SpringBoot集成rabbitmq发送消息

环境：jdk11，springboot2.5.5

以下代码以路由模式(Routing)为示例。

1. pom.xml

    4.0.0
    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        2.5.5
         
    
    com.example
    spring-rabbitmq-demo
    0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    spring-rabbitmq-demo
    Demo project for Spring Boot
    
        11
    
    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-amqp
        

        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
            test
        
        
            org.springframework.amqp
            spring-rabbit-test
            test
        
    

    
        
            
                org.springframework.boot
                spring-boot-maven-plugin
            
        
    

2. application.yml

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5672
    username: admin
    password: 123456
    virtual-host: /

3. 配置队列，交换机，以及绑定关系

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfiguration {


    // 创建队列
    @Bean
    public Queue orderQueue() {
        
        return new Queue("order-queue", true, false, false, null);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue courseQueue() {
        
        return new Queue("course-queue", true, false, false, null);
    }

    // 创建交换机
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchange() {
        // 交换机名称，是否持久化，是否自动删除，附加参数
        return new DirectExchange("direct-exchange", true, false, null);
    }

    // 绑定交换机和队列
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingDirect1() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(orderQueue()).to(directExchange()).with("order");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingDirect2() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(courseQueue()).to(directExchange()).with("course");
    }
}

4. 配置消费者监听

@Service
public class ConsumerService {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "order-queue")
    public void orderConsumer(Message message) {
        System.out.println("orderConsumer收到消息: " + new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "course-queue")
    public void courseConsumer(Message message) {
        System.out.println("courseConsumer收到消息: " + new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }
}

 5. 编写测试用例发送消息

@SpringBootTest
class SpringRabbitmqDemoApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    void sendMessage1() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct-exchange","order","hello order");
    }

    @Test
    void sendMessage2() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct-exchange","course","hello course");
    }

}

6. SpringBoot启动类，启动项目

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringRabbitmqDemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringRabbitmqDemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

7. 运行测试类发送消息，进行测试 

 完整代码