonation.enabled true hive.metastore.kerberos.principal hive-metastore/hadoop@BIGDATATOAI.COM hive.metastore.sasl.enabled true hive.metastore.kerberos.keytab.file /etc/hive/conf/hive-metastore.keytab
由于hive-metastore的kerberos服务依赖于hdfs组件，所以还需要在core-site.xml中新增如下配置：
hadoop.proxyuser.hive-metastore.groups * hadoop.proxyuser.hive-metastore.hosts * hadoop.security.authorization true hadoop.security.auth_to_local RULE:[2:$1@$0](hive-metastore/.*@.*BIGDATATOAI.COM)s/.*/hive-metastore/ DEFAULT hadoop.security.authentication kerberos
接下来便可以启动hive metastore
bin/start-metastore
此时直接通过Java API对该HIve metastore进行访问，如何通过Java API对HIve metastore进行访问可参考：通过Java API获取Hive metastore中的元数据信息
package com.zh.ch.bigdata.hms;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ImetaStoreClient;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingmetaStoreClient;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.metaException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class HMSClient {
public static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HMSClient.class);
public static ImetaStoreClient init(Configuration conf) throws metaException {
try {
return RetryingmetaStoreClient.getProxy(conf, false);
} catch (metaException e) {
LOGGER.error("hms连接失败", e);
throw e;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.set("hive.metastore.uris", "thrift://192.168.241.134:9083");
// conf.addResource("hive-site.xml");
ImetaStoreClient client = HMSClient.init(conf);
System.out.println("----------------------------获取所有catalogs-------------------------------------");
client.getCatalogs().forEach(System.out::println);
System.out.println("------------------------获取catalog为hive的描述信息--------------------------------");
System.out.println(client.getCatalog("hive").toString());
System.out.println("--------------------获取catalog为hive的所有database-------------------------------");
client.getAllDatabases("hive").forEach(System.out::println);
}
}
得到结果
可见如果不通过kerberos认证的话，是无法访问hive metastore的。
