恕我直言,最简单的方法是使用自省功能动态生成包含选定字段的哈希,然后使用Json序列化该哈希。您只需确定什么是可用字段列表(请参见下文)。
这是两个能够做到这一点的示例函数,第一个获取所有公共字段和公共获取器,第二个获取当前类及其所有父类中的所有已声明字段(包括私有字段):
public Map<String, Object> getPublicMap(Object obj, List<String> names) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException { List<String> gettedFields = new ArrayList<String>(); Map<String, Object> values = new HashMap<String, Object>(); for (Method getter: obj.getClass().getMethods()) { if (getter.getName().startsWith("get") && (getter.getName().length > 3)) { String name0 = getter.getName().substring(3); String name = name0.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase().concat(name0.substring(1)); gettedFields.add(name); if ((names == null) || names.isEmpty() || names.contains(name)) { values.put(name, getter.invoke(obj)); } } } for (Field field: obj.getClass().getFields()) { String name = field.getName(); if ((! gettedFields.contains(name)) && ((names == null) || names.isEmpty() || names.contains(name))) { values.put(name, field.get(obj)); } } return values;}public Map<String, Object> getFieldMap(Object obj, List<String> names) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException { Map<String, Object> values = new HashMap<String, Object>(); for (Class<?> clazz = obj.getClass(); clazz != Object.class; clazz = clazz.getSuperclass()) { for (Field field : clazz.getDeclaredFields()) { String name = field.getName(); if ((names == null) || names.isEmpty() || names.contains(name)) { field.setAccessible(true); values.put(name, field.get(obj)); } } } return values;}然后,您只需要获取此函数之一的结果(或可以根据需要进行调整的结果),然后使用Jackson对其进行序列化即可。
如果您对域对象进行了自定义编码,则必须在两个不同的地方维护序列化规则:哈希生成和Jackson序列化。在这种情况下,您可以简单地使用Jackson生成完整的类序列化,然后过滤生成的字符串。这是此类过滤器功能的示例:
public String jsonSub(String json, List<String> names) throws IOException { if ((names == null) || names.isEmpty()) { return json; } ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); Map<String, Object> map = mapper.readValue(json, HashMap.class); for (String name: map.keySet()) { if (! names.contains(name)) { map.remove(name); } } return mapper.writevalueAsString(map);}编辑:集成在Spring MVC
在谈到Web服务和Jackson时,我假设您使用Spring
RestController或
ResponseBody批注以及(在幕后)a
MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter。如果您改用Jackson
1,则应为
MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter。
我建议的只是添加一个
HttpMessageConverter可以利用上述过滤功能之一的新功能,并将实际工作(以及辅助方法)委托给true
MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter。在该
write新转换器的方法中,
fields由于Spring的帮助,不需要显式的ThreadLocal变量就可以访问最终的请求参数
RequestContextHolder。那样
:
- 您可以清楚地分离角色,而无需在现有控制器上进行任何修改
- 您没有在Jackson2配置中进行任何修改
- 您不需要新的ThreadLocal变量,只需在已经绑定到Spring的类中使用Spring类即可,因为它实现了
HttpMessageConverter
这是这样的消息转换器的示例:
public class JsonConverter implements HttpMessageConverter<Object> { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JsonConverter.class); // a real message converter that will respond to ancilliary methods and do the actual work private HttpMessageConverter<Object> delegate = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter(); // allow configuration of the fields name private String fieldsParam = "fields"; public void setFieldsParam(String fieldsParam) { this.fieldsParam = fieldsParam; } @Override public boolean canRead(Class<?> clazz, MediaType mediaType) { return delegate.canRead(clazz, mediaType); } @Override public boolean canWrite(Class<?> clazz, MediaType mediaType) { return delegate.canWrite(clazz, mediaType); } @Override public List<MediaType> getSupportedMediaTypes() { return delegate.getSupportedMediaTypes(); } @Override public Object read(Class<? extends Object> clazz, HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotReadableException { return delegate.read(clazz, inputMessage); } @Override public void write(Object t, MediaType contentType, HttpOutputMessage outputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotWritableException { // is there a fields parameter in request String[] fields = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()) .getRequest().getParameterValues(fieldsParam); if (fields != null && fields.length != 0) { // get required field names List<String> names = new ArrayList<String>(); for (String field : fields) { String[] f_names = field.split("\s*,\s*"); names.addAll(Arrays.asList(f_names)); } // special management for Map ... if (t instanceof Map) { Map<?, ?> tmap = (Map<?, ?>) t; Map<String, Object> map = new linkedHashMap<String, Object>(); for (Entry entry : tmap.entrySet()) { String name = entry.getKey().toString(); if (names.contains(name)) { map.put(name, entry.getValue()); } } t = map; } else { try { Map<String, Object> map = getMap(t, names); t = map; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new HttpMessageNotWritableException("Error in field extraction", ex); } } } delegate.write(t, contentType, outputMessage); } public static Map<String, Object> getMap(Object obj, List<String> names) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException { Map<String, Object> values = new HashMap<String, Object>(); for (Class<?> clazz = obj.getClass(); clazz != Object.class; clazz = clazz.getSuperclass()) { for (Field field : clazz.getDeclaredFields()) { String name = field.getName(); if (names.contains(name)) { field.setAccessible(true); values.put(name, field.get(obj)); } } } return values; } }如果您希望转换器具有更多用途,则可以定义一个接口
public interface FieldsFilter { Map<String, Object> getMap(Object obj, List<String> names) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException;}并为其注入实现。
现在,您必须要求Spring MVC使用该自定义消息控制器。
如果使用XML config,则只需在
<mvc:annotation-driven>元素中声明它:
<mvc:annotation-driven > <mvc:message-converters> <bean id="jsonConverter" /> </mvc:message-converters></mvc:annotation-driven>
而且,如果您使用Java配置,它几乎就很简单:
@EnableWebMvc@Configurationpublic class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired JsonConverter jsonConv; @Override public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) { converters.add(jsonConv); StringHttpMessageConverter stringConverter = new StringHttpMessageConverter(); stringConverter.setWriteAcceptCharset(false); converters.add(new ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter()); converters.add(stringConverter); converters.add(new ResourceHttpMessageConverter()); converters.add(new SourceHttpMessageConverter<Source>()); converters.add(new AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter()); converters.add(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter()); }}但是在这里您必须明确地添加所需的所有默认消息转换器。



