线程基础
- 一、实现多线程的方式有哪些?
- 1.1 继承Thread类
- 1.2 实现Runnable接口
- 1.3 实现Callable接口
- 二、设置和获取线程名称
- 三、线程休眠
- 四、线程优先级
一、实现多线程的方式有哪些?
1.1 继承Thread类
- 实现步骤
1.定义一个MyThread继承Thread类
2.在MyThread类中重写run()方法
3.创建MyThread类对象
4.启动线程 - 代码演示
public class MyThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i=0; i<100; i++) {
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}
public class MyThreadDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyThread my1 = new MyThread();
MyThread my2 = new MyThread();
//void start() 导致此线程开始执行; Java虚拟机调用此线程的run方法
my1.start();
my2.start();
}
}
- 方法介绍
注意:run只是调用了一个方法并没有创建新的线程,输出语句是在原线程中执行的,但start方法,是创建了一个新的线程,由新的线程来这行输出语句
1.2 实现Runnable接口
- 实现步骤
1.定义一个类MyRunnable实现Runnable接口
2.在MyRunnable类中重写run()方法
3.创建MyRunnable类的对象
4.创建Thread类的对象,把MyRunnable对象作为构造方法的参数
5.启动线程 - 代码演示
public class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i=0; i<100; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+i);
}
}
}
public class MyRunnableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建MyRunnable类的对象
MyRunnable my = new MyRunnable();
//创建Thread类的对象,把MyRunnable对象作为构造方法的参数
//Thread(Runnable target)
// Thread t1 = new Thread(my);
// Thread t2 = new Thread(my);
//Thread(Runnable target, String name)
Thread t1 = new Thread(my,"坦克");
Thread t2 = new Thread(my,"飞机");
//启动线程
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}
1.3 实现Callable接口
- 实现步骤
1.定义一个类MyCallable实现Callable接口
2.在MyCallable类中重写call()方法
3.创建MyCallable类的对象
4.创建Future的实现类FutureTask对象,把MyCallable对象作为构造方法的参数
5.创建Thread类的对象,把FutureTask对象作为构造方法的参数
6.启动线程
7.再调用get方法,就可以获取线程结束之后的结果 - 代码演示
public class MyCallable implements Callable {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println("跟女孩表白" + i);
}
//返回值就表示线程运行完毕之后的结果
return "答应";
}
}
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
//线程开启之后需要执行里面的call方法
MyCallable mc = new MyCallable();
//Thread t1 = new Thread(mc);
//可以获取线程执行完毕之后的结果.也可以作为参数传递给Thread对象
FutureTask ft = new FutureTask<>(mc);
//创建线程对象
Thread t1 = new Thread(ft);
String s = ft.get();
//开启线程
t1.start();
//String s = ft.get();
System.out.println(s);
}
}
二、设置和获取线程名称
public class MyThread extends Thread {
public MyThread() {}
public MyThread(String name) {
super(name);
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println(getName()+":"+i);
}
}
}
public class MyThreadDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyThread my1 = new MyThread();
MyThread my2 = new MyThread();
//void setName(String name):将此线程的名称更改为等于参数 name
my1.setName("高铁");
my2.setName("飞机");
//Thread(String name)
MyThread my1 = new MyThread("高铁");
MyThread my2 = new MyThread("飞机");
my1.start();
my2.start();
//static Thread currentThread() 返回对当前正在执行的线程对象的引用
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
三、线程休眠
public class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "---" + i);
}
}
}
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
MyRunnable mr = new MyRunnable();
Thread t1 = new Thread(mr);
Thread t2 = new Thread(mr);
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}
四、线程优先级
public class MyCallable implements Callable {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "---" + i);
}
return "线程执行完毕了";
}
}
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//优先级: 1 - 10 默认值:5
MyCallable mc = new MyCallable();
FutureTask ft = new FutureTask<>(mc);
Thread t1 = new Thread(ft);
t1.setName("飞机");
t1.setPriority(10);
//System.out.println(t1.getPriority());//5
t1.start();
MyCallable mc2 = new MyCallable();
FutureTask ft2 = new FutureTask<>(mc2);
Thread t2 = new Thread(ft2);
t2.setName("坦克");
t2.setPriority(1);
//System.out.println(t2.getPriority());//5
t2.start();
}
}