- 基本结构
- 指令
- Dockerfile编译安装apache
Dockerfile 是一个文本格式的配置文件，用户可以使用 Dockerfile 快速创建自定义镜像。
Dockerfile 由一行行命令语句组成，并且支持以 # 开头的注释行。
Docker分为四部分：
- 基础镜像信息
- 维护者信息
- 镜像操作指令
- 容器启动时默认要执行的指令
# This dockerfile uses the ubuntu image # VERSION 2 - EDITION 1 # Author: bravealove1 # Command format: Instruction [arguments / command] ... # 第一行必须指定基于的基础镜像 FROM centos # 维护者信息 LABEL MAINTAINER='weixiaoya 1870648704@qq.com' # 镜像操作指令 FROM centos RUN ADD nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz /usr/src WORKDIR /usr/src/ RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel make && cd nginx-1.18.0 && ./configure && make && make install # 容器启动时默认要执行的指令 CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]
其中，一开始必须指明所基于的镜像名称，接下来一般会说明维护者信息。
后面则是镜像操作指令，例如RUN指令，RUN指令将对镜像执行跟随的命令。每运行一条RUN指令，镜像添加新的一层，并提交。
最后是CMD指令来指定运行容器时的操作指令。
指令的一般格式为INSTRUCTION arguments，指令包括：
- FROM
- LABEL MAINTAINER
- RUN
- CMD
- EXPOSE
- ENV
- ADD
- COPY
- ENTRYPOINT
- VOLUME
- USER
- WORKDIR
- ONBUILD
//创建目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir httpd
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
[root@localhost httpd]# mkdir files
//把apache包放到files目录里面
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.48.tar.gz
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz httpd tank
[root@localhost ~]# mv apr-1.7.0.tar.gz httpd/files/
[root@localhost ~]# mv apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd/files/
[root@localhost ~]# mv httpd-2.4.48.tar.gz httpd/files/
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd/
[root@localhost httpd]# touch Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
Dockerfile files
[root@localhost httpd]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# tree httpd/
httpd/
├── Dockerfile
└── files
├── apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
├── apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
└── httpd-2.4.48.tar.gz
1 directory, 4 files
//编写Dockerfile文件
[root@localhost httpd]# vim Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# cat Dockerfile
FROM centos
LABEL MAINTAINER="weixiaoya 1870648704@qq.com"
ADD files/* /usr/src/
WORKDIR /usr/src/
RUN yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel pcre expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ make &&
cd apr-1.7.0 &&
sed -i '/$RM "$cfgfile"/d' configure &&
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && make && make install &&
cd ../apr-util-1.6.1 &&
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr &&
make && make install &&
cd ../httpd-2.4.48 &&
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache
--enable-so
--enable-ssl
--enable-cgi
--enable-rewrite
--with-zlib
--with-pcre
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/
--enable-modules=most
--enable-mpms-shared=all
--with-mpm=prefork &&
make && make install &&
sed -i '/#ServerName/s/#//g' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
CMD ["/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl","-D","FOREGROUND"]
//构建httpd镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker build -t weixiaoya/httpd:v0.2 httpd/
Sending build context to Docker daemon 11.07MB
Step 1/6 : FROM centos
---> 5d0da3dc9764
Step 2/6 : LABEL MAINTAINER="weixiaoya 1870648704@qq.com"
---> Running in 1887a0eb58d2
Removing intermediate container 1887a0eb58d2
---> f2fe44b3f3d8
Step 3/6 : ADD files/* /usr/src/
---> 35489be1d1f4
Step 4/6 : WORKDIR /usr/src/
---> Running in 7a74b074da63
Removing intermediate container 7a74b074da63
---> b5629b320353
···············································
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
weixiaoya/httpd v0.2 230991a0d197 11 seconds ago 701MB
weixiaoya/httpd v0.1 24270cd5ab1a 26 hours ago 712MB
3199560936/httpd v0.1 291538f2b5b1 37 hours ago 712MB
809d37e9b570 37 hours ago 712MB
nginx latest f652ca386ed1 5 days ago 141MB
busybox latest d23834f29b38 8 days ago 1.24MB
centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 2 months ago 231MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd --name httpd -p 80:80 230991a0d197
1b574e6aebd7bcde2abb1ae24661390dc76da90ff5023d25fa78142f1220a504
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1b574e6aebd7 230991a0d197 "/usr/local/apache/b…" 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp httpd
[root@localhost ~]#
