debootstrap制作arm平台linux
参考资料
Debootstrap - Debian Wiki
一、自动安装
1、组件安装
sudo apt install qemu-user-static sudo apt install ubuntu-dev-tools sudo apt install debootstrap
2、命令说明
sudo debootstrap --arch |平台| |发行版本代号| |目录| |安装源|
3、安装debian
sudo mkdir /mnt/debian sudo debootstrap --arch armhf buster /mnt/debian https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/
4、复制qemu
sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static /mnt/debian/usr/bin/
5、进入目录更新组件
sudo chroot /mnt/debian echo "debian-arm" >/etc/hostname echo "127.0.0.1 localhost" >/etc/hosts echo "127.0.1.1 debian-arm" >/etc/hosts echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" >/etc/resolv.conf cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime apt install net-tools vim sudo bash-completion apt install pciutils usbutils apt install systemd systemd-coredump makedev locales openssh-server passwd root adduser test exit
6、制作文件
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=debian.img bs=1 count=0 seek=1024M sudo mkfs.ext4 debian.img sudo mount debian.img /mnt/temp sudo cp -ar /mnt/debian/* /mnt/temp/ sudo umount /mnt/temp
7、模拟启动
sudo qemu-system-arm -M virt -cpu cortex-a7 -nographic -smp 4 -m 1024 -kernel zImage -append "console=ttyAMA0,115200 init=/sbin/init root=/dev/vda rw ip=dhcp" -drive format=raw,if=none,file=debian.img,id=ha,index=0 -device virtio-blk-device,drive=ha -netdev bridge,br=virbr0,id=net0 -device virtio-net-device,netdev=net0,mac=12:22:33:44:55:66
启动界面 [ OK ] Started Getty on tty1. [ OK ] Started Serial Getty on ttyAMA0. [ OK ] Reached target Login prompts. Debian GNU/Linux 10 test-linnux ttyAMA0 test-linnux login: root
二、手工制作
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-cdimage/ubuntu-base/releases/21.04/release/ubuntu-base-21.04-base-armhf.tar.gz sudo rm -rf /mnt/ubuntu sudo mkdir /mnt/ubuntu sudo tar -xvf ubuntu-base-21.04-base-armhf.tar.gz -C /mnt/ubuntu sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static /mnt/ubuntu/usr/bin sudo mount -t proc /proc /mnt/ubuntu/proc sudo mount -t sysfs /sys /mnt/ubuntu/sys sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/ubuntu/dev sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts /mnt/ubuntu/dev/pts #sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /mnt/ubuntu/etc/apt/ sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/ubuntu/etc/ sudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" >/etc/resolv.conf echo "ubuntu-arm" >/etc/hostname echo "127.0.0.1 localhost" >/etc/hosts echo "127.0.1.1 ubuntu-arm" >/etc/hosts #passwd root #adduser test apt update apt install -y wget net-tools systemd makedev locales vim openssh-server sudo bash-completion rsyslog apt install -y systemd-coredump apt install -y iproute2 udhcpc iputils-ping exit #Geographic area: 6 Time zone: 70 #下面运行一次 sudo umount /mnt/ubuntu/proc sudo umount /mnt/ubuntu/sys sudo umount /mnt/ubuntu/dev/pts sudo umount /mnt/ubuntu/dev #可能要重启一次 sudo rm ubuntu.img sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=ubuntu.img bs=1 count=0 seek=2048M sudo mkfs.ext3 ubuntu.img sudo mount ubuntu.img /mnt/temp sudo cp -ar /mnt/ubuntu/* /mnt/temp/ sudo umount /mnt/temp #安装shell #apt install -y gnome-core gnome-shell gnome-session apt install xfce4 systemctl set-default multi-user.target systemctl set-default graphical.target #ttyAMA0 system 启动 sudo cp /lib/systemd/system/serial-getty@.service /lib/systemd/system/serial-getty@ttyAMA0.service sudo ln -s /lib/systemd/system/serial-getty@ttyAMA0.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/serial-getty@ttyAMA0.service #"%i.device”这个好像不用改 #sudo cp /mnt/temp/etc/init/tty1.conf /mnt/temp/etc/init/ttyS0.conf #exec /sbin/getty -L 115200 ttyS0 vt102
测试结果
systemd[1]: Detected virtualization qemu.
Welcome to Ubuntu 21.04!
[ OK ] Started Serial Getty on ttyAMA0.
[ OK ] Reached target Login prompts.
Starting Hostname Service...
Ubuntu 21.04 ubuntu-arm ttyAMA0
ubuntu-arm login:
#只有shell，但桌面vcn没起来，估计是固件fd原因，暂不处理
三、机顶盒安装
