1、下载安装包：apache-hive-3.1.1-bin.tar.gz
上传至linux系统/usr/local/soft/路径
2、解压软件
cd /usr/local/soft/
tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.1-bin.tar.gz
3、修改系统环境变量
vim /etc/profile
添加内容：
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HIVE_HOME/bin
保存：
source /etc/profile
4、修改hive环境变量
cd /usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/bin/
编辑hive-config.sh文件
vi hive-config.sh
新增内容：
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/soft/jdk1.8.0_11
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/soft/hadoop-3.2.0
export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/conf
5、拷贝hive配置文件
cd /usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/conf/
cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
6、修改Hive配置文件,找到对应的位置进行修改
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
Driver class name for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
root
Username to use against metastore database
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword
root123
password to use against metastore database
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:mysql://192.168.202.131:3306/hive?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT
JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore.
To use SSL to encrypt/authenticate the connection, provide database-specific SSL flag in the connection URL.
For example, jdbc:postgresql://myhost/db?ssl=true for postgres database.
datanucleus.schema.autoCreateAll
true
Auto creates necessary schema on a startup if one doesn't exist. Set this to false, after creating it once.To enable auto create also set hive.metastore.schema.verification=false. Auto creation is not recommended for production use cases, run schematool command instead.
hive.metastore.schema.verification
false
Enforce metastore schema version consistency.
True: Verify that version information stored in is compatible with one from Hive jars. Also disable automatic
schema migration attempt. Users are required to manually migrate schema after Hive upgrade which ensures
proper metastore schema migration. (Default)
False: Warn if the version information stored in metastore doesn't match with one from in Hive jars.
hive.exec.local.scratchdir
/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/tmp/${user.name}
Local scratch space for Hive jobs
system:java.io.tmpdir
/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/iotmp
hive.downloaded.resources.dir
/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/tmp/${hive.session.id}_resources
Temporary local directory for added resources in the remote file system.
hive.querylog.location
/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/tmp/${system:user.name}
Location of Hive run time structured log file
hive.server2.logging.operation.log.location
/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/tmp/${system:user.name}/operation_logs
Top level directory where operation logs are stored if logging functionality is enabled
hive.metastore.db.type
mysql
Expects one of [derby, oracle, mysql, mssql, postgres].
Type of database used by the metastore. Information schema & JDBCStorageHandler depend on it.
hive.cli.print.current.db
true
Whether to include the current database in the Hive prompt.
hive.cli.print.header
true
Whether to print the names of the columns in query output.
hive.metastore.warehouse.dir
/user/hive/warehouse
location of default database for the warehouse
7、上传mysql驱动包到/usr/local/soft/apache-hive-3.1.1-bin/lib/文件夹下
驱动包：mysql-connector-java-8.0.15.zip，解压后从里面获取jar包
8、确保 mysql数据库中有名称为hive的数据库
9、初始化初始化元数据库
schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema
10、确保Hadoop启动
11、启动hive
hive
12、检测是否启动成功
show databases;
