Springboot集成Quartz

Quartz 是一个完全由 Java 编写的开源作业调度框架，为在 Java 应用程序中进行作业调度提供了简单却强大的机制。该文章不过多介绍Quartz的概念，主要做一个封装的记录。

功能点

添加CRON、固定间隔定时
修改定时的触发器
修改定时参数
暂停定时
启动暂停的定时
获取所有定时
启动所有定时
停止定时

0. 创建项目

创建一个简单的SpringBoot项目，pom如下：



    4.0.0
    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        2.6.1
         
    
    org.demo
    quartz
    0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    quartz
    Demo project for Spring Boot
    
        11
    
    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter
        

        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
            test
        

        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-quartz
        

        
            org.projectlombok
            lombok
        
    

    
        
            
                org.springframework.boot
                spring-boot-maven-plugin

1. 定时类型

Quartz可以通过org.quartz.Trigger.class去拓展定时类型的，目前需求需要支持CRON和固定间隔两种定时类型，后期需要支持跳过节假日、周一～周五、周末等需求，所以需要让定时类型支持拓展。

1.1定时类型

package org.demo.quartz.mode;


public enum TriggerType {
    CRON("标准CRON支持"),
    INTERVAL_MILLISECOND("固定间隔毫秒"),
    INTERVAL_SECOND("固定间隔秒"),
    INTERVAL_MINUTE("固定间隔分钟"),
    INTERVAL_HOUR("固定间隔小时"),
    WEEKDAYS("工作日，跳过节假日"),
    HOLIDAY("节假日")
    ;


    private String describe;

    TriggerType(String describe) {
        this.describe = describe;
    }
}

1.2 构建定时任务的抽象类

我们需要构建不同的定时类型，不同的定时类型需要的参数也是不同的，因此我们需要抽象出定时的公用参数，将不同的参数多态实现。

package org.demo.quartz.mode;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import org.demo.quartz.task.QuartzTaskJob;

import java.util.Map;


@Getter
@Setter
public class TimingModel {
    
    private Class taskClass;

    
    private String taskName;
    
    private String groupName;

    
    private String description;


    
    private TriggerType type;


    
    private Map param;

    
    private String taskStatus;

    public TimingModel(Class taskClass, String taskName, String groupName, String description, TriggerType type, Map param) {
        this.taskClass = taskClass;
        this.taskName = taskName;
        this.groupName = groupName;
        this.description = description;
        this.type = type;
        this.param = param;
    }

    public TimingModel(Class taskClass, String taskName, String groupName, String description, TriggerType type) {
        this.taskClass = taskClass;
        this.taskName = taskName;
        this.groupName = groupName;
        this.description = description;
        this.type = type;
    }
}

1.3 用以构建CRON定时任务

package org.demo.quartz.mode;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import org.demo.quartz.task.QuartzTaskJob;

import java.util.Map;


@Getter
@Setter
public class CronTimingModel extends TimingModel{
    
    private String cronexpression;

    public CronTimingModel(Class taskClass, String taskName, String groupName, String description, Map param,String cronexpression) {
        super(taskClass, taskName, groupName, description, TriggerType.CRON, param);
        this.cronexpression = cronexpression;
    }

    public CronTimingModel(Class taskClass, String taskName, String groupName, String description,String cronexpression) {
        super(taskClass, taskName, groupName, description, TriggerType.CRON);
        this.cronexpression = cronexpression;
    }
}

1.4 用以构建固定间隔定时任务

package org.demo.quartz.mode;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import org.demo.quartz.exception.TimingException;
import org.demo.quartz.task.QuartzTaskJob;

import java.util.Map;


@Getter
@Setter
public class IntervalTimingMode extends TimingModel {

    
    private Long interval;

    
    private Integer repeatCount;

    public IntervalTimingMode(Class taskClass, String taskName, String groupName, String description, TriggerType type, Map param, Long interval,Integer repeatCount) {
        super(taskClass, taskName, groupName, description, type, param);
        if (type != TriggerType.INTERVAL_MILLISECOND){
            if (interval<(-2^32)||interval>(2^31)){
                throw new TimingException("interval超出范围，除了类型为INTERVAL_MILLISECOND的数据间隔定时的interval范围必须在-2^32~2^31   (-2147483648 ~ 2147483647)");
            }
        }
        this.interval = interval;
        this.repeatCount = repeatCount;
    }

    public IntervalTimingMode(Class taskClass, String taskName, String groupName, String description, TriggerType type, Long interval,Integer repeatCount) {
        super(taskClass, taskName, groupName, description, type);
        if (type != TriggerType.INTERVAL_MILLISECOND){
            if (interval<(-2^32)||interval>(2^31)){
                throw new TimingException("interval超出范围，除了类型为INTERVAL_MILLISECOND的数据间隔定时的interval范围必须在-2^32~2^31   (-2147483648 ~ 2147483647)");
            }
        }
        this.interval = interval;
        this.repeatCount = repeatCount;
    }
}

2.抽象任务类

package org.demo.quartz.task;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;


public interface QuartzTaskJob extends Job {
    @Override
    void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException;
}

2.1 实现一个测试任务

package org.demo.quartz.task;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.quartz.SimpleTrigger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Slf4j
public class TestQuartz implements QuartzTaskJob {

    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
        // 获取参数
        JobDataMap jobDataMap = context.getTrigger().getJobDataMap();
        // 获取任务名
        String name = context.getJobDetail().getJobBuilder().build().getKey().getName();
        // 获取任务分组
        String group = context.getJobDetail().getJobBuilder().build().getKey().getGroup();
        // 获取任务描述
        String description = context.getJobDetail().getDescription();
        if (context.getTrigger() instanceof SimpleTrigger){
            // 运行次数
            System.out.println(((SimpleTrigger)context.getTrigger()).getTimesTriggered());
        }
        log.info("----------------------" +
                "n任务组:{}n任务名:{}n任务描述:{}n获取参数paramKey:{}n" +
                "----------------------"
                ,name,group,description,jobDataMap.getString("paramKey"));

        try {
//            QuartzJobManager.getInstance().jobdelete(this.getClass().getSimpleName(),"ah");//执行完此任务就删除自己
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3. 构建触发器的不同实现 3.1 抽象触发器实现

package org.demo.quartz.trigger;

import org.demo.quartz.mode.TriggerType;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.TimingModel;
import org.quartz.Trigger;


public interface ITriggerFactory {

    
    public boolean check(TriggerType triggerType);


    public Trigger build(TimingModel timingModel);
}

3.2 CRON触发器

package org.demo.quartz.trigger.factory;

import org.demo.quartz.exception.TimingException;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.CronTimingModel;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.TriggerType;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.TimingModel;
import org.demo.quartz.trigger.ITriggerFactory;
import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


@Component
public class CronTrigger implements ITriggerFactory {
    @Override
    public boolean check(TriggerType triggerType) {
        return triggerType==TriggerType.CRON;
    }

    @Override
    public Trigger build(TimingModel timingModel) {
        if (!(timingModel instanceof CronTimingModel)){
            throw new TimingException("构建类型为CRON定时必须传入CronTimingModel.class的实现类");
        }
        //按新的cronexpression表达式构建一个新的trigger
        CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(((CronTimingModel) timingModel).getCronexpression());
        return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(timingModel.getTaskName(), timingModel.getTaskName())
                .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
    }
}

3.3 固定间隔触发器

package org.demo.quartz.trigger.factory;

import org.demo.quartz.exception.TimingException;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.IntervalTimingMode;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.TimingModel;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.TriggerType;
import org.demo.quartz.trigger.ITriggerFactory;
import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


@Component
public class IntervalTrigger implements ITriggerFactory {
    @Override
    public boolean check(TriggerType triggerType) {
        return triggerType == TriggerType.INTERVAL_MINUTE || triggerType == TriggerType.INTERVAL_SECOND || triggerType == TriggerType.INTERVAL_MILLISECOND||triggerType == TriggerType.INTERVAL_HOUR;
    }

    @Override
    public Trigger build(TimingModel timingModel) {
        if (!(timingModel instanceof IntervalTimingMode)){
            throw new TimingException("构建类型为INTERVAL定时必须传入IntervalTimingMode.class的实现类");
        }
        //创建触发器
        SimpleScheduleBuilder simpleScheduleBuilder = SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule();
        Long interval = ((IntervalTimingMode) timingModel).getInterval();
        Integer repeatCount = ((IntervalTimingMode) timingModel).getRepeatCount();
        switch (timingModel.getType()){
            case INTERVAL_MINUTE:
                simpleScheduleBuilder.withIntervalInMinutes(Math.toIntExact(interval));
                break;
            case INTERVAL_HOUR:
                simpleScheduleBuilder.withIntervalInHours(Math.toIntExact(interval));
                break;
            case INTERVAL_SECOND:
                simpleScheduleBuilder.withIntervalInSeconds(Math.toIntExact(interval));
                break;
            case INTERVAL_MILLISECOND:
                simpleScheduleBuilder.withIntervalInMilliseconds(interval);
                break;
        }
        if (repeatCount==null){
            // 无限重复
            simpleScheduleBuilder.repeatForever();
        }else {
            simpleScheduleBuilder.withRepeatCount(repeatCount);
        }
        return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(timingModel.getTaskName(), timingModel.getTaskName())
                .withSchedule(simpleScheduleBuilder).build();
    }
}

3.4 构建触发器工厂

package org.demo.quartz.trigger;

import org.demo.quartz.mode.TimingModel;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;


@Component
public class TriggerManager {
    private final List triggerFactories;

    public TriggerManager(List triggerFactories) {
        this.triggerFactories = triggerFactories;
    }

    
    public Trigger build(TimingModel timingModel) {
        for (ITriggerFactory triggerFactory : triggerFactories) {
            if (triggerFactory.check(timingModel.getType())) {
                return triggerFactory.build(timingModel);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

3. 构建定时管理类

该方法包含：

添加定时
更新定时触发器
更新任务参数
删除任务
暂停任务
将暂停的任务恢复执行
启动所有任务
关闭定时任务
获取所有任务

package org.demo.quartz;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.CronTimingModel;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.TimingModel;
import org.demo.quartz.trigger.TriggerManager;
import org.demo.quartz.exception.TimingException;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.*;


@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class QuartzTaskManager {

    private final Scheduler scheduler;

    private final Boolean initStatus;

    private final TriggerManager triggerManager;

    private static QuartzTaskManager taskManager;

    public QuartzTaskManager(Scheduler scheduler, TriggerManager triggerManager) {
        this.scheduler = scheduler;
        taskManager = this;
        boolean status = true;
        try {
            // 启动调度器
            scheduler.start();
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            log.error("定时器调度器启动失败，定时器不可用！", e);
            status = false;
        }
        initStatus = status;
        this.triggerManager = triggerManager;
    }

    public static QuartzTaskManager getInstance(){
        return taskManager;
    }


    
    public void addTask(TimingModel timingModel) throws NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, SchedulerException {
        checkTimingInit();
        // 构建任务信息
        JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(timingModel.getTaskClass().getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance().getClass())
                .withDescription(timingModel.getDescription())
                .withIdentity(timingModel.getTaskName(), timingModel.getGroupName())
                .build();

        // 构建触发器
        Trigger trigger = triggerManager.build(timingModel);
        // 将任务参数放入触发器中
        if (timingModel.getParam() != null && !timingModel.getParam().isEmpty()) {
            trigger.getJobDataMap().putAll(timingModel.getParam());
        }
        // 启动任务
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
    }

    
    public void updateTask(TimingModel timingModel) throws SchedulerException {
        // 获取到任务
        TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(timingModel.getTaskName(), timingModel.getGroupName());

        // 构建触发器
        Trigger trigger = triggerManager.build(timingModel);
        // 将任务参数放入触发器中
        if (timingModel.getParam() != null && !timingModel.getParam().isEmpty()) {
            trigger.getJobDataMap().putAll(timingModel.getParam());
        }
        // 将新的触发器绑定到任务标示上重新执行
        scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
    }

    
    public void updateTask(String taskName, String groupName, Map param) throws SchedulerException {
        // 获取到任务
        TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(taskName, groupName);
        Trigger trigger = scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);

        //修改参数
        trigger.getJobDataMap().putAll(param);

        // 将新的触发器绑定到任务标示上重新执行
        scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
    }

    
    public void deleteTask(String taskName, String groupName) throws SchedulerException {
        // 暂停任务对应的触发器
        scheduler.pauseTrigger(TriggerKey.triggerKey(taskName, groupName));
        // 删除任务对应的触发器
        scheduler.unscheduleJob(TriggerKey.triggerKey(taskName, groupName));
        // 删除任务
        scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(taskName, groupName));
    }

    
    public void pauseTask(String taskName, String groupName) throws SchedulerException {
        scheduler.pauseJob(JobKey.jobKey(taskName, groupName));
    }


    
    public void resumetask(String taskName, String groupName) throws SchedulerException {
        scheduler.resumeJob(JobKey.jobKey(taskName, groupName));
    }

    
    public void startAllTasks() {
        try {
            scheduler.start();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    
    public void shutdownAllTasks() {
        try {
            if (!scheduler.isShutdown()) {
                scheduler.shutdown();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }


    
    public List getTaskList() throws SchedulerException {
        GroupMatcher matcher = GroupMatcher.anyJobGroup();
        Set jobKeys = scheduler.getJobKeys(matcher);
        List taskList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (JobKey jobKey : jobKeys) {
            List triggers = scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey);
            for (Trigger trigger : triggers) {
                TimingModel timingModel;
                if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) {
                    timingModel = new CronTimingModel(null, jobKey.getName(), jobKey.getGroup(), null, ((CronTrigger) trigger).getCronexpression());
                    timingModel.setTaskStatus(scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey()).name());
                    taskList.add(timingModel);
                } else {
                    log.warn("name:{},group:{}的定时任务类型未知，请拓展QuartzTaskManager.getTaskList的任务类型解析", jobKey.getName(), jobKey.getGroup());
                }
            }
        }
        return taskList;
    }


    
    private void checkTimingInit() {
        if (!initStatus) {
            throw new TimingException("定时器未初始化，添加定时器失败!");
        }
    }


}

4. Quartz注入到SpringBoot

package org.demo.quartz.config;

import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.AdaptableJobFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;



@Component
public class TaskJobFactory extends AdaptableJobFactory {
    private final AutowireCapableBeanFactory capableBeanFactory;

    public TaskJobFactory(AutowireCapableBeanFactory capableBeanFactory) {
        this.capableBeanFactory = capableBeanFactory;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object createJobInstance(TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
        //调用父类的方法
        Object jobInstance = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
        //进行注入
        capableBeanFactory.autowireBean(jobInstance);
        return jobInstance;
    }
}

5. 执行

package org.demo;

import org.demo.quartz.QuartzTaskManager;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.CronTimingModel;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.IntervalTimingMode;
import org.demo.quartz.mode.TriggerType;
import org.demo.quartz.task.TestQuartz;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import java.util.HashMap;

@SpringBootApplication
public class QuartzApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(QuartzApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        //构建CRON定时
        //CronTimingModel cronTimingModel = new CronTimingModel(TestQuartz.class, "测试名", "测试组", "测试描述", "*/1 * * * * ?");
        // 构建固定间隔定时
        IntervalTimingMode intervalTimingMode = new IntervalTimingMode(TestQuartz.class, "测试名", "测试组", "测试描述", TriggerType.INTERVAL_SECOND, 5L,null);
        HashMap param = new HashMap<>();
        param.put("paramKey","获取到参数了");
        intervalTimingMode.setParam(param);
        QuartzTaskManager.getInstance().addTask(intervalTimingMode);
    }
}

5.1 执行结果

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _    
( ( )___ | '_ | '_| | '_ / _` |    
 \/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |___, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::                (v2.6.1)

2021-12-16 18:46:55.763  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.demo.QuartzApplication               : Starting QuartzApplication using Java 11.0.11 on xiaohandeiMac.local with PID 46460 (/Users/xiaohan/IdeaProjects/demo-quartz/target/classes started by xiaohan in /Users/xiaohan/IdeaProjects/demo-quartz)
2021-12-16 18:46:55.764  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.demo.QuartzApplication               : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2021-12-16 18:46:56.089  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory      : Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor
2021-12-16 18:46:56.095  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl    : Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl
2021-12-16 18:46:56.095  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Quartz Scheduler v.2.3.2 created.
2021-12-16 18:46:56.096  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore             : RAMJobStore initialized.
2021-12-16 18:46:56.096  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.3.2) 'quartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
  Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
  NOT STARTED.
  Currently in standby mode.
  Number of jobs executed: 0
  Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
  Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.

2021-12-16 18:46:56.096  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory      : Quartz scheduler 'quartzScheduler' initialized from an externally provided properties instance.
2021-12-16 18:46:56.096  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory      : Quartz scheduler version: 2.3.2
2021-12-16 18:46:56.096  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : JobFactory set to: org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory@2d6aca33
2021-12-16 18:46:56.099  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Scheduler quartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
2021-12-16 18:46:56.147  INFO 46460 --- [           main] org.demo.QuartzApplication               : Started QuartzApplication in 0.589 seconds (JVM running for 6.058)
1
2021-12-16 18:46:56.156  INFO 46460 --- [eduler_Worker-1] org.demo.quartz.task.TestQuartz          : ----------------------
任务组:测试名
任务名:测试组
任务描述:测试描述
获取参数paramKey:获取到参数了
----------------------
2
2021-12-16 18:47:01.155  INFO 46460 --- [eduler_Worker-2] org.demo.quartz.task.TestQuartz          : ----------------------
任务组:测试名
任务名:测试组
任务描述:测试描述
获取参数paramKey:获取到参数了
----------------------
3
2021-12-16 18:47:06.151  INFO 46460 --- [eduler_Worker-3] org.demo.quartz.task.TestQuartz          : ----------------------
任务组:测试名
任务名:测试组
任务描述:测试描述
获取参数paramKey:获取到参数了
----------------------

源码

Gitee

Springboot集成Quartz

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