- Kubernetes v1.22.2 环境搭建
- 1、环境准备
- 2、三台主机准备工作
- 2.1、修改/etc/hostname文件，更改三台主机名称
- 2.2、更改/etc/hosts文件添加主机名与IP映射关系
- 2.3、永久关闭防火墙和selinux
- 2.4、关闭swap分区
- 2.5、将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
- 2.6、Docker安装
- 2.7、安装kubeadm等工具
- 2.7.1、添加阿里云K8s的yum源
- 2.7.2、安装Kubeadm、Kubelet、Kubectl组件
- 3、初始化Kubernetes Master（仅在master上执行）
- 4、其他主机上执行加入集群的命令
- 5、有可能出现的错误记录
- 5.1、初始化时出现 error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz"
- 5.2、在安装部署的时候，出现问题解决后，需要执行一次kubeadm reset -f来清除一下kebeadm的信息，否则会出现端口，yaml等资源存在的情况
- 5.3、Master节点上查看集群状态
| VM | 标签名 | 系统 | Docker | golang | 配置 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 192.168.1.18 | k8s-master | Centos-8.3 | 20.10.9 | go1.17.2 | 2C+2G |
| 192.168.1.155 | k8s-worker1 | Centos-8.3 | 20.10.9 | go1.17.2 | 2C+2G |
| 192.168.1.190 | k8s-worker2 | Centos-8.3 | 20.10.9 | go1.17.2 | 2C+2G |
192.168.1.18主机添加k8s-master
192.168.1.155主机添加k8s-worker1
192.168.1.190主机添加k8s-worker2
在这里因为本人为了区别其他k8s集群，用serverless标签加以区分了
2.2、更改/etc/hosts文件添加主机名与IP映射关系 在命令行中执行
`
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF 192.168.1.18 severless-k8s-master 192.168.1.155 severless-k8s-worker1 192.168.1.190 severless-k8s-worker2 EOF
`
2.3、永久关闭防火墙和selinux 命令行中以此执行如下命令
systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config setenforce 0 getenforce2.4、关闭swap分区
swapoff -a //临时关闭 vim /etc/fstab //永久关闭（注释掉最后一条配置） ... #/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 free -h | grep Swap //验证Swap关闭情况（显示0代表成功关闭） Swap: 0B 0B 0B2.5、将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <2.6、Docker安装 yum makecache //更新yum软件包索引 yum install docker-ce //安装docker2.7、安装kubeadm等工具 2.7.1、添加阿里云K8s的yum源 命令行中执行如下命令
cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes Repo baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg enabled=1 EOF2.7.2、安装Kubeadm、Kubelet、Kubectl组件yum list |grep kubeadmyum -y install kubelet-1.22.2-0 kubeadm-1.22.2-0 kubectl-1.22.2-0 //指定版本号部署 systemctl start docker && systemctl enable docker //配置开机自启动 systemctl enable kubelet3、初始化Kubernetes Master（仅在master上执行）kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.22.2 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.1.18 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --service-cidr=10.10.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.122.0.0/16 --------------------------------------------------------------------- [init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.22.2 [preflight] Running pre-flight checks [preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster [preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection [preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull' [certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki" ... ... [bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token [bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster [bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace [kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key [addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS [addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully! //初始化成功 To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run: export KUBEConFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/ Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root: kubeadm join 192.168.1.18:6443 --token 5efda328.x6vl5efda328p9lqp6sj --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:707160ba4e495d402f11290cfef753ad149068fff74e50e411出现上面successfully`信息之后，表示初始化已经完成
上面kubeadm join完整命令，因为后续node节点加入集群是需要用到，其中包含token
4、其他主机上执行加入集群的命令kubeadm join 192.168.1.18:6443 --token 5efda328.x6vl5efda328p9lqp6sj --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:707160ba4e495d402f11290cfef753ad149068fff74e50e4115、有可能出现的错误记录 5.1、初始化时出现 error: Get “http://localhost:10248/healthz” 在/etc/docker/daemon.json 中加入如下字段
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],5.2、在安装部署的时候，出现问题解决后，需要执行一次kubeadm reset -f来清除一下kebeadm的信息，否则会出现端口，yaml等资源存在的情况 5.3、Master节点上查看集群状态 安装完Flannel网络插件后才会变成Ready状态
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1 kind: PodSecurityPolicy metadata: name: psp.flannel.unprivileged annotations: seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default spec: privileged: false volumes: - configMap - secret - emptyDir - hostPath allowedHostPaths: - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d" - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel" - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel" readOnlyRootFilesystem: false # Users and groups runAsUser: rule: RunAsAny supplementalGroups: rule: RunAsAny fsGroup: rule: RunAsAny # Privilege Escalation allowPrivilegeEscalation: false defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false # Capabilities allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW'] defaultAddCapabilities: [] requiredDropCapabilities: [] # Host namespaces hostPID: false hostIPC: false hostNetwork: true hostPorts: - min: 0 max: 65535 # SELinux seLinux: # SELinux is unused in CaaSP rule: 'RunAsAny' --- kind: ClusterRole apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: flannel rules: - apiGroups: ['extensions'] resources: ['podsecuritypolicies'] verbs: ['use'] resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged'] - apiGroups: - "" resources: - pods verbs: - get - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes verbs: - list - watch - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes/status verbs: - patch --- kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: flannel roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: flannel subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: flannel namespace: kube-system --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: flannel namespace: kube-system --- kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: kube-flannel-cfg namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel data: cni-conf.json: | { "name": "cbr0", "cniVersion": "0.3.1", "plugins": [ { "type": "flannel", "delegate": { "hairpinMode": true, "isDefaultGateway": true } }, { "type": "portmap", "capabilities": { "portMappings": true } } ] } net-conf.json: | { "Network": "10.244.0.0/16", "Backend": { "Type": "vxlan" } } --- apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: kube-flannel-ds namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: selector: matchLabels: app: flannel template: metadata: labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: affinity: nodeAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchexpressions: - key: kubernetes.io/os operator: In values: - linux hostNetwork: true priorityClassName: system-node-critical tolerations: - operator: Exists effect: NoSchedule serviceAccountName: flannel initContainers: - name: install-cni image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0 command: - cp args: - -f - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist volumeMounts: - name: cni mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ containers: - name: kube-flannel image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0 command: - /opt/bin/flanneld args: - --ip-masq - --kube-subnet-mgr resources: requests: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" limits: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" securityContext: privileged: false capabilities: add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"] env: - name: POD_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.name - name: POD_NAMESPACE valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.namespace volumeMounts: - name: run mountPath: /run/flannel - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ volumes: - name: run hostPath: path: /run/flannel - name: cni hostPath: path: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg configMap: name: kube-flannel-cfg将上面文件复制成yaml文件kube-flannel.yaml
执行kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yaml
lumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg将上面文件复制成yaml文件*kube-flannel.yaml* 执行*kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yaml*
