Python ProcessPoolExecutor实践

• ProcessPoolExecutor实践
• • 进程池的创建、关闭
  • 等待进程执行完毕并获取返回结果
  • • 方法一：
    • 方法二：
    • 方法三：

建议使用with，退出时自动调用shutdown()释放资源。

from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor

def func_1():
	executor = ProcessPoolExecutor(5)
	# do something
	executor.shutdown()

def func_2():
	with ProcessPoolExecutor(5) as executor:
		# do something
		pass

import os
import time
from datetime import datetime
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor, wait, as_completed


def sleep(t):
    print(f'[{os.getpid()}] sleeping')
    time.sleep(t)
    return t


def test1():
    print(f'[{os.getpid()}] main proc')
    with ProcessPoolExecutor(5) as executor:
        jobs = []
        time_list = [3, 2, 4, 1]
        for i in time_list:
            jobs.append(executor.submit(sleep, i))
        print(datetime.now())
        for job in jobs:
            print(f'[{os.getpid()}] {datetime.now()} {job.result()}')

输出：

结论：
不建议使用这种方法。输出是按照任务列表顺序，但是打印的时间很令人迷惑，实际上主进程与3进程打印是有明显时间差的但是打印时间却没有展现出来。

def test2():
    print(f'[{os.getpid()}] main proc')
    with ProcessPoolExecutor(5) as executor:
        jobs = []
        time_list = [3, 2, 4, 1]
        for i in time_list:
            jobs.append(executor.submit(sleep, i))
        print(datetime.now())
        for job in as_completed(jobs):
            print(f'[{os.getpid()}] {datetime.now()} {job.result()}')

输出

结论：
as_completed(jobs) 会将结果按照任务完成顺序返回

def test3():
    print(f'[{os.getpid()}] main proc')
    with ProcessPoolExecutor(5) as executor:
        jobs = []
        time_list = [3, 2, 4, 1]
        for i in time_list:
            jobs.append(executor.submit(sleep, i))
        print(datetime.now())
        wait(jobs)
        for job in jobs:
            print(f'[{os.getpid()}] {datetime.now()} {job.result()}')

输出：

结论：
通过wait(fs, timeout, return_when)等待任务完成
return_when参数：ALL_COMPLETED（默认），FIRST_COMPLETED，FIRST_EXCEPTION

ps: 可用job.done()判断任务是否已经完成

之后有问题还会继续补充