[3天速成Spring Security] - 01 认证和授权

解决“我是谁”的问题

解决“我能做什么”的问题

• 到spring start io上面创建项目
• 引入spring-boot-starter-web和spring-boot-starter-security依赖

    // https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web
    implementation group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-web', version: '2.5.5'
    // https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-security
    implementation group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-security', version: '2.5.5'

• 添加Test API

@RestController()
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {

    @GetMapping("/01")
    public String firstApi() {
        return "Hello World";
    }
}

• 当添加spring security starter后，访问API时会默认重定向spring security默认登录页面/login
  
• 查看启动日志的默认密码以及user为用户名登录后即可访问API

• 简单自定义角色授权的资源判断：继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter并重写configure方法,且通过@EnableWebSecurity注解标识当前类,内部逻辑按需构建

@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // 给/test/01 API添加权限判断，只有当有Admin的Role用户才可以访问
       http.authorizeHttpRequests(req -> req.mvcMatchers("/test/01").hasRole("Admin"));
}

此时如果登录用户没有Admin权限，当访问API时则会出现403错误

• 重新实现简单判断逻辑:判断API是通过登录页认证过的，都可以授权访问

@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // 不检查权限,只检查是否是通过登录页面认证过的API
        http
                .formLogin(Customizer.withDefaults())
                .authorizeHttpRequests(req -> req.mvcMatchers("/test/01").authenticated());
    }
}