【数据库-学生信息管理系统】

文章目录

开发小型的学生信息管理系统
- 实验要求
- - 1.学生信息管理系统主界面
  - 2.数据库university中表student的示例
  - 3.核心代码展示
  - - ==**主界面StudentManagement**==
    - ==**录入界面Add**==
    - ==**查询界面Query**==
    - ==**更新界面 Update**==
    - ==**删除界面 Update**==
    - ==**加载JDBC**==
  - 4.界面展示
  - - 1.录入界面
    - 2.查询界面
    - 3.更新界面
    - 4.删除界面

开发小型的学生信息管理系统实验要求

需求分析（系统的功能设计）
绘制E-R图
创建数据库
用JAVA开发该系统的前端
连接数据库
要求该系统有对数据库的增、删、改、查的功能。

1.学生信息管理系统主界面

2.数据库university中表student的示例

3.核心代码展示主界面StudentManagement

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;


public class StudentManagement extends Jframe implements ActionListener{
	JMenuBar bar = null;
	JMenu menu1,menu2,menu3,menu4,menu5;  //  菜单栏
	JMenuItem item1,item2,item3,item4,item5;  // 项目栏  
	Add zengjia;          //增加页面
	Query chaxun;       //查询页面
	Update gengxin;  //更新页面
	Delete shanchu;  //删除页面
	JDBCTest ceshi;//JDBC
	 
	StudentManagement(){
		super("学 生 信 息 管 理 系 统");
		zengjia = new Add();
		chaxun = new Query();       //创建各自的对象
		gengxin = new Update();    //创建各自的对象
		shanchu = new Delete();   //创建各自的对象
		ceshi = new JDBCTest();  //创建各自的对象      
		bar = new JMenuBar();
		menu1 = new JMenu("信息录入");
		menu2 = new JMenu("信息查询");
		menu3 = new JMenu("信息更新");
		menu4 = new JMenu("信息删除");
		menu5 = new JMenu("退出系统");
		item1 = new JMenuItem("录  入");
		item2 = new JMenuItem("查  询");
		item3 = new JMenuItem("更  新");
		item4 = new JMenuItem("删  除");
		item5 = new JMenuItem("退  出");
		
		menu1.add(item1);
		menu2.add(item2);
		menu3.add(item3);
		menu4.add(item4);//定义
		menu5.add(item5);
		
		bar.add(menu1);
		bar.add(menu2);
		bar.add(menu3);//定义
		bar.add(menu4);
		bar.add(menu5);
		
		setJMenuBar(bar);
		
		item1.addActionListener(this);
		item2.addActionListener(this);
		item3.addActionListener(this);
		item4.addActionListener(this);
		item5.addActionListener(this);
		
		JLabel label = new JLabel("学生信息管理系统",JLabel.CENTER);
		JLabel labe2 = new JLabel("欢迎登陆",JLabel.LEFT);
		label.setFont(new Font("学生信息管理系统",0,35));
		labe2.setFont(new Font("欢迎登陆",0,18));
		String s = " ";
		Font f = new Font(s,Font.BOLD,60);
		label.setBackground(new Color(200,200,200));
		label.setForeground(new Color(30,144,255));
		add(label,"Center");
		
		setVisible(true);
		add(labe2,"South");
		setVisible(true);
		setSize(400,400);
		
		
	}
	
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
		
		if(e.getSource() == item1){  
			this.getContentPane().removeAll();
			this.getContentPane().add(zengjia,"Center");
			this.getContentPane().repaint();
			this.getContentPane().validate();	
		}
		
		if(e.getSource() == item2){
			this.getContentPane().removeAll();
			this.getContentPane().add(chaxun,"Center");
			this.getContentPane().repaint();
			this.getContentPane().validate();	
		}		
		
		if(e.getSource() == item3){
			this.getContentPane().removeAll();
			this.getContentPane().add(gengxin,"Center");
			this.getContentPane().repaint();
			this.getContentPane().validate();	
	    }
		
		if(e.getSource() == item4){
			this.getContentPane().removeAll();
			this.getContentPane().add(shanchu,"Center");
			this.getContentPane().repaint();
			this.getContentPane().validate();		
        }
		
	    if(e.getSource() == item5){
	    	System.exit(0);
	    }
	}
	
	public static void main(String args[]){
		StudentManagement stuM = new StudentManagement();
		stuM.setVisible(true);
		stuM.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){
			public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){
				System.exit(0);
			}
		});
		}
	}

录入界面Add

import java.sql.*;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;


public class Add extends JPanel implements ActionListener{
  Connection con; //与特定数据库的连接
  Statement sql; //用于执行静态 SQL 语句并返回它所生成结果的对象。
  JButton b1,b2;
  JTextField tf1,tf2,tf3,tf4,tf5,tf6;
  Box baseBox,bv1,bv2;
  Add(){
   try{	//异常处理
    Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");	//通过 Class.forName为数据库管理系统加载一个JDBC驱动程序。
    }
   catch(ClassNotFoundException e){}		//如果加载驱动失败 控制台抛出异常
    try{									//如果加载驱动成功， 调用驱动连接特定数据库
     con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");
     //数据库的地址
     sql=con.createStatement();  //调取con成员方法获取Statement对象
    }
    catch(SQLException ee){}
    
    //设置面板布局 为边框布局
   setLayout(new BorderLayout());
   JPanel p1=new JPanel();
   JPanel p2=new JPanel();//创建两个布局对象
   tf1=new JTextField(16);
   tf2=new JTextField(16);
   tf3=new JTextField(16);
   tf4=new JTextField(16);
   tf5=new JTextField(16);
   tf6=new JTextField(16);
   b1=new JButton("录入");  
   b2=new JButton("重置");
   
   b1.setBackground(new Color(240,230,140));
   b1.setForeground(new Color(30,144,255));
   b2.setForeground(new Color(199,21,133));
   b2.setBackground(new Color(255,215,0));
   
   b1.addActionListener(this);
   b2.addActionListener(this);
   p1.add(b1);
   p1.add(b2);
   bv1=Box.createVerticalBox();
   bv1.add(new JLabel("学号"));
   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv1.add(new JLabel("姓名"));
   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv1.add(new JLabel("性别"));
   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv1.add(new JLabel("地址"));
   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv1.add(new JLabel("电话"));
   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv1.add(new JLabel("专业"));
   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   
   //创建第二个box
   bv2=Box.createVerticalBox();
   bv2.add(tf1);
   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv2.add(tf2);
   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv2.add(tf3);
   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv2.add(tf4);
   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv2.add(tf5);
   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   bv2.add(tf6);
   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
   
   baseBox=Box.createHorizontalBox();
   baseBox.add(bv1);
   baseBox.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
   baseBox.add(bv2);
   
   p2.add(baseBox);//将box写入p2模块
   add(p1,"South");
   add(p2,"Center");
   
   setSize(400,400);
   setBackground(Color.pink);
  }
  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
   if(e.getSource()==b1){
    try{ insert();}
    catch(SQLException ee){}
    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"数据已入库!","提示对话框",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
   }
   else if(e.getSource()==b2){
       tf1.setText(" ");
       tf2.setText(" ");
       tf3.setText(" ");
       tf4.setText(" ");
       tf5.setText(" ");
       tf6.setText(" ");
   }
  }
  public void insert() throws SQLException{
   String s1="'"+tf1.getText().trim()+"'";
   String s2="'"+tf2.getText().trim()+"'";
   String s3="'"+tf3.getText().trim()+"'";
   String s4="'"+tf4.getText().trim()+"'";
   String s5="'"+tf5.getText().trim()+"'";
   String s6="'"+tf6.getText().trim()+"'";
   
    con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");//建立链接
   
    String temp="INSERT INTO student VALUES ("+s1+","+s2+","+s3+","+s4+","+s5+","+s6+")";
    sql.executeUpdate(temp);
   con.close();//关闭结果集
  }
}

查询界面Query

import java.sql.*;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;


public class Query extends JPanel implements ActionListener{
	Connection con;
	Statement sql;
	JTextField t1,t2,t3,t4,t5,t6;//返回内容
	JButton b;
	Box baseBox,bv1,bv2; //box
	int flag = 0;
	Query(){
		try{
			Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
		}
		catch(ClassNotFoundException e){}
		try{
			con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");
			sql = con.createStatement();
		}
		catch(SQLException ee){}
		
		setLayout (new BorderLayout());
		b = new JButton("查询");
		b.setBackground(Color.orange);
		b.addActionListener(this);
		t1 = new JTextField(8);
		t2 = new JTextField(16);
		t3 = new JTextField(16);
		t4= new JTextField(16);
		t5 = new JTextField(16);
		t6 = new JTextField(16);
		t2.setEditable(false);
		t3.setEditable(false);
		t4.setEditable(false);
		t5.setEditable(false);
		t6.setEditable(false);
		
		JPanel p1 = new JPanel(),p2 = new JPanel();
		p1.add(new JLabel("请输入要查询学生的学号："));
		p1.add(t1);
		p1.add(b);
		
		bv1 = Box.createVerticalBox();
		bv1.add(new JLabel("姓名"));
		bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		bv1.add(new JLabel("性别"));
		bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		bv1.add(new JLabel("地址"));
		bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		bv1.add(new JLabel("电话"));
		bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		bv1.add(new JLabel("专业"));
		bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		
		bv2 = Box.createVerticalBox();
		bv2.add(t2);
		bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		bv2.add(t3);
		bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		bv2.add(t4);
		bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		bv2.add(t5);
		bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		bv2.add(t6);
		bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		
		baseBox = Box.createHorizontalBox();
		baseBox.add(bv1);
		baseBox.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
		baseBox.add(bv2);
		p2.add(baseBox);
		add(p1,"North");
		add(p2,"Center");
		setSize(400,400);
		setBackground(Color.white);
	}
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
		flag = 0;
		try{query();}
		catch(SQLException ee){}
	}
	public void query() throws SQLException{
		String num,name,gender,address,phone,major;
		con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");//建立
		num = t1.getText().trim();
		ResultSet rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT* FROM student WHERe id = '"+ num +"'");		//结果集
	
		if(rs.next()){//检测有输入
			name = rs.getString("name");
			gender = rs.getString("gender");
			address = rs.getString("address");
			phone = rs.getString("phone");
			major = rs.getString("major");
			t2.setText(name);
			t3.setText(gender);
			t4.setText(address);
			t5.setText(phone);
			t6.setText(major);
			flag = 1;			
		}else{
			JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"没有该学生!","提示对话框",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
		}
		con.close();//关闭结果集
		if(flag == 0){t1.setText("没有该学生");}		
	}
}

更新界面 Update

import java.awt.event.*;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.Box;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;



public class Update extends JPanel implements ActionListener{
	Connection con;
	Statement sql;
	JTextField t1,t2,t3,t4,t5,t6;
	JButton b1,b2,b3;
	Box baseBox,bv1,bv2;
	Update(){
		try{
			Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
		}
		catch(ClassNotFoundException e){}
		try{
			con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");
			sql = con.createStatement();
		}
		catch(SQLException ee){}
		//设置面板布局 为边框布局
		   setLayout(new BorderLayout());
		   JPanel p1=new JPanel();  //顶部
		   JPanel p2=new JPanel();  //中间内容
		   JPanel p3=new JPanel();  //底部按钮
		
		   t1=new JTextField(8);
		   t2=new JTextField(16);
		   t3=new JTextField(16);
		   t4=new JTextField(16);  //创建框
		   t5=new JTextField(16);
		   t6=new JTextField(16);
		   
		   b1=new JButton("查找");
		   b1.setBackground(Color.green);  //查找功能--属于p1模块
		   
		   b2=new JButton("更新");
		   b2.setBackground(Color.orange);
		   b3=new JButton("取消");      //更新取消功能--属于p3模块
		   b3.setBackground(Color.PINK);
		   
		   b1.addActionListener(this);
		   b2.addActionListener(this);  //插入
		   b3.addActionListener(this);
		   
		   p1.add(new JLabel("请输入要修改学生的学号："));
		   p1.add(t1);
		   p1.add(b1);  //p1模块内容
		   
		   p3.add(b2);
		   p3.add(b3);  //p3模块内容写入
		   
		   //创建box bv1---提示文字
		   bv1=Box.createVerticalBox();
		   bv1.add(new JLabel("姓名"));
		   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   bv1.add(new JLabel("性别"));
		   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   bv1.add(new JLabel("地址"));
		   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   bv1.add(new JLabel("电话"));
		   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   bv1.add(new JLabel("专业"));
		   bv1.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		 //创建box bv2---填写信息交给T
		   bv2=Box.createVerticalBox();
		   bv2.add(t2);
		   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   bv2.add(t3);
		   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   bv2.add(t4);
		   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   bv2.add(t5);
		   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   bv2.add(t6);
		   bv2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(8));
		   baseBox=Box.createHorizontalBox();
		   
		   baseBox.add(bv1);
		   baseBox.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
		   baseBox.add(bv2);
		   
		   p2.add(baseBox);//中间内容---p2模块
		   
		   add(p1,"North");
		   add(p2,"Center");  //设置位置顶部中间底部三部分显示
		   add(p3,"South");
		   
		   setSize(400,400);          //设置大小
		   setBackground(Color.pink); //颜色
		  
	}

	
	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		if(e.getSource()==b1) {
			try {
				String num,name,gender,address,phone,major;
				con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456"); //建立
				num=t1.getText().trim();
				ResultSet rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT* FROM student WHERe id = '"+ num +"'");	//结果集
				if(rs.next()) {
					name=rs.getString("name");
					gender=rs.getString("gender");
					address=rs.getString("address");
					phone=rs.getString("phone");
					major=rs.getString("major");
					t2.setText(name);
					t3.setText(gender);
					t4.setText(address);
					t5.setText(phone);
					t6.setText(major);
				
			}else {
				JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"没有该学生!","提示对话框",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
			}
				con.close();
		}
			catch(SQLException ee) {}
	}
		
		if(e.getSource()==b2) {
			try {
				update();
			}catch(SQLException ee) {}
		}
		if(e.getSource()==b3) {
			t2.setText("");
			t3.setText("");
			t4.setText("");
			t5.setText("");
			t6.setText("");
		}
		
     }
	public void update() throws SQLException{
		String s1="'"+t1.getText().trim()+"'";
		String s2="'"+t2.getText().trim()+"'";
		String s3="'"+t3.getText().trim()+"'";
		String s4="'"+t4.getText().trim()+"'";
		String s5="'"+t5.getText().trim()+"'";
		String s6="'"+t6.getText().trim()+"'";
		String test ="UPDATE student SET name ="+s2+",gender="+s3+",address="+s4+",phone="+s5+",major="+s6+" WHERe id="+s1;
con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");
		sql.executeUpdate(test);
		JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"修改成功！","提示对话框",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
		con.close();//关闭结果集
	}
}

删除界面 Update

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.swing.Box;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;


public class Delete extends JPanel implements ActionListener{
	Connection con;
	Statement sql;
	JTextField t1,t2,t3,t4,t5,t6;
	JButton b,b1,b2;
	Box baseBox,bv1,bv2;
	Delete(){
		try{
			Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");//加载jdbc驱动
		}
		catch(ClassNotFoundException e){}
		try{
			con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");
			sql = con.createStatement();
		}
		catch(SQLException ee){
			
		}
		
		//设置面板布局 为边框布局
		   setLayout(new BorderLayout());
		   JPanel p1=new JPanel();
		   JPanel p2=new JPanel();
		   
		   t1=new JTextField(8);
		   t2=new JTextField(16);
		   t3=new JTextField(16);
		   t4=new JTextField(16);
		   t5=new JTextField(16);
		   t6=new JTextField(16);
		   b=new JButton("删除");  
		   b.addActionListener(this);
		   
		   p1.add(new JLabel("请输入要删除的学生学号："));
		   p1.add(t1);
		   p1.add(b);
		   add(p1,"North");
		   add(p2,"Center");
		   setSize(400,400);
		  
	}
	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
		if(e.getSource()==t1) {
			try {
				delete();
			}catch(SQLException ee) {}
		}else if(e.getSource()==b) {
			try {
				delete();
			}catch(SQLException ee) {}
	    int n=JOptionPane.show/confirm/iDialog(this, "确定要删除该学生的信息？","确定",JOptionPane.YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION);	
	    if(n==JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
	    	try {
	    		String s1=""+t1.getText().trim()+"";
	    		String test="DELETE FROM student WHERe id="+s1;
	    		System.out.println(test);
	    		con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");
	    		sql.executeUpdate(test);
	    		JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"已经删除成功！","提示对话框",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
	    		con.close();
	    	}catch(SQLException ee) {}
	    	
	        }else if(n==JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) {
	        	
	        }
		}
	}
	 
	public void delete() throws SQLException{
		String num,name,gender,address,phone,major;
		con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university?characterEncoding=utf8","root","123456");
		num=t1.getText().trim();
		ResultSet rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT* FROM student WHERe id = '"+ num +"'");	
		if(rs.next()) {
			num=rs.getString("id");
			name=rs.getString("name");
			gender=rs.getString("gender");
			address=rs.getString("address");
			phone=rs.getString("phone");
			major=rs.getString("major");
		if(num.equals(t1.getText().trim())) {
			t2.setText(name);
			t3.setText(gender);
			t4.setText(address);
			t5.setText(phone);
			t6.setText(major);
		}
	}else {
		JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"没有该学生!","提示对话框",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
	}
		con.close();//关闭结果集
      }
}

加载JDBC

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.SQLException;


public class JDBCTest {

	public static Connection getConnection() {
		String driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"; // 获取mysql数据库的驱动类
		String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/university"; // 连接数据库
		String name = "root";// 连接mysql的用户名
		String pwd = "123456";// 连接mysql的密码
		try {//异常处理
			// 1. 加载驱动程序
			Class.forName(driver); 
			Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, name, pwd);
			// 2.打开数据库连接
			return conn;
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
	}

	public static void closeAll(Connection conn, PreparedStatement ps, ResultSet rs) {
		try {
			if (rs != null) {
				rs.close();
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		try {
			if (ps != null) {
				ps.close();
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		try {
			if (conn != null) {
				conn.close();
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {

		Connection cc = JDBCTest.getConnection();

		if (!cc.isClosed())

		System.out.println("Succeeded connecting to the Database!");
		 // 3. 获取statement对象
		Statement statement = cc.createStatement();

		//查询数据		
 		String sql = "select * from student";
 	   // 4. 执行SQL语句
		ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql); 
		// 5. 处理结果集
		while (rs.next()) { 
			System.out.println(rs.getString("Sno") + "");
			System.out.println(rs.getString("sname") + "");
			System.out.println(rs.getString("ssex") + "");
		}

	}
}

4.界面展示 1.录入界面

2.查询界面

3.更新界面

4.删除界面

（1）数据库查询不到

（2）数据库可以查询到

【数据库-学生信息管理系统】

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