对于 MySQL版本
<8.0（OP的版本是5.6）：
问题陈述看起来需要DENSE_RANK功能
groupVarian; 但是事实并非如此。正如 @Gordon
Linoff
解释的
那样 ：
您似乎希望按它们在数据中出现的顺序来枚举它们。
假设您的表名是
t（请为您的代码相应地更改表名和字段名）。这是一种利用会话变量的方法（
对于MySQL的较早版本 ），给出期望的结果（ DB Fiddle ）：
SET @row_number = 0;SELECt t3.caseID, t3.groupVarian, CONCAt('v', t2.num) AS nameVarianFROM ( SELECt (@row_number:=@row_number + 1) AS num, t1.groupVarian FROM ( SELECt DISTINCT groupVarian FROM t ORDER BY caseID ASC ) AS t1 ) AS t2 INNER JOIN t AS t3 ON t3.groupVarian = t2.groupVarian ORDER BY t3.caseID ASC另外：
我之前的模拟
DENSE_RANK功能的尝试效果很好。尽管也可以对先前的查询进行一些微调以实现
DENSE_RANK功能。但是，以下查询效率更高，因为它创建的
Derived表较少 ，并避免了 JOIN on
groupVarian：
SET @row_number = 1;SET @group_varian = '';SELECt inner_nest.caseID, inner_nest.groupVarian, CONCAt('v', inner_nest.num) as nameVarian FROM ( SELECt caseID, @row_number:=CASE WHEN @group_varian = groupVarian THEN @row_number ELSE @row_number + 1 END AS num, @group_varian:=groupVarian as groupVarian FROM t ORDER BY groupVarian ) AS inner_nest ORDER BY inner_nest.caseID ASC
