我认为问题在于Hibernate依赖于Javassist的旧版本。您应该使用3.23.1-GA：
<dependency> <!-- update Hibernate dependency on Javassist to 3.23.1 for Java 11 compatibility --> <groupId>org.javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.23.1-GA</version></dependency>
