请注意，您正在使用特定于Hibernate的功能CollectionOfElements。这不是严格的JPA。您可以使用HQL特定
elements功能执行此操作：
select f from Family f WHERe :element in elements(f.elements)
这是一个工作示例：
import org.hibernate.annotations.CollectionOfElements;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;import javax.persistence.JoinTable;import javax.persistence.Persistence;import javax.persistence.Query;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.List; @Entity public class Family { @Id int id; String name; @CollectionOfElements(targetElement = java.lang.String.class) @JoinTable(name = "elements_family", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "idFamily") ) @Column(name = "element", nullable = false) public List<String> elements; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("mysql"); EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); try { Family f1 = new Family(); f1.id = 1; f1.name = "Happy"; f1.elements = Arrays.asList("foo", "bar", "yyy", "zzz"); Family f2 = new Family(); f1.id = 2; f2.name = "Disfunctional"; f2.elements = Arrays.asList("foo", "bar", "yyy", "xxx"); EntityTransaction tx = em.getTransaction(); tx.begin(); em.persist(f1); em.persist(f2); tx.commit(); Query query = em.createQuery( "select f from Family f WHERe :element in elements(f.elements)"); query.setParameter("element", "bar"); List list = query.getResultList(); assert list.size() == 2; } finally { em.close(); emf.close(); } } }为了完整起见，persistence.xml
<persistence-unit name="mysql" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <class>jpa.Family</class> <properties> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="test"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="test"/> <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.max_fetch_depth" value="3"/> <property name="hibernate.bytepre.use_reflection_optimizer" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.generate_statistics" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create"/> </properties></persistence-unit>
