The following format string characters are accepted to control the line style or marker:
| character | description |
|---|---|
| ‘-’ | solid line style |
| ‘–’ | dashed line style |
| ‘-.’ | dash-dot line style |
| ‘:’ | dotted line style |
| ‘.’ | point marker |
| ‘,’ | pixel marker |
| ‘o’ | circle marker |
| ‘v’ | triangle_down marker |
| ‘^’ | triangle_up marker |
| ‘<’ | triangle_left marker |
| ‘>’ | triangle_right marker |
| ‘1’ | tri_down marker |
| ‘2’ | tri_up marker |
| ‘3’ | tri_left marker |
| ‘4’ | tri_right marker |
| ‘s’ | square marker |
| ‘p’ | petagon marker |
| ‘*’ | star marker |
| ‘h’ | hexagon1 marker |
| ‘H’ | hexagon2 marker |
| ‘+’ | plus marker |
| ‘x’ | x marker |
| ‘D’ | diamond marker |
| ‘d’ | thin_diamond marker |
| ’ | ’ |
| ‘_’ | hline marker |
The following color abbreviations are supported:
| character | description |
|---|---|
| ‘b’ | blue |
| ‘g’ | green |
| ‘r’ | red |
| ‘c’ | cyan(青色) |
| ‘m’ | magenta(紫红色) |
| ‘y’ | yellow |
| ‘k’ | black |
| ‘w’ | white |
In addition, you can specify colors in many weird and wonderful ways, including full names(‘green’), hex string (’#008000’), RGB or RGBA tuples((0,1,0,1)) or grayscale intensities as a string (‘0.8’).
Line styles and colors are combined in a single format string, as in ‘bo’ for blue circles.
matplotlib 实例说明之饼图——pie一个例子：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
labels = 'frogs', 'hogs', 'dogs', 'logs'
sizes = 15, 20, 45, 10
colors = 'yellowgreen', 'gold', 'lightskyblue', 'lightcoral'
explode = 0, 0.1, 0, 0
plt.pie(sizes, explode = explode, labels = labels, colors = colors, autopct = '%1.2f%%', shadow = True, startangle = 50)
# autopct = %1.2f%% ; 小数点后面的数字表示保留小数点几位 ; 分别设置为 %1.2f% 和%1.1f%% 结果分别如1、2图所示
plt.axis('equal')
plt.show()
图片1
图片2
pie 的参数说明：
| 参数 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| x | (每一块)的比例，如果sum(x) > 1会使用sum(x)归一化 |
| labels | (每一块)饼图外侧显示的说明文字 |
| explode | (每一块)离开中心距离 |
| startangle | 起始绘制角度；默认图是从x轴正方向逆时针画起；如设定=90则从y轴正方向画起 |
| shadow | 在饼图下面画一个阴影；默认值：False，即不画阴影 |
| labeldistance | label标记的绘制位置，相对于半径的比例；默认值为1.1，如<1则绘制在饼图内侧 |
| autopct | 控制饼图内百分比设置，可以使用format字符串或者format function； ‘%1.1f’ 指小数点前后位数(没有用空格补齐) |
| pctdistance | 类似于labeldistance，指定autopct的位置刻度，默认值为0.6 |
| radius | 控制饼图半径，默认值为1 |
| counterclock | 指定指针方向；布尔值，可选参数，**默认为：True，即逆时针；**将值改为False即可改为顺时针 |
| wedgeprops | 字典类型，可选参数，默认值：None；参数字典传递给 wedge 对象用来画一个饼图。例如：wedgeprops = { ‘linewidth’ : 3 } 设置wedge线宽为3 |
| textprops | 设置标签（labels）和比例文字的格式；字典类型，可选参数，默认值为：None；传递给text对象的字典参数 |
| center | 浮点类型的列表，可选参数，默认值：(0,0)，图标中心位置 |
| frame | 布尔类型，可选参数，默认值：False；如果是true，绘制带有表的轴框架 |
| rotatelabels | 布尔类型，可选参数，默认为：False；如果为True，旋转每个label到指定的角度 |
