Linux(centos7)下mysql(rpm包)安装配置

软件包准备

百度网盘：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1h7kyhiBwlPKyRaTJtmop3Q
提取码：0601

阿里云链接：https://www.aliyundrive.com/s/3BqiZmsfUJX

[root@zabbix software]# ll
总用量 206280
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  26597364 11月 30 20:31 mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    317444 11月 30 20:31 mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2472844 11月 30 20:34 mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 181833876 11月 30 20:28 mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装前我们先检查之前是否安装过mysql,如果有安装，卸载掉

[root@zabbix software]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb #查看是否已经安装自带的mysql（mariadb）
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@zabbix software]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 #强制卸载

安装mysql 注意执行顺序不能互换

[root@zabbix software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@zabbix software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@zabbix software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@zabbix software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

将mysqld复制到init.d目录

[root@zabbix system]# cp /usr/sbin/mysqld /etc/init.d/

设置mysql服务开机自启->启动服务->查看状态

[root@zabbix system]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@zabbix system]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@zabbix system]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 二 2021-11-30 21:10:30 CST; 29s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 2909 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 2858 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 2912 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─2912 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

11月 30 21:10:28 zabbix systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
11月 30 21:10:30 zabbix systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

查看mysql临时密码并登录修改root密码

#查看临时密码
[root@zabbix ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log |grep 'temporary password'
2021-11-30T13:10:28.998583Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: *zk3wwicT#Fa

#使用临时密码登录数据库
[root@zabbix ~]# mysql -uroot -p*zk3wwicT#Fa
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.34

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

#在mysql5.6以后，当我们设置弱密码时会报错
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by '123456';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

怎么办呢？

方案一：设强类型密码这里就不做介绍比如女朋友生日不过要记得是哪个女朋友的生日噢

方案二：修改策略

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

这时候就可以设置弱类型密码了

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

授予root用户远程访问权限并刷新使其生效

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

远程连接的时候记得关防火墙

[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

介绍一些MySQL的常见命令

1.查看当前所有的数据库

show databases;

2.使用/打开指定数据库

use 库名;

3.查看当前库的所有表

show tables;

4.查看其它库的所有表

show tables from 库名;

5.创建表

create table 表名(

列名列类型，

。。。

);

6.查看表结构

desc 表名;

Linux(centos7)下mysql(rpm包)安装配置

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