- SpringBoot-tymeleaf模板引擎
- 八、tymeleaf模板引擎
- 1、模板引擎概念
- 2、引入Thymeleaf
- 3、Thymeleaf分析
- 4、测试
- 5、Thymeleaf的语法
模板引擎,我们其实大家听到很多,其实jsp就是一个模板引擎,还有用的比较多的freemarker,包括SpringBoot给我们推荐的Thymeleaf,模板引擎有非常多,但再多的模板引擎,他们的思想都是一样的:是为了使用户界面与业务数据(内容)分离而产生的,它可以生成特定格式的文档,用于网站的模板引擎就会生成一个标准的HTML文档。
2、引入ThymeleafThymeleaf 官网:https://www.thymeleaf.org/
Thymeleaf 在Github 的主页:https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf
Spring官方文档:找到我们对应的版本
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.2.5.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#using-boot-starter
找到对应的pom依赖:可以适当点进源码看下本来的包!
3、Thymeleaf分析org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf
我们首先得按照SpringBoot的自动配置原理看一下我们这个Thymeleaf的自动配置规则
找一下Thymeleaf的自动配置类:ThymeleafProperties
@ConfigurationProperties(
prefix = "spring.thymeleaf"
)
public class ThymeleafProperties {
private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING;
public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
private boolean checkTemplate = true;
private boolean checkTemplateLocation = true;
private String prefix = "classpath:/templates/";
private String suffix = ".html";
private String mode = "HTML";
private Charset encoding;
}
我们可以在其中看到默认的前缀和后缀!
我们只需要把我们的html页面放在类路径下的templates下,thymeleaf就可以帮我们自动渲染了。
4、测试- 编写一个TestController类,添加数据请求
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String Index(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","hello,thymeleaf");
model.addAttribute("user", Arrays.asList("leng","zhe"));
return "index";
}
}
- 编写一个前端测试页面,放在templates目录下
- 我们要使用thymeleaf,需要在html文件中导入命名空间的约束
首页
- 启动项目测试
-
我们可以使用任意的 th:attr 来替换Html中原生属性的值!
1)th:text:文本替换;
2)th:utext:支持html的文本替换。
3)th:value:属性赋值
4)th:each:遍历循环元素
5)th:if:判断条件,类似的还有th:unless,th:switch,th:case
6)th:insert:代码块引入,类似的还有th:replace,th:include,常用于公共代码块提取的场景
7)th:fragment:定义代码块,方便被th:insert引用
8)th:object:声明变量,一般和*{}一起配合使用,达到偷懒的效果。
9)th:attr:设置标签属性,多个属性可以用逗号分隔
-
表达式
Simple expressions:(表达式语法)
Variable expressions: ${...}:获取变量值;OGNL;
1)、获取对象的属性、调用方法
2)、使用内置的基本对象:#18
#ctx : the context object.
#vars: the context variables.
#locale : the context locale.
#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
3)、内置的一些工具对象:
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
==================================================================================
Selection Variable expressions: *{...}:选择表达式:和${}在功能上是一样;
Message expressions: #{...}:获取国际化内容
link URL expressions: @{...}:定义URL;
Fragment expressions: ~{...}:片段引用表达式
Literals(字面量)
Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
Boolean literals: true , false
Null literal: null
Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:(文本操作)
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:(数学运算)
Binary operators: + , - , * , / , %
Minus sign (unary operator): -
Boolean operations:(布尔运算)
Binary operators: and , or
Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:(比较运算)
Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:条件运算(三元运算符)
If-then: (if) ? (then)
If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)



