public class Array02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {11,22,33,10,32,23,43,12,43};
// 找出arr这个数组中200所在的下标。
// 调用方法。
int num = 12;
int index = arraySearch(arr,num);
System.out.println(index == -1 ? num + "元素不存在!" : num + "元素的下标:" + index);
}
public static int arraySearch(int[] arr, int ele) {
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (ele == arr[i]){
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}
运行结果:
D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101binjava.exe "-javaagent:D:IDEAAZIntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.1libidea_rt.jar=53903:D:IDEAAZIntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.1bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibcharsets.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibdeploy.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextaccess-bridge-64.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextcldrdata.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextdnsns.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextjaccess.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextjfxrt.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextlocaledata.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextnashorn.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunec.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunjce_provider.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunmscapi.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunpkcs11.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextzipfs.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjavaws.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjce.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjfr.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjfxswt.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjsse.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibmanagement-agent.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibplugin.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibresources.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibrt.jar;F:Java进阶IdeaDay11_5outproductionDay11_5 Array.Array02 12元素的下标:7 Process finished with exit code 0
2.第二种方式:二分法查找(算法),这个效率较高。
代码:
二分法查找(折半查找)
第一:二分法查找建立在排序的基础之上。
第二:二分法查找效率高于“一个挨着一个”的这种查找方式。
第三:二分法查找原理?
10 23 56 89 100 111 222 235 500 600 arr数组
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9目标:找出 600 的下标
开始下标:0
结束下标:9
(0 + 9)/ 2 ---> 4 (中间元素的下标)
arr[4]这个元素就是中间元素:arr[4]=100
100 < 600
说明被查找的元素在 100 的右边开始下标:4 + 1
结束下标:9
(5 + 9)/ 2 = 7(中间元素的下标)
arr[7]就是中间元素,对应 235
235 < 600
说明被查找的元素在 235 的右边开始下标:7 + 1
结束下标:9
(8 + 9)/ 2 = 8(中间元素的下标)
arr[8]就是中间元素,对应 500
500 < 600
说明被查找的元素在 235 的右边开始下标:8 + 1
结束下标:9
(9 + 9)/ 2 = 9(中间元素的下标)
arr[9]就是中间元素,对应 600
600 = 600
此时找到了二分法查找的终止条件:一直折半,知道中间的那个元素恰好是被查找的元素。
public class ArrayUtil {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 这个数组已经排序的。
int[] arr = {100,200,230,235,600,1000,2000,9999};
// 找出arr这个数组中200所在的下标。
// 调用方法。
int num = 200;
int index = binarySearch(arr,num);
System.out.println(index == -1 ? num + "元素不存在!" : num+ "元素的下标:" + index);
}
public static int binarySearch(int[] arr, int dest) {
// 开始下标。
int begin = 0;
// 结束下标.
int end = arr.length - 1;
// 开始元素下标只要在结束元素下标的左边,就有机会继续循环。
while(begin <= end){
// 中间元素下标
int mid = (begin + end) / 2;
if (arr[mid] == dest){
return mid;
} else if (arr[mid] < dest){
// 目标在“中间“的右边。
// 开始元素下标需要发生变化(开始元素的下标需要重新赋值)。
begin = mid + 1; // 一直增。
} else {
// arr[mid] > dest
// 目标元素在”中间“左边
// 修改结束元素下标
end = mid - 1; // 一直减
}
}
return -1;
}
}
运行结果:
D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101binjava.exe "-javaagent:D:IDEAAZIntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.1libidea_rt.jar=53989:D:IDEAAZIntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.1bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibcharsets.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibdeploy.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextaccess-bridge-64.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextcldrdata.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextdnsns.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextjaccess.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextjfxrt.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextlocaledata.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextnashorn.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunec.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunjce_provider.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunmscapi.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunpkcs11.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextzipfs.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjavaws.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjce.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjfr.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjfxswt.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjsse.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibmanagement-agent.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibplugin.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibresources.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibrt.jar;F:Java进阶IdeaDay11_5outproductionDay11_5 Array.ArrayUtil 200元素的下标:1 Process finished with exit code 03.好消息
代码:(1)SUN公司为我们程序员写好了一个数组工具类。
(2)java.util.Arrays;
(3)java.util.Arrays; 工具类有哪些方法,我们开发的时候要参考API帮助文档。
// 导入数组工具包
import java.util.Arrays;
public class ArrayTest01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {3,6,5,1,2,32};
// 排序
Arrays.sort(arr);
// 遍历
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
System.out.print(arr[i] + "t");
}
// 分隔
System.out.println("n=======");
// 二分法查找(建立在排序的基础之上)如果有相同的,遇到谁就是谁,不一定是第一个
int num = 32;
int index = Arrays.binarySearch(arr,num);
System.out.println(index == -1 ? num + "元素不存在!" : num+ "元素的下标:" + index);
}
}
运行结果:
D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101binjava.exe "-javaagent:D:IDEAAZIntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.1libidea_rt.jar=54342:D:IDEAAZIntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.1bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibcharsets.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibdeploy.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextaccess-bridge-64.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextcldrdata.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextdnsns.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextjaccess.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextjfxrt.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextlocaledata.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextnashorn.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunec.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunjce_provider.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunmscapi.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextsunpkcs11.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibextzipfs.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjavaws.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjce.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjfr.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjfxswt.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibjsse.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibmanagement-agent.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibplugin.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibresources.jar;D:JDKjdk1.8.0_101jrelibrt.jar;F:Java进阶IdeaDay11_5outproductionDay11_5 Array.ArrayTest01 1 2 3 5 6 32 ======= 32元素的下标:5 Process finished with exit code 0



