您应该使用netifaces。它被设计为跨平台的，并且包含Windows专用代码以及可在不同UNIX
/ UNIX类平台上工作的各种通用版本。
从netifaces版本0.10.0开始，支持Python3。
使用摘要
>>> from netifaces import AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_link, AF_PACKET, AF_BRIDGE>>> import netifaces as ni>>> ni.interfaces()['lo', 'eth0', 'eth1', 'vboxnet0', 'dummy1']>>>>>> ni.ifaddresses('eth0')[AF_link] # NOTE: AF_link is an alias for AF_PACKET[{'broadcast': 'ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', 'addr': '00:02:55:7b:b2:f6'}]>>> ni.ifaddresses('eth0')[AF_INET][{'broadcast': '172.16.161.7', 'netmask': '255.255.255.248', 'addr': '172.16.161.6'}]>>>>>> # eth0 ipv4 interface address>>> ni.ifaddresses('eth0')[AF_INET][0]['addr']'172.16.161.6'>>>>细节
Windows支持：
大多数MS Windows安装都不需要编译器。如果收到有关为Windows安装MS Visual C
++的警告，请非常小心，因为您需要将用于python的编译器版本与用于模块的编译器版本匹配。
netifaces数据结构的详细示例：
>>> import netifaces as ni>>> ni.interfaces()['lo', 'eth0', 'eth1', 'vboxnet0', 'dummy1']>>> ni.ifaddresses('eth0'){ 17: [ { 'broadcast': 'ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', 'addr': '00:02:55:7b:b2:f6' } ], 2: [ { 'broadcast': '172.16.161.7', 'netmask': '255.255.255.248', 'addr': '172.16.161.6' } ], 10: [ { 'netmask': 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', 'addr': 'fe80::202:55ff:fe7b:b2f6%eth0' } ]}>>> >>> print(ni.ifaddresses.__doc__)Obtain information about the specified network interface.Returns a dict whose keys are equal to the address family constants,e.g. netifaces.AF_INET, and whose values are a list of addresses inthat family that are attached to the network interface.>>>>>> # for the IPv4 address of eth0>>> ni.ifaddresses('eth0')[2][0]['addr']'172.16.161.6'用于索引协议的数字来自
/usr/include/linux/socket.h（在Linux中）… 编辑
：我的3.2内核在这里具有它们：
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.2.0-4-common/include/linux/socket.h
#define AF_INET 2 #define AF_INET6 10 #define AF_PACKET 17
好消息是您不必记住所有这些标头常量，它们包含在netifaces中：
>>> from netifaces import AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_link, AF_PACKET, AF_BRIDGE>>> import netifaces as ni
