Zend Framework教程之视图组件Zend_View用法详解

本文实例讲述了Zend framework教程之视图组件Zend_View用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

Zend_View是Zend framework的视图组件，MVC中的视图层。 Zend_View也是应用的直接对用户展示的页面。这里介绍一下Zend_View的实现类，以及如何和Controller结合在一起的。

View的实现

Zend_View的实现主要是通过如下目录的类实现：

root@coder-671T-M:/library/Zend# tree | grep View.php
│   └── View/
├── View.php

root@coder-671T-M:/library/Zend/View# tree
.
├── Abstract.php
├── Exception.php
├── Helper
│   ├── Abstract.php
│   ├── Action.php
│   ├── baseUrl.php
│   ├── Currency.php
│   ├── Cycle.php
│   ├── DeclareVars.php
│   ├── Doctype.php
│   ├── Fieldset.php
│   ├── FormButton.php
│   ├── FormCheckbox.php
│   ├── FormElement.php
│   ├── FormErrors.php
│   ├── FormFile.php
│   ├── FormHidden.php
│   ├── FormImage.php
│   ├── FormLabel.php
│   ├── FormMultiCheckbox.php
│   ├── FormNote.php
│   ├── FormPassword.php
│   ├── Form.php
│   ├── FormRadio.php
│   ├── FormReset.php
│   ├── FormSelect.php
│   ├── FormSubmit.php
│   ├── Formtextarea.php
│   ├── FormText.php
│   ├── Gravatar.php
│   ├── Headlink.php
│   ├── Headmeta.php
│   ├── Headscript.php
│   ├── HeadStyle.php
│   ├── HeadTitle.php
│   ├── HtmlElement.php
│   ├── HtmlFlash.php
│   ├── HtmlList.php
│   ├── HtmlObject.php
│   ├── HtmlPage.php
│   ├── HtmlQuicktime.php
│   ├── Inlinescript.php
│   ├── Interface.php
│   ├── Json.php
│   ├── Layout.php
│   ├── Navigation
│   │   ├── Breadcrumbs.php
│   │   ├── HelperAbstract.php
│   │   ├── Helper.php
│   │   ├── links.php
│   │   ├── Menu.php
│   │   └── Sitemap.php
│   ├── Navigation.php
│   ├── PaginationControl.php
│   ├── Partial
│   │   └── Exception.php
│   ├── PartialLoop.php
│   ├── Partial.php
│   ├── Placeholder
│   │   ├── Container
│   │   │   ├── Abstract.php
│   │   │   ├── Exception.php
│   │   │   └── Standalone.php
│   │   ├── Container.php
│   │   ├── Registry
│   │   │   └── Exception.php
│   │   └── Registry.php
│   ├── Placeholder.php
│   ├── RenderToPlaceholder.php
│   ├── ServerUrl.php
│   ├── TinySrc.php
│   ├── Translate.php
│   ├── Url.php
│   └── UserAgent.php
├── Interface.php
└── Stream.php

6 directories, 70 files

Zend_View和Zend_Controller的整合

主要在Zend_Controller_Action类中,

  public function initView()
  {
    if (!$this->getInvokeArg('noViewRenderer') && $this->_helper->hasHelper('viewRenderer')) {
      return $this->view;
    }
    require_once 'Zend/View/Interface.php';
    if (isset($this->view) && ($this->view instanceof Zend_View_Interface)) {
      return $this->view;
    }
    $request = $this->getRequest();
    $module = $request->getModuleName();
    $dirs  = $this->getFrontController()->getControllerDirectory();
    if (empty($module) || !isset($dirs[$module])) {
      $module = $this->getFrontController()->getDispatcher()->getDefaultModule();
    }
    $baseDir = dirname($dirs[$module]) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'views';
    if (!file_exists($baseDir) || !is_dir($baseDir)) {
      require_once 'Zend/Controller/Exception.php';
      throw new Zend_Controller_Exception('Missing base view directory ("' . $baseDir . '")');
    }
    require_once 'Zend/View.php';
    $this->view = new Zend_View(array('basePath' => $baseDir));
    return $this->view;
  }
  
  public function render($action = null, $name = null, $noController = false)
  {
    if (!$this->getInvokeArg('noViewRenderer') && $this->_helper->hasHelper('viewRenderer')) {
      return $this->_helper->viewRenderer->render($action, $name, $noController);
    }
    $view  = $this->initView();
    $script = $this->getViewscript($action, $noController);
    $this->getResponse()->appendBody(
      $view->render($script),
      $name
    );
  }
  
  public function renderscript($script, $name = null)
  {
    if (!$this->getInvokeArg('noViewRenderer') && $this->_helper->hasHelper('viewRenderer')) {
      return $this->_helper->viewRenderer->renderscript($script, $name);
    }
    $view = $this->initView();
    $this->getResponse()->appendBody(
      $view->render($script),
      $name
    );
  }

Zend_View.php类

_useViewStream = (bool) ini_get('short_open_tag') ? false : true;
    if ($this->_useViewStream) {
      if (!in_array('zend.view', stream_get_wrappers())) {
 require_once 'Zend/View/Stream.php';
 stream_wrapper_register('zend.view', 'Zend_View_Stream');
      }
    }
    if (array_key_exists('useStreamWrapper', $config)) {
      $this->setUseStreamWrapper($config['useStreamWrapper']);
    }
    parent::__construct($config);
  }
  
  public function setUseStreamWrapper($flag)
  {
    $this->_useStreamWrapper = (bool) $flag;
    return $this;
  }
  
  public function useStreamWrapper()
  {
    return $this->_useStreamWrapper;
  }
  
  protected function _run()
  {
    if ($this->_useViewStream && $this->useStreamWrapper()) {
      include 'zend.view://' . func_get_arg(0);
    } else {
      include func_get_arg(0);
    }
  }
}

默认情况会自动通过Controller会通过render方法来实例化Zend_View, 然后rener到对应的视图文件中。当然可以自己实例化Zend_View，然后使用。

action默认指向的文件是和action的名称相同，如果要指定视图文件，可以通过$this->render的相关方法指定.也可以通过addscriptPath和setscriptPath设置视图文件的目录。

例如

$view = new Zend_View();
$view->addscriptPath('/www/app/myviews');
$view->addscriptPath('/www/app/viewscomm');
// 如果调用 $view->render('example.php'), Zend_View 将
// 首先查找 "/www/app/myviews/example.php", 找不到再找"/www/app/viewscomm/example.php", 如果还找不到，最后查找当前目录下/的"example.php".

Zend_View的常用方法

public function __construct($config = array())

构造函数参数

例如

array(
 'escape' => array(),
 'encoding' => array(),
);

常见key：

escape、encoding、basePath、basePathPrefix、scriptPath、helperPath、 helperPathPrefix、filterPath、filterPathPrefix、filter
public function getEngine() Return the template engine object

public function init()初始化函数

public function setbasePath($path, $classPrefix = 'Zend_View')

public function addbasePath($path, $classPrefix = 'Zend_View')
public function addscriptPath($path)Adds to the stack of view script paths in LIFO order.
public function setscriptPath($path) Resets the stack of view script paths.
public function getscriptPath($name)Return full path to a view script specified by $name
public function getscriptPaths()Returns an array of all currently set script paths
public function addHelperPath($path, $classPrefix = 'Zend_View_Helper_')Adds to the stack of helper paths in LIFO order.
public function setHelperPath($path, $classPrefix = 'Zend_View_Helper_')Resets the stack of helper paths.
public function getHelperPath($name) Get full path to a helper class file specified by $name
public function getHelperPaths()Returns an array of all currently set helper paths
public function getHelper($name) Get a helper by name
public function getHelpers()Get array of all active helpers
public function getAllPaths() Return associative array of path types => paths
public function setEscape($spec)

public function assign($spec, $value = null)

在controller的action可以通过assign传递参数到视图脚本。

例如

$this->view->assign('roles', $roles);
$this->view->assign('num', $num);
$this->view->assign('a', $a);

或者也可以用

$this->view->roles=$roles;
$this->view->a=$a;
public function render($name) Processes a view script and returns the output.
public function escape($var):Escapes a value for output in a view script.
public function setEncoding($encoding) Set encoding to use with htmlentities() and htmlspecialchars()
public function getEncoding() :Return current escape encoding

视图脚本文件中的常见用法：

获取传递过来的值

$this->roles

使用一些常见的助手方法：

$this->baseUrl();
$this->url();
$this->paginationControl();
$this->partial()

视图常见用法举例

在bootstrap初始化view或者controller的init文件中

protected function _initViewHelper()
{
  $boot=$this->bootstrap('View');
  $view = $boot->getResource('View');
 $view->setHelperPath('Sql/View/Helper', 'Sql_View_Helper');
}

action中

public function listAction()
{
  $this->view->assign('data', $data);
}

视图文件

list.phtml

data as $item) : ?>

    item1);?>

更多关于zend相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《Zend frameWork框架入门教程》、《php优秀开发框架总结》、《Yii框架入门及常用技巧总结》、《ThinkPHP入门教程》、《php面向对象程序设计入门教程》、《php+mysql数据库操作入门教程》及《php常见数据库操作技巧汇总》

希望本文所述对大家PHP程序设计有所帮助。