零、人在月球

目录

零、人在月球

一、功能简介

1、网关是一个服务：

二、Gateway 断言

1、path断言

2、Query断言

3、Method断言

4、Host断言

5、cookie断言

6、Header断言

7、Weight 权重路由

8、After 时间路由

9、Before 时间路由

10、Between时间区间路由

11、灰度发布

三、Gateway 过滤器

1、增加header 请求头

2、新增动态header请求头

3、设置请求头 过滤器配置，修改移除请求头

4、PreserverHostHeader

5、重写response加密密码

6、response去重

7、路径带前缀 请求/get/app 其实是/prefix/get

8、配置30几 跳转到指定地址

9、修改状态码

10、转发地址

11、去掉增加 请求路径中部分层级

12、重试过滤器

13、过滤器设置请求大小

14、spring-session

15、默认filter

四、熔断机制 

1、老熔断

2、熔断机制-新的

五、限流配置

1、增加依赖

2、配置redis：spring.redis.database:XX

3、配置keyResolver，参考类RateLimiteConfig

4、ym配置spring.cloud.gateway.routes

5、当发生限流，会向redis存储两个数据 .限流返回状态码是429

6、配置文件RateLimiteConfig.java

六、自定义谓词配置类

1、配置类UserNameCheckRoutePredicateFactory.java

2、配置项

七、自定义过滤器

1、配置类

pre配置类

post过滤器

3、配置文件

八、全局过滤器

九、网关超时配置

十、元数据 metadata

十一、gateway内置API与跨域

1、API说明：

2、打开端点配置

3、跨域请求：

---

一、功能简介

1、网关是一个服务：

路由：使用webflux、缓存、权重和灰度发布、随机算法

过滤器：有序

限流：内置令牌桶+Redis 整合GoogleGuava

权限

hystrix 熔断

声明周期

二、Gateway 断言

断言：predicates 多断言可以配合使用

1、path断言

predicates:

        -Path=/mg

2、Query断言

参数值可以写正则，也可以只写参数名

predicates:

        -Query=foo,ba.

3、Method断言

predicates:

        -Method=get

4、Host断言

predicates:

        -Host=mashibing.com

5、cookie断言

predicates:

        -cookie=name,yiming

6、Header断言

predicates:

        -Header=reqId,9090d+ #正则表达式d+ 数字

7、Weight 权重路由

- id: weight2
  uri: http://localhost:6601
  predicates:
    - Path=/api
@Configuration
public class RateLimiteConfig{

    //ip限流  1s 100次
    //userId限流 1s 100次
    //路径限流
    @Bean
    @Primary  #如果不使用 @Primary 注解，项目启动会报错
    public KeyResolver pathKeyResolver(){
        //写法1
//        return exchange-> Mono.just(
//                exchange.getRequest()
//                .getPath()
//                .toString()
//        );
        //写法2
        return new KeyResolver(){
            @Override
            public Mono resolve(ServerWebExchange exchange){
                return Mono.just(exchange.getRequest()
                .getPath()
                .toString());
            }
        };
    }
    //根据请求IP限流
    @Bean
    public KeyResolver ipKeyResolver(){
        return exchange -> Mono.just(
                exchange.getRequest()
                .getRemoteAddress()
                .getHostName()
        );
    }
    //根据userid限流
    @Bean
    public KeyResolver userKeyResolver(){
        return exchange -> Mono.just(
                exchange.getRequest()
                .getQueryParams()
                .getFirst("userId")
        );
    }
}

六、自定义谓词配置类

可以保存数据库，存储。

1、配置类UserNameCheckRoutePredicateFactory.java

package com.pig4cloud.pig.demo.util;

import com.mysql.cj.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.handler.predicate.AbstractRoutePredicateFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotEmpty;
import java.util.function.Predicate;


@Component
public class UserNameCheckRoutePredicateFactory extends AbstractRoutePredicateFactory {

    public UserNameCheckRoutePredicateFactory(){
        super(Config.class);
    }
    @Override
    public Predicate apply(UserNameCheckRoutePredicateFactory.Config config) {
        //写法1
        return new Predicate() {
            @Override
            public boolean test(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
                String userName = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("userName");
                if(StringUtils.isNullOrEmpty(userName)){
                    return false;
                }
                //检查请求参数中userName是否与配置的数据相同，如果相同则允许访问，否则不允许访问
                if(userName.equals(config.getName())){
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        };
    }

    @Validated
    public static class Config{
        @NotEmpty
        private String name;

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    }
}

2、配置项

spring.cloud.gateway
routes：
    -id: Auth_route
     uri: lb://mima-cloud-producer
     order:1
     predicates:
        -Path= 
@Component
public class MyAddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory {
    public MyAddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory(){super(Config.class);}

    @Override
    public GatewayFilter apply(Config config){
        //写法一
//        return new GatewayFilter() {
//            @Override
//            public Mono filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
//                System.out.println("MyAddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory.apply is run...");
//                //exchange.getRequest().mutate() //目的是转化为装饰类，否则request为只读的，不能操作
//                //header方法用来设置header的值
//                ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest().mutate().header(config.getName(),config.getValue()).build();
//                //将request包裹继续向下传递
//                return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(request).build());
//            }
//        }
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            System.out.println("MyAddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory.apply is run...");
            //exchange.getRequest().mutate() //目的是转化为装饰类，否则request为只读的，不能操作
            //header方法用来设置header的值
            ServerHttpRequest request=exchange.getRequest().mutate().header(config.getName(),config.getValue()).build();
            return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(request).build());
             //response可以直接写
//            exchange.getResponse().getHeaders().set(config.getName(),config.getValue());
//            return chain.filter(exchange);
        };
    }

    @Validated
    public static class Config{
        @NotEmpty
        private String name;
        @NotEmpty
        private String value;

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public String getValue() {
            return value;
        }

        public void setValue(String value) {
            this.value = value;
        }
    }
}

post过滤器

@Component
public class PostLogGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory {
    @Override
    public GatewayFilter apply(Object config){
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            return chain.filter(exchange).then(Mono.fromRunnable(()-> {
                System.out.println("PostLogGatewayFilterFactory is run...");
            }));
        };
    }
}

3、配置文件

spring.cloud.gateway.routes
-id: MyFilter
uri: lb://mima-cloud
order: 1
predicates:
    -Path=
@Configuration
public class GlobalFilterConfig {
    //order 越小，越先执行
    @Bean
    @Order(-1)
    public GlobalFilter globalFilter1(){
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            System.out.println("pro filter globalFilter1...");
            return chain.filter(exchange).then(Mono.fromRunnable(()->{
                System.out.println("post filter globalFilter1...");
            }));
        };
    }
    @Bean
    @Order(1)
    public GlobalFilter globalFilter2(){
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            System.out.println("pro filter globalFilter2...");
            return chain.filter(exchange).then(Mono.fromRunnable(()->{
                System.out.println("post filter globalFilter2...");
            }));
        };
    }
}

应答顺序为：pro filter globalFilter1...

pro filter globalFilter2...

post filter globalFilter2...

post filter globalFilter1...

九、网关超时配置

spring.cloud.gateway.httpclient.connect-timeout=1000 #连接超时 毫秒

spring.cloud.gateway.httpclient.response-timeout=5s #应答超时 java.time.Duration http状态码504

十、元数据 metadata

十一、gateway内置API与跨域

1、API说明：

/actuator/gateway/routes/{id} ,method=[DELETE] 删除单个路由

/actuator/gateway/routes/{id},method=[POST] 新增单个路由

/actuator/gateway/routes/{id},method=[GET] 查看单个路由

/actuator/gateway/routes ，method=[GET] 查看路由列表

/actuator/gateway/refresh,method=[POST] 路由刷新

/actuator/gateway/globalfilters,method=[GET]获取全局过滤器列表

/actuator/gateway/routefilters,method=[GET] 路由过滤器工厂列表

2、打开端点配置

management.endpoint.gateway.enabled=true

3、跨域请求：

配置文件-直接引用即可

package com.pig4cloud.pig.demo.util;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.CorsUtils;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilterChain;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {
    private static final String MAX_AGE="18000L";
 
    @Bean
    public WebFilter corsFilter(){
        return (ServerWebExchange ctx, WebFilterChain chain)->{
            System.out.println("corsFilter...  run");
            ServerHttpRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
            if(!CorsUtils.isCorsRequest(request)){
                return chain.filter(ctx);
            }
            HttpHeaders requestHeaders=request.getHeaders();
            ServerHttpResponse response = ctx.getResponse();
            HttpMethod requestMethod= requestHeaders.getAccessControlRequestMethod();
            HttpHeaders headers=response.getHeaders();
            headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS, requestHeaders.getOrigin());
            headers.addAll(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_HEADERS, requestHeaders.getAccessControlAllowHeaders());
            if(requestMethod!=null){
                headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS,requestMethod.name());
            }
            //携带cookie
            headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS, "true");
            headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_EXPOSE_HEADERS,"*");
            headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_MAX_AGE, MAX_AGE);
            if(request.getMethod() == HttpMethod.OPTIONS){
                response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.OK);
                return Mono.empty();
            }
            return chain.filter(ctx);
        };
    }
}

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