LNMP的安装

一.原理
- 1.LNMP架构解读
- 2.MySQL安装配置
- - 编译安装MySQL
- 3.PHP解析环境的安装
- - 编译安装PHP
二.安装步骤
- 安装nginx
- 安装数据库
- 安装php
- 网页调试

一.原理 1.LNMP架构解读

LNMP平台就是Linux、Ngnix、MySQL、PHP的组合架构，需要Linux服务器、MySQL数据库、PHP解析环境

2.MySQL安装配置

为了与Nginx、PHP环境保持一致，此处选择采码编译的方式安装MySQL组件
MySQL部署的方法

编译安装MySQL

优化调整
初始化数据库
启动MySQL服务并设置root数据库账号的密码

3.PHP解析环境的安装

配置网页动静分离，解析PHP，有两种方法可以选择。
使用PHP的FPM模块
将访问PHP页面的Web请求转交给Apache服务器去处理
较新版本的PHP已经自带FPM模块，对PHP解析实例进行管理、优化解析效率
FastCGI将Http|Server和动态脚本语言分离开
Nginx专门处理静态请求，转发动态请求
PHP-FPM专门解析PHP动态请求

单服务器的LNMP架构通常使用FPM方式来解析PHP

编译安装PHP

编译选项时添加“-enable-fpm”以启用此模块安装后的调整
主要是配置文件的建立与相应命令工具的路径优化
安装ZendGuardLoader(提高PHP解析效率)，并进行加
载配置

二.安装步骤安装nginx

yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.120.tar.gz -C /opt

编译安装

[root@localhost opt]# cd nginx-1.12.0
./configure 
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx 
--user=nginx 
--group=nginx 
--with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ss -natp|grep 80
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ss -natp|grep 80
LISTEN     0      128          *:80                       *:*                   users:(("nginx",pid=4442,fd=6),("nginx",pid=4441,fd=6))
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# kill -3 4441

[root@localhost opt]# cd /etc/init.d/
[root@localhost init.d]# vim nginx
#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 35 99 20
#descripton:Nginx Service Control script
cmd="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
pid="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
case $1 in
start)
$cmd
;;

stop)
kill -3 `cat $pid`
;;

restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;

reload)
kill -1 `cat $pid`
;;

*)
echo "please input start,stop,reload,restart:"
exit 0
;;
esac
exit 1

[root@localhost init.d]# chmod +x nginx
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --add nginx

安装数据库

[root@localhost opt]# tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz -C /opt
安装依赖环境包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install 
> ncurses 
> ncurses-devel 
> bison 
> cmake

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

[root@localhost opt]# cd mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake 
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
> -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc 
> -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql 
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 
> -DWITH_INNObase_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
> -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
> -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
> -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data 
> -DWITH_BOOST=boost 
> -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make && make install

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cd /etc
[root@localhost etc]# ls| grep my
my.cnf
my.cnf.d
[root@localhost etc]# cp my.cnf my.cnf.default
[root@localhost etc]# ls| grep my
my.cnf
my.cnf.d
my.cnf.default
[root@localhost etc]# vim my.cnf            清空里面的内容然后黏贴下面的内容
[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

设置环境变量
[root@localhost etc]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost etc]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost etc]# source /etc/profile

[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld 
> --initialize-insecure 
> --user=mysql 
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql 
> --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost mysql]# cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-11-09 10:29:48 CST; 9s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 24961 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 24939 ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 24964 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─24964 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid

Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: 2021-11-09T02:29:48.316914Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: 2021-11-09T02:29:48.317280Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: 2021-11-09T02:29:48.317302Z 0 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: 2021-11-09T02:29:48.317317Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: 2021-11-09T02:29:48.323027Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: 2021-11-09T02:29:48.323198Z 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: Version: '5.7.20'  socket: '/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  Source distribution
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: 2021-11-09T02:29:48.323204Z 0 [Note] Executing 'SELECt * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;' to get a list of tables using t...this check.
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain mysqld[24961]: 2021-11-09T02:29:48.323207Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables
Nov 09 10:29:48 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -anpt | grep 3306
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      24964/mysqld

设置密码，初始是空密码
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p password
Enter password: 
New password: 
Confirm new password: 
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

登录数据库
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root -p 
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.20 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

安装php

安装环境

[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install 
> libjpeg 
> libjpeg-devel 
> libpng libpng-devel 
> freetype freetype-devel 
> libxml2 
> libxml2-devel 
> zlib zlib-devel 
> curl curl-devel 
> openssl openssl-devel

编译安装

[root@localhost opt]# tar xjvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]# cd php-7.1.10/
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ./configure 
> --prefix=/usr/local/php 
> --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
> --with-mysqli 
> --with-zlib 
> --with-curl 
> --with-gd 
> --with-jpeg-dir 
> --with-png-dir 
> --with-freetype-dir 
> --with-openssl 
> --enable-fpm 
> --enable-mbstring 
> --enable-xml 
> --enable-session 
> --enable-ftp 
> --enable-pdo 
> --enable-tokenizer 
> --enable-zip
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# make && make install

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

改成

-----------配置及优化FPM模块--------

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp  php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# vi php-fpm.conf

启动此行取消；

[root@localhost etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost etc]# netstat -anpt | grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      32547/php-fpm: mast 
[root@localhost etc]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost etc]# ps aux | grep -c "php-fpm"
4

--------以下是让nginx支持PHP功能--------

[root@localhost etc]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

69行改这样

[root@localhost etc]# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

[root@localhost etc]# service nginx start

在网页测试“http://192.168.133.75/index.php”

--------下面测试数据库工作是否正常-----

mysql -u root -p     

CREATE DATAbase bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;

########以下安装论坛##########

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip
[root@localhost opt]# cd dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/

网页调试

打开网页http://192.168.133.75/bbs/install/index.php

这里点我同意

这里点下一步

数据库服务器：localhost ###本地架设就用localhost，如何不是在在本机上就要填写IP地址和端口号
数据库名字：bbs
数据库用户名：bbsuser
数据库密码：admin123
管理员账号:admin
管理员密码:admin123 自己设定

LNMP的安装

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