-- docker (xxx) --help # 帮助命令 -- docker version # 查看docker版本信息 -- docker info # 查看docker系统信息，包括镜像和容器的数量
镜像命令 docker images # 查看所有本地上主机上的镜像帮助文档的地址：Reference documentation | Docker documentation
[root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 3 weeks ago 13.3kB # 解释 REPOSITORY ：镜像的仓库源 TAG ：镜像的标签、版本 IMAGE ID ：镜像的id CREATED ：镜像创建的时间 SIZE ：镜像的大小 #可选项 -a, --all # 列出所有的镜像 -q, --quiet # 只显示镜像的iddocker search xxx # 搜索镜像=docker hub网页搜索
[root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker search mysql NAME DEscriptION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 11547 [OK] mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 4393 [OK] #可选项 --filter=STARS=3000 # 搜索出来的镜像为STARS>3000的 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker search mysql --filter=STARS=3000 NAME DEscriptION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 11547 [OK] mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 4395 [OK] [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker search mysql --filter=STARS=5000 NAME DEscriptION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 11547 [OK]docker pull xxx # 下载镜像
# 下载镜像 docker pull 镜像名[:tag] [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker pull mysql Using default tag: latest # 如果不写tag，默认为最新版 latest: Pulling from library/mysql b380bbd43752: Pull complete # 分层下载，docker image的核心 联合文件系统 f23cbf2ecc5d: Pull complete 30cfc6c29c0a: Pull complete b38609286cbe: Pull complete 8211d9e66cd6: Pull complete 2313f9eeca4a: Pull complete 7eb487d00da0: Pull complete 4d7421c8152e: Pull complete 77f3d8811a28: Pull complete cce755338cba: Pull complete 69b753046b9f: Pull complete b2e64b0ab53c: Pull complete Digest: sha256:6d7d4524463fe6e2b893ffc2b89543c81dec7ef82fb2020a1b27606666464d87 # 签名，防伪标志 Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest docker.io/library/mysql:latest # 真实地址 # 两个命令等价 docker pull mysql docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest # 指定版本下载 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7 5.7: Pulling from library/mysql b380bbd43752: Already exists # 分层下载的好处：相同的部分可共用，节省内存 f23cbf2ecc5d: Already exists 30cfc6c29c0a: Already exists b38609286cbe: Already exists 8211d9e66cd6: Already exists 2313f9eeca4a: Already exists 7eb487d00da0: Already exists a71aacf913e7: Pull complete 393153c555df: Pull complete 06628e2290d7: Pull complete ff2ab8dac9ac: Pull complete Digest: sha256:2db8bfd2656b51ded5d938abcded8d32ec6181a9eae8dfc7ddf87a656ef97e97 Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7 docker.io/library/mysql:5.7docker rmi xxx # 删除镜像
docker rmi -f 镜像id # 删除指定的镜像 docker rmi -f 镜像id 镜像id 镜像id 镜像id # 删除多个镜像 docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq) # 删除全部镜像容器命令
说明：有了镜像才可以创建容器，linux，下载一个centos镜像来测试学习
docker pull centosdocker run xxx # 新建容器并启动
docker run [可选参数] image
# 参数说明
--name="Name" # 给容器起名字，易于区别tomcat01、tomcat02
-d # 后台方式运行
-it # 使用交互方式运行，进入容器查看内容
-p # 指定容器的端口 -p 8080:8080
-P # ip:主机端口:容器端口
-p # 主机端口:容器端口（常用）
-p # 容器端口
容器端口 # 直接容器端口可可以实现
-P # 随机指定端口
# 测试：启动并进入容器
[root@qiaoyanjie /]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@26e38027c294 /]# ls # 查看容器内的centos
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
# 从容器中退出主机
[root@26e38027c294 /]# exit
exit
[root@qiaoyanjie /]# ls
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
docker ps # 列出运行中的容器
docker ps # 列出当前正在运行的容器 # 可选项 -a # 列出正在运行的容器 + 带出历史运行的容器 -n # 显示最近运行的容器 -q # 只显示容器的编号 [root@qiaoyanjie /]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES [root@qiaoyanjie /]# docker ps -a ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 26e38027c294 centos "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago eloquent_chebyshev 2f3769615f44 centos "/bin/bash" 5 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago stupefied_carver ad228f231f80 feb5d9fea6a5 "/hello" 7 days ago Exited (0) 7 days ago amazing_meninsky [root@qiaoyanjie /]# docker ps -a -n=1 ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 26e38027c294 centos "/bin/bash" 7 minutes ago Exited (0) 6 minutes ago eloquent_chebyshev [root@qiaoyanjie /]# docker ps -aq 26e38027c294 2f3769615f44 ad228f231f80exit # 退出容器
exit # 直接容器停止并退出 ctrl + P + Q # 容器不停止退出 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash [root@ca2a254cd0ea /]# [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps # 退出仍运行 ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES ca2a254cd0ea centos "/bin/bash" 15 seconds ago Up 14 seconds zealous_goldberg [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash # 又创建了一个新的容器 [root@70291682986a /]# [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 70291682986a centos "/bin/bash" 13 seconds ago Up 12 seconds happy_keller ca2a254cd0ea centos "/bin/bash" 36 seconds ago Up 35 seconds zealous_goldbergdocker rm xxx # 删除容器
docker rm 容器id # 删除指定容器，不能删除正在运行的容器，强制删除 rm -f docker rm -f $(docker pa -aq) # 删除所有容器 docker ps -a -q | xargs docker rm # 删除所有容器启动和停止容器
docker start 容器id # 启动容器 docker restart 容器id # 重启容器 docker stop 容器id # 停止当前正在运行容器 docker kill 容器id # 强制停止当前正在运行的容器常用的其他命令 docker run -d xxx # 后台启动容器
docker run -d 镜像名 # 通过镜像启动容器，start无效 # 问题：docker ps 发现 centos 停止了 # 原因：docker 容器使用后台运行，必须要有一个前台进程，docker发现没有前台应用（-it就有前台了），就会会自动停止 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps -a ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash [root@82cc433f5fd8 /]# exit exit [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps -a ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 82cc433f5fd8 centos "/bin/bash" 13 seconds ago Exited (0) 3 seconds ago vigilant_ptolemy [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker start 82cc433f5fd8 82cc433f5fd8 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps -a ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 82cc433f5fd8 centos "/bin/bash" 29 seconds ago Up 2 seconds vigilant_ptolemy [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker run -d centos d9cb0ae9ee138e9a51fae4660d9026b3259c44d188cc7f57c5a8219dd689f589 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps -a ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES d9cb0ae9ee13 centos "/bin/bash" 2 seconds ago Exited (0) 1 second ago youthful_hopper 82cc433f5fd8 centos "/bin/bash" 40 seconds ago Up 14 seconds vigilant_ptolemy [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker start d9cb0ae9ee13 d9cb0ae9ee13 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps -a ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES d9cb0ae9ee13 centos "/bin/bash" 19 seconds ago Exited (0) 2 seconds ago youthful_hopper 82cc433f5fd8 centos "/bin/bash" 57 seconds ago Up 30 seconds vigilant_ptolemy [root@qiaoyanjie ~]#docker logs xxx # 查看日志
docker logs 容器id # 查看容器日志，没有日志 # 可选项 -t # 显示时间戳 -f # 动态加载日志 --tail number # 显示日志的条数 # 自己编写一段shell脚本 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/bash -c "while true;do echo Joe;sleep 1;done" # bin/sh 也可以 a30438b045f1d80a14d30d033baea0fc69cab939a9a5fa534bd865bcee1abda7 [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES a30438b045f1 centos "/bin/bash -c 'while…" 2 seconds ago Up 2 seconds amazing_buck # 刚创建的 82cc433f5fd8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours vigilant_ptolemy [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker logs a30438b045f1 Joe Joe [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker logs -t a30438b045f1 # 带时间 2021-10-20T08:56:41.240948211Z Joe 2021-10-20T08:56:42.243257222Z Joedocker top xxx # 查看容器内的进程信息
docker top 容器id [root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker top a30438b045f1 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 17739 17721 0 16:50 ? 00:00:00 /bin/bash -c while true;do echo Joe;sleep 1;done root 18652 17739 0 17:04 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 1 # PID是容器内进程在宿主机上的pid，ppid是容器内进程在宿主机上的父进程piddocker inspect xxx # 查看容器的元数据
[root@qiaoyanjie ~]# docker inspect a30438b045f1
[
{
"Id": "a30438b045f1d80a14d30d033baea0fc69cab939a9a5fa534bd865bcee1abda7",
"Created": "2021-10-20T08:50:25.15200104Z",
"Path": "/bin/bash", # 创建的时候 /bin/bash，若sh则sh
"Args": [
"-c",
"while true;do echo Joe;sleep 1;done" # 自编的脚本
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 17739,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2021-10-20T08:50:25.444862936Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6", # 来自的镜像id
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/a30438b045f1d80a14d30d033baea0fc69cab939a9a5fa534bd865bcee1abda7/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/a30438b045f1d80a14d30d033baea0fc69cab939a9a5fa534bd865bcee1abda7/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/a30438b045f1d80a14d30d033baea0fc69cab939a9a5fa534bd865bcee1abda7/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/a30438b045f1d80a14d30d033baea0fc69cab939a9a5fa534bd865bcee1abda7/a30438b045f1d80a14d30d033baea0fc69cab939a9a5fa534bd865bcee1abda7-json.log",
"Name": "/amazing_buck",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "host",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/be146ec9cd9d3b5a5c71e1001e35dc748d044da4eede111fab36f902f21609d5-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5725c19f46135675b2ae4c9d0e93a507a2f9ac2e9c7a48349808100c1040840b/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/be146ec9cd9d3b5a5c71e1001e35dc748d044da4eede111fab36f902f21609d5/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/be146ec9cd9d3b5a5c71e1001e35dc748d044da4eede111fab36f902f21609d5/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/be146ec9cd9d3b5a5c71e1001e35dc748d044da4eede111fab36f902f21609d5/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "a30438b045f1", # 默认的容器id
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash",
"-c",
"while true;do echo Joe;sleep 1;done" # 自编的脚本
],
"Image": "centos",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "2bd64783cc635209cb8403e4d43240e0ec33a4d431856a852564a1bad20cc990",
"HairpinMode": false,
"linkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"linkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/2bd64783cc63",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "17ec582d5b5078f038cab86b5c9cfdb95cdae169d4cd261c94cba3b8de1e82d4",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "442a3bd56628afebf114f132b2e48df233fd657542ee83b0632559176f73bdf1",
"EndpointID": "17ec582d5b5078f038cab86b5c9cfdb95cdae169d4cd261c94cba3b8de1e82d4",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
docker exec -it 容器id bin/bash # 进入当前正在运行的容器
