Linux CentOS7.9安装oracle11g及注意事项（1）

• 前期准备

 1.创建目录存放安装包

mkdir /opt/software/

2.上传安装包并解压

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

3.修改hostname

vi /etc/hosts       #末尾添加ip+名称 如：172.19.20.92 citrus_01

4.修改系统参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf    

# 物理内存32G时
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 4194304
kernel.shmmax = 17179869184
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 128000 100 1024
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max= 4194304
net.core.wmem_default= 262144
net.core.wmem_max= 1048576

# 物理内存16G时
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 8589934592
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 128000 100 1024
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max= 4194304
net.core.wmem_default= 262144
net.core.wmem_max= 1048576

- -  保存后运行 sysctl -p使其生效

sysctl -p

5.修改认证模块

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

# 末尾添加
oracle   soft    nproc    2047
oracle   hard    nproc    16384
oracle   soft    nofile     1024
oracle   hard    nofile    65536

6.修改用户登录

vi /etc/pam.d/login

# 末尾添加
session   required    /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session   required    pam_limits.so

7.修改配置文件

vi /etc/profile

# 末尾添加
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
        ulimit -p 16384
        ulimit -n 65536
    else
        ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
fi

8.关闭防火墙（安装VNC时已关闭，检查是否关闭即可）

systemctl status firewalld.service      # 首先查看防火墙的状态
systemctl stop firewalld service        # 关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld.service     # 开机禁止防火墙服务器
systemctl enable firewalld.service      # 开机启动防火墙服务器

9.关闭selinux

# 临时关闭：setenforce 0
vim /etc/selinux/config    #  设置SELINUX=disabled

10.创建用户组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba

useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle
passwd oracle 
# 弹出输入密码，输入两次确认

11.创建存放安装的目录及数据文件存放目录

mkdir /opt/oracle/
mkdir /opt/oracle/oraInventory

12.更改文件夹隶属给oracle用户

chown -R oracle:dba /opt/oracle/oraInventory
chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle
chmod 777 /opt/oracle    # 权限

13.安装依赖包 （以防缺少，我是把下面都装一遍o(╥﹏╥)o，装过了也就提示已安装不影响）

yum -y install binutils compat compat-libstdc gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

yum -y install binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64
    compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64
    compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686
    compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64
    gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
    gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
    glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686
    glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
    glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686
    glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
    ksh
    libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
    libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
    libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
    libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
    libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
    libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
    libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
    libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
    libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
    libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
    libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686
    libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64
    libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686
    libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64
    make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64
    sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64

yum -y install binutils* compat-libcap1* compat-libstdc++* gcc* gcc-c++* glibc* glibc-devel* ksh* libaio* libaio-devel* libgcc* libstdc++* libstdc++-devel* libXi* libXtst* make* sysstat* elfutils* unixODBC* --skip-broken

yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 glibc.i686 glibc-devel.i686 libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686 libgcc.i686 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel.i686 libXi.i686 libXtst.i686

   - -    关于配置yum本地源这里不详细说了

14.配置oracle用户的环境变量（我这里是喜欢提前配置）

su - oracle

vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_base=/opt/oracle/app    
# 注意这里是安装oracle时的目录，默认的好像是/home/oracle/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_base/product/11.2.0/db_1
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LIBPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LIBPATH