LNMP架构的源码编译以及yum安装

目录

一、LNMP架构的编译安装

1. 安装nginx服务

2. 安装mysql服务

3. 安装配置php解析环境

4.部署Discuz!社区论坛web应用

二、LNMP架构的yum安装

1. 安装nginx

2. 安装mysql 5.7(mariadb)

3. 安装php7.2

4. 配置nginx支持php解析

5. 准备网页并测试

 6. 测试mysql

 总结

1. 安装nginx服务

（1）关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled

（2）安装依赖包

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

（3）创建运行用户

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

（4）编译安装

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /opt
[root@localhost opt]# cd nginx-1.12.0/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure 
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 
> --user=nginx 
> --group=nginx 
> --with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# make -j 2 && make install

（5）优化路径

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

（6）添加nginx系统服务

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# systemctl start nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# systemctl enable nginx.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.

2. 安装mysql服务

（1）安装mysql环境依赖包

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# yum -y install 
> ncurses 
> ncurses-devel 
> bison 
> cmake

（2）创建运行用户

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

（3）编译安装

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake 
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
> -DSYSConFDIR=/etc 
> -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql 
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 
> -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all 
> -DWITH_INNObase_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
> -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
> -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
> -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data 
> -DWITH_BOOST=boost 
> -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make -j 2 && make install

（4）修改mysql配置文件

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#删除全部内容后编辑
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

（5）更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主数组

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

（6）设置路径环境变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# source /etc/profile

（7）初始化数据库

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld 
> --initialize-insecure 
> --user=mysql 
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql 
> --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

（8）添加mysqld系统服务

[root@localhost bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.

（9）修改mysql的登录密码

[root@localhost bin]# mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"
Enter password: 
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

（10）授权远程登录

[root@localhost bin]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.20 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

3. 安装配置php解析环境

（1）安装环境依赖包

[root@localhost bin]# yum -y install gd 
> libjpeg libjpeg-devel 
> libpng libpng-devel 
> freetype freetype-devel 
> libxml2 libxml2-devel 
> zlib zlib-devel 
> curl curl-devel 
> openssl openssl-devel

（2）编译安装

[root@localhost bin]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]# cd php-7.1.10
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ./configure 
> --prefix=/usr/local/php 
> --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
> --with-mysqli 
> --with-zlib 
> --with-curl 
> --with-gd 
> --with-jpeg-dir 
> --with-png-dir 
> --with-freetype-dir 
> --with-openssl 
> --enable-fpm 
> --enable-mbstring 
> --enable-xml 
> --enable-session 
> --enable-ftp 
> --enable-pdo 
> --enable-tokenizer 
> --enable-zip
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# make -j 2 && make install

（3）路径优化

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

（4）调整php配置文件

php有三个配置文件，分别是：
主配置文件php.ini
进程服务配置文件php-fpm.conf
扩展配置文件www.conf

 调整主配置文件

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php7/php.ini
#在测试环境时使用php.ini-development文件，而在生产环境时使用php.ini-production文件
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

#1170行，修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
#939行，取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# php -m   #验证安装的模块
[PHP Modules]
Core
ctype
curl
date
dom
fileinfo
filter
ftp
gd
hash
iconv
json
libxml
mbstring
mysqli
mysqlnd
openssl
pcre
PDO
pdo_sqlite
Phar
posix
Reflection
session
SimpleXML
SPL
sqlite3
standard
tokenizer
xml
xmlreader
xmlwriter
zip
zlib

[Zend Modules]

调整进程服务配置文件

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf

#17行，删除注释符号“;”
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

调整扩展配置文件

[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf

（5）启动php-fpm

PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager：FastCGI 进程管理器)是一个 PHPFastCGI 管理器， 由于Nginx服务器不能处理动态页面，需要由 Nginx 把动态请求交给 php-fpm 进程进行解析。

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# netstat -anpt | grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      33883/php-fpm: mast 
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm
[root@localhost fpm]# cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
[root@localhost fpm]# systemctl restart php-fpm.service

（6）配置nginx支持php解析

[root@localhost fpm]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#65行-71行，取消注释，修改第69行，将/scripts 修改为nginx的工作目录
        location ~ .php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  script_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

[root@localhost fpm]# systemctl restart nginx.service

（7）验证php测试页

[root@localhost fpm]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

 （8）验证数据库工作是否正常

[root@localhost fpm]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.20 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> CREATE DATAbase bbs;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost fpm]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

 

4.部署Discuz!社区论坛web应用

（1）解压论坛软件

[root@localhost fpm]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  -d /opt/dis

（2）新建web目录

[root@localhost opt]# cd /opt/dis/dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/

（3）调整论坛目录的权限

[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./{config,data,uc_server,uc_client}

（4）安装bbs

 

 

（5）访问

用户访问页面：http://IP地址/bbs/index.php

管理访问页面：http://IP地址/bbs/admin.php

二、LNMP架构的yum安装

1. 安装nginx

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y nginx
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.20.1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start nginx
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.

2. 安装mysql 5.7(mariadb)

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum remove mariadb*

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable mysqld.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
#在日志文件中找出root用户的初始密码
2021-08-12T12:46:18.886611Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: RGYWjmMOK3#Y
#初始密码为RGYWjmMOK3#Y
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mysql -u root -p
#登录mysql
Enter password: 
#输入密码RGYWjmMOK3#Y
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.35

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin@123';
#密码设置要求有大小写字母、数字和符号组合
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by "Admin@123" with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch
#为了防止每次yum操作都会自动更新，卸载这个软件

3. 安装php7.2

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72w-embedded php72w-gd php72w-mbstring php72w-pdo php72w-xml php72w-fpm php72w-mysqlnd php72w-opcache php72w-redis
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable php-fpm
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# php -v
PHP 7.2.34 (cli) (built: Oct  1 2020 13:37:37) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.2.34, Copyright (c) 1999-2018, by Zend Technologies

4. 配置nginx支持php解析

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d
[root@localhost conf.d]# vim default.conf
#删除29-35行注释符号#，将33行的/scripts修改为nginx的工作目录
    location ~ .php$ {
        root           html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  script_FILENAME  /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }

[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart nginx.service

5. 准备网页并测试

[root@localhost html]# vim index.php

 6. 测试mysql

[root@localhost html]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php

 总结

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