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如何在JavaScript中比较数组?

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如何在JavaScript中比较数组?

要比较数组,请遍历它们并比较每个值:

比较数组:

// Warn if overriding existing methodif(Array.prototype.equals)    console.warn("Overriding existing Array.prototype.equals. Possible causes: New API defines the method, there's a framework conflict or you've got double inclusions in your pre.");// attach the .equals method to Array's prototype to call it on any arrayArray.prototype.equals = function (array) {    // if the other array is a falsy value, return    if (!array)        return false;    // compare lengths - can save a lot of time     if (this.length != array.length)        return false;    for (var i = 0, l=this.length; i < l; i++) {        // Check if we have nested arrays        if (this[i] instanceof Array && array[i] instanceof Array) { // recurse into the nested arrays if (!this[i].equals(array[i]))     return false;    }        else if (this[i] != array[i]) {  // Warning - two different object instances will never be equal: {x:20} != {x:20} return false;}    }return true;}// Hide method from for-in loopsObject.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "equals", {enumerable: false});

用法:

[1, 2, [3, 4]].equals([1, 2, [3, 2]]) === false;[1, "2,3"].equals([1, 2, 3]) === false;[1, 2, [3, 4]].equals([1, 2, [3, 4]]) === true;[1, 2, 1, 2].equals([1, 2, 1, 2]) === true;

您可能会说“ 但是比较字符串要快得多-没有循环…
”,那么,您应该注意存在ARE循环。第一个递归循环将Array转换为字符串,第二个递归循环比较两个字符串。因此,此方法 比使用string更快

我认为,应将大量数据始终存储在数组中,而不是对象中。但是,如果使用对象,也可以部分比较它们。
就是这样:

比较对象:

上面我已经说过,即使此时两个对象 实例 包含相同的数据,它们也永远不会相等:

({a:1, foo:"bar", numberOfTheBeast: 666}) == ({a:1, foo:"bar", numberOfTheBeast: 666})  //false

这是有原因的,因为对象中可能存在例如私有变量。

但是,如果仅使用对象结构来包含数据,则仍然可以进行比较:

Object.prototype.equals = function(object2) {    //For the first loop, we only check for types    for (propName in this) {        //Check for inherited methods and properties - like .equals itself        //https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Javascript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/hasOwnProperty        //Return false if the return value is different        if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) { return false;        }        //Check instance type        else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) { //Different types => not equal return false;        }    }    //Now a deeper check using other objects property names    for(propName in object2) {        //We must check instances anyway, there may be a property that only exists in object2 //I wonder, if remembering the checked values from the first loop would be faster or not         if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) { return false;        }        else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) { return false;        }        //If the property is inherited, do not check any more (it must be equa if both objects inherit it)        if(!this.hasOwnProperty(propName))          continue;        //Now the detail check and recursion        //This returns the script back to the array comparing                if (this[propName] instanceof Array && object2[propName] instanceof Array) {        // recurse into the nested arraysif (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName]))  return false;        }        else if (this[propName] instanceof Object && object2[propName] instanceof Object) {        // recurse into another objects        //console.log("Recursing to compare ", this[propName],"with",object2[propName], " both named ""+propName+""");if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName]))  return false;        }        //Normal value comparison for strings and numbers        else if(this[propName] != object2[propName]) {return false;        }    }    //If everything passed, let's say YES    return true;}

但是,请记住,这是用于比较JSON之类的数据,而不是类实例和其他内容。如果您想比较复杂的物体,请看这个答案,它是超长函数。
要使用此

Array.equals
功能,您必须对原始功能进行一些编辑:

...    // Check if we have nested arrays    if (this[i] instanceof Array && array[i] instanceof Array) {        // recurse into the nested arrays        if (!this[i].equals(array[i])) return false;    }        else if (this[i] instanceof Object && array[i] instanceof Object) {        // recurse into another objects        //console.log("Recursing to compare ", this[propName],"with",object2[propName], " both named ""+propName+""");        if (!this[i].equals(array[i])) return false;        }    else if (this[i] != array[i]) {...

我为这两个功能都做了一个小测试工具。

奖励:使用
indexOf
和的嵌套数组
contains

Samy Bencherif为您在嵌套数组中搜索特定对象的情况准备了有用的功能,可在以下位置找到:https
:
//jsfiddle.net/SamyBencherif/8352y6yw/



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