我找到了一个可行的解决方案：“关键字”令牌生成器。创建一个自定义分析器，并将其用于我要保留的字段的映射中，而不用空格分开：
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/botanic/' -d '{ "settings":{ "index":{ "analysis":{"analyzer":{ "keylower":{ "tokenizer":"keyword", "filter":"lowercase" }} } } }, "mappings":{ "specimens" : { "_all" : {"enabled" : true}, "_index" : {"enabled" : true}, "_id" : {"index": "not_analyzed", "store" : false}, "properties" : { "_id" : {"type" : "string", "store" : "no","index": "not_analyzed" } , ... "LOCATIONID" : {"type" : "string", "store" : "yes","index": "not_analyzed" } , "AVERAGEALTITUDEROUNDED" : {"type" : "string", "store" : "yes","index": "analyzed" } , "CONTINENT" : {"type" : "string","analyzer":"keylower" } , "COUNTRYNAME" : {"type" : "string","analyzer":"keylower" } , "COUNTRYCODE" : {"type" : "string", "store" : "yes","index": "analyzed" } , "COUNTY" : {"type" : "string","analyzer":"keylower" } , "LOCALITY" : {"type" : "string","analyzer":"keylower" } } } }}'因此我可以在字段COUNTRYNAME的查询中使用通配符，该字段不会被拆分：
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/botanic/specimens/_search?size=10' -d '{"fields" : ["COUNTRYNAME"], "query": {"query_string" : { "query": "COUNTRYNAME:bol*"}},"aggs" : { "general" : { "terms" : { "field" : "COUNTRYNAME", "size":0 } }}}'结果 ：
{ "took" : 14, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 45, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [{ "_index" : "botanic", "_type" : "specimens", "_id" : "91E7B53B61DF4E76BF70C780315A5DFD", "_score" : 1.0, "fields" : { "COUNTRYNAME" : ["Bolivia, Plurinational State of"] } }, { "_index" : "botanic", "_type" : "specimens", "_id" : "7D811B5D08FF4F17BA174A3D294B5986", "_score" : 1.0, "fields" : { "COUNTRYNAME" : ["Bolivia, Plurinational State of"] } } ... ] }, "aggregations" : { "general" : { "buckets" : [{ "key" : "bolivia, plurinational state of", "doc_count" : 45 } ] } }}
