我通常会执行以下操作。首先，定义一个基于模板方法的类来处理try / catch混乱
import java.io.Closeable;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.linkedList;import java.util.List;public abstract class AutoFileCloser { // the core action pre that the implementer wants to run protected abstract void doWork() throws Throwable; // track a list of closeable thingies to close when finished private List<Closeable> closeables_ = new linkedList<Closeable>(); // give the implementer a way to track things to close // assumes this is called in order for nested closeables, // inner-most to outer-most protected final <T extends Closeable> T autoClose(T closeable) { closeables_.add(0, closeable); return closeable; } public AutoFileCloser() { // a variable to track a "meaningful" exception, in case // a close() throws an exception Throwable pending = null; try { doWork(); // do the real work } catch (Throwable throwable) { pending = throwable; } finally { // close the watched streams for (Closeable closeable : closeables_) { if (closeable != null) { try { closeable.close(); } catch (Throwable throwable) { if (pending == null) { pending = throwable; } } } } // if we had a pending exception, rethrow it // this is necessary b/c the close can throw an // exception, which would remove the pending // status of any exception thrown in the try block if (pending != null) { if (pending instanceof RuntimeException) { throw (RuntimeException) pending; } else { throw new RuntimeException(pending); } } } }}请注意“待处理”异常-处理关闭期间抛出的异常会掩盖我们可能真正关心的异常的情况。
最后尝试首先从任何装饰的流的外部关闭，因此，如果你有包裹FileWriter的BufferedWriter，我们将尝试先关闭BuffereredWriter，如果失败，仍然尝试关闭FileWriter本身。（请注意，Closeable的定义要求close（）在流已关闭的情况下忽略该调用）
你可以按如下方式使用上述类：
try { // ... new AutoFileCloser() { @Override protected void doWork() throws Throwable { // declare variables for the readers and "watch" them FileReader fileReader = autoClose(fileReader = new FileReader("somefile")); BufferedReader bufferedReader = autoClose(bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader)); // ... do something with bufferedReader // if you need more than one reader or writer FileWriter fileWriter = autoClose(fileWriter = new FileWriter("someOtherFile")); BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = autoClose(bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter)); // ... do something with bufferedWriter } }; // .. other logic, maybe more AutoFileClosers} catch (RuntimeException e) { // report or log the exception}使用这种方法，你不必担心尝试/捕获/最终再次处理关闭文件的麻烦。
如果这对于你的使用来说太重了，至少要考虑遵循try / catch及其使用的“ pending”变量方法。
