- 一、脚本案例
- 1、信号控制
- 2、判断脚本参数
- 3、-z 判断 及 正则表达式
- 4、脚本中EOF创用建文件
- 5、for 循环，printf 打印九九乘法表
- 6、expect实现交互式自动化
- 7、expect与EOF实现批量ssh免密
- 8、批量创建用户
- 9、函数的位置变量
- 10、函数的两种传参方式
- 11、函数传参数组
- 12、while循环实现累加求和
- 13、利用数组统计ip出现次数
- 14、批量登录主机获取信息
- 15、脚本练习：kvm_manager
一、脚本案例 1、信号控制
#!/bin/bash
trap "func" 2
func() {
read -p "Terminate the process? (Y/N): " input
if [ $input == "Y" ]; then
exit
fi
}
for i in {1..10}
do
echo $i
sleep 1
done
2、判断脚本参数
#!/bin/bash
#判断脚本是否有参数
if [ $# -eq 0 ];then
echo "Input `basename $0` file" #basename去除脚本路径
exit 1
fi
if [ ! -f $1 ];then
echo "ERROR:$1 is not a file"
exit 2
fi
for ip in `cat $1`
do
ping -c1 $ip >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "$ip is up!"
else
echo "$ip is down!"
fi
done
3、-z 判断 及 正则表达式
#!/bin/bash
read -p "Input your username :" username
# "-z"表示0长度 后面变量必须加双引号
if [ -z "$username" ];then
echo "ERROR!"
exit 1
fi
read -p "Input number :" num
while true
do
#判断是否是数字 "=~"正则匹配 "^[0-9]+$"正则表达式 表示数字 要用"[[ ]]"
if [[ $num =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]];then
break
else
read -p "Input your username again :" num
fi
done
#seq一个数字序列 例如seq 1 10
for i in `seq $num`
do
user=$username$i
useradd $user
echo "1" |passwd --stdin $user >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "$user created !"
fi
done
4、脚本中EOF创用建文件
覆盖 cat > EOF.txt <<-EOF 1.test1 2.test2 3.test3 4.test4 5.test5 EOF 追加 cat >> EOF.txt <<-EOF 1.test1 2.test2 3.test3 4.test4 5.test5 EOF5、for 循环，printf 打印九九乘法表
#!/bin/bash
for ((i=1;i<=9;i++))
do
for ((j=1;j<=i;j++))
do
printf "%d * %d = %dt" $i $j $[j*i]
done
echo
done
6、expect实现交互式自动化
#!/bin/expect
#位置变量传参
set user [lindex $argv 0]
set ip 192.168.93.133
set password woainixx
spawn ssh $user@$ip
expect {
"yes/no" { send "yesr"; exp_continue }
"password:" { send "$passwordr" }
}
expect "#"
send "pwdr"
send "exitr"
expect eof
7、expect与EOF实现批量ssh免密
#!/bin/bash
>ip.txt
pass=xx
if [ ! -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa ];then
#无交互模式创建密钥
ssh-keygen -P "" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
fi
for i in {100..200}
do
{
ip=192.168.93.$i
ping -c1 -W1 $ip >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "$ip" >>ip.txt
expect <<-EOF
set timeout 10
spawn ssh-copy-id $ip
expect {
"yes/no" { send "yesr";exp_continue }
"password:" { send "$passr" }
}
expect eof
EOF
fi
}& #后台并发执行，增加执行速度
done
#wait和后台符一起使用
wait
echo "finish..."
8、批量创建用户
#!/bin/bash
while read line
do
if [ ${#line} -eq 0 ];then
continue
fi
user=`echo $line |awk '{print $1}'`
pass=`echo $line |awk '{print $2}'`
id $user >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "user $user is exists."
else
useradd $user
echo "$pass" |passwd --stdin $user && |history -c >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "user $user is created"
fi
fi
done <$1
9、函数的位置变量
#!/bin/bash
factorial() {
factorial=1
#$1为函数的位置变量
for ((i=1;i<=$1;i++))
do
let factorial=$factorial*$i
done
echo "$1的阶乘是：$factorial"
}
#$1为脚本的位置变量 脚本的$1传到函数的$1
factorial $1
factorial $2
factorial $3
./factorial.sh 5 10 15
5的阶乘是：120
10的阶乘是：3628800
15的阶乘是：1307674368000
10、函数的两种传参方式
#!/bin/bash
if [ $# -ne 3 ];then
echo "usage: `basename $0` par1 par2 par3"
exit
fi
fun2(){
echo "$[$1*$2*$3]"
}
#两种传参方式
方式1：
num1=$1
num2=$2
num3=$3
result=`fun2 $num1 $num2 $num3`
echo "result is $result"
方式2：
result=`fun2 $1 $2 $3`
echo "result is $result"
11、函数传参数组
#!/bin/bash
num=(1 2 3 4 5)
array() {
factorial=1
for i in $*
do
let factorial=$factorial*$i
done
echo "$factorial"
}
array ${num[*]}
12、while循环实现累加求和
#!/bin/bash
while true
do
read -p "plz input a number:" num
if [[ ! $num =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]];then
echo "重新输入"
else
break
fi
done
for ((i=1;i<=$num;i++))
do
let sum=$sum+$i
done
echo "1-${num}的累加和: $sum"
13、利用数组统计ip出现次数
#!/bin/sh
a=(`cat ip.txt`)
#定义数组
declare -A b
for i in ${a[*]}
do
let b[$i]++
done
#打印数组b
declare -p b
for z in ${!b[*]}
do
echo "${z}:${b[$z]}"
done
14、批量登录主机获取信息
#!/bin/sh
while read line
do
ip=`echo "${line}" |awk '{print $1}'`
pass=`echo "${line}" |awk '{print $2}'`
newpass=`echo ${pass} |sed s"/'//g"`
echo ${ip}
echo ${newpass}
sshpass -p "${newpass}" ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no ${ip} "cat /etc/redhat-release"
15、脚本练习：kvm_manager
#!/bin/sh
iso=/var/lib/libvirt/images/muban.img
configure_file=/etc/libvirt/qemu/muban.xml
location1=/var/lib/libvirt/images
location2=/etc/libvirt/qemu
echo -e "e[1;31m
1.创建默认配置虚拟机
2.创建自定义虚拟机
3.管理虚拟机
4.虚拟机快照
5.退出
e[0m"
read -p "PLS input your choice: " choice
case $choice in
1)
read -p "请输入你想创建的虚拟机个数: " count
i=0
while [ $i -lt $count ]
do
kvmname=`openssl rand -hex 5`
kvmuuid=`uuidgen`
kvmmac=`openssl rand -hex 3 | sed -r 's/..B/&:/g'`
echo "请稍候..."
echo "正在复制......"
cp $iso $location1/${kvmname}.img
cp $configure_file $location2/${kvmname}.xml
echo "复制已完成"
sed -ri "s#muban#$kvmname#g" $location2/${kvmname}.xml
sed -ri "s#kvmuuid#$kvmuuid#" $location2/${kvmname}.xml
sed -ri "s#kvmmem#1536000#" $location2/${kvmname}.xml
sed -ri "s#kvmcpu#1#" $location2/${kvmname}.xml
sed -ri "s#09:2e:17#$kvmmac#" $location2/${kvmname}.xml
virsh define $location2/${kvmname}.xml &> /dev/null
let i++
done
sleep 2
virsh list --all
echo "$count Virt-machine is created"
exit
;;
2)
read -p "请输入你想要的虚拟机的名字: " name
read -p "请输入该虚拟机的cpu个数: " count
read -p "请输入该虚拟的内存: " mem
uuid=`uuidgen`
mac=`openssl rand -hex 3 | sed -r 's/..B/&:/g'`
echo "请稍后..."
echo "正在复制......"
cp $iso $location1/${name}.img
cp $configure_file $location2/${name}.xml
echo "复制已完成"
sed -ri "s#muban#$name#g" $location2/${name}.xml
sed -ri "s#kvmmem#$mem#g" $location2/${name}.xml
sed -ri "s#kvmcpu#$count#g" $location2/${name}.xml
sed -ri "s#kvmuuid#$uuid#" $location2/${name}.xml
sed -ri "s#kvmmac#$mac#" $location2/${name}.xml
virsh define $location2/${name}.xml
sleep 3
virsh list --all
echo "该虚拟机已创建成功."
;;
3)
echo -e "e[1;40m 即将输出你可以操作的虚拟机列表: e[0m"
sleep 3
virsh list --all
read -p "请输入你所想要管理的虚拟机: " name
echo -e "e[1;31m
1、开启虚拟机
2、关闭虚拟机
3、重启虚拟机
4、删除虚拟机
5、退出
e[0m"
read -p "输入你的操作: " option
case $option in
1)
virsh start $name
;;
2)
virsh shutdown $name
;;
3)
virsh reboot $name
;;
4)
virsh shutdown $name >/dev/null 2>&1
sleep 10
a=`virsh snapshot-list virt-two |awk '{print $1}'|awk '!/^N/{print}'|awk '!/^-/{print}'`
if [ ${#a} -gt 0 ];then
read -p "此虚拟机有快照是否确认删除快照 [y] " p
if [ "${p}" = "y" ];then
virsh snapshot-delete --snapshotname $a $name
sleep 3
virsh undefine $name
rm -rf $location1/${name}.img
echo "$name 删除成功"
else
exit
fi
fi
;;
5)
exit
;;
esac
;;
4)
echo -e "e[1;40m 即将输出你可以操作的虚拟机列表: e[0m"
sleep 3
virsh list --all
read -p "请输入你所要操作的虚拟机: " name
echo -e "e[1;31m
1.创建快照
2.删除快照
3.恢复快照
4.退出
e[0m"
read -p "请输入你对该虚拟机进行的快照操作: " choice
case $choice in
1)
echo -e "e[1;40m 即将输出你可以操作的虚拟机快照列表: e[0m"
sleep 3
virsh snapshot-list $name
echo "即将创建快照，请注意快照名字不可以一样."
virsh snapshot-create-as $name ${name}.snap
;;
2)
virsh snapshot-list $name
virsh snapshot-delete --snapshotname ${name}.snap $name;;
3)
virsh snapshot-list $name
virsh snapshot-revert $name ${name}.snap;;
4)
exit;;
esac
;;
5)
exit
;;
esac
