- 1 STL初识
- 1.1 STL的诞生
- 1.2 STL基本概念
- 1.3 STL六大组件
- 1.4 STL中容器、算法、迭代器
- 1.5 容器算法迭代器初识
- 1.5.1 vector存放内置数据类型
- 1.5.2 Vector存放自定义数据类型
- 1.5.3 Vector容器嵌套容器
- 1.5.4 string基本概念
- 1.5.5 string构造函数
- 1.5.6 string赋值操作
- 1.5.7 string字符串拼接
- 1.5.8 string查找和替换
- 1.5.9 string字符串比较
- 1.5.10 string字符存取
- 1.5.11 string插入和删除
- 1.5.11 string子串
- 1.6 vector容器
- 1.6.1 vector基本概念
- 1.6.2 vector构造函数
- 1.6.3 vector赋值操作
- 1.6.4 vector容量和大小
- 1.6.5 vector插入和删除
- 1.6.6 vector数据存取
- 1.6.7 vector互换容器
- 1.6.8 vector预留空间
- 1.7 deque容器
- 1.7.1 deque容器基本概念
- 1.7.2 deque构造函数
- 1.7.3 deque赋值操作
- 1.7.4 deque大小操作
- 1.7.5 deque插入和删除
- 1.7.6 deque数据存取
- 1.7.7 deque排序
- 1.8 案例-评委打分
- 1.9 stack容器
- 1.9.1 stack基本概念
- 1.9.2 stack 常用接口
- 1.10 queue容器
- 1.10.1 queue基本概念
- 1.10.2 queue常用接口
- 1.11 list容器
- 1.11.1 list基本概念
- 1.11.2 list构造函数
- 1.11.3 list赋值和交换
- 1.11.4 list大小操作
- 1.11.5 list插入和删除
- 1.11.6 list数据存取
- 1.11.7 list 反转和排序
- 1.11.8 排序案例
- 1.12 set/multiset容器
- 1.12.1 set基本概念
- 1.12.2 set大小和交换
- 1.12.3 set插入和删除
- 1.12.4 set查找和统计
- 1.12.5 set和multiset区别
- 1.12.5 pair对组创建
- 1.12.6 set容器排序
- 1.13 map/multimap容器
- 1.13.1 map基本概念
- 1.13.2 map构造和赋值
- 1.13.3 map大小和交换
- 1.13.4 map插入和删除
- 1.13.5 map查找和统计
- 1.13.6 map容器排序
- 1.14 案例
- 2 STL-函数对象
- 2.1 函数对象
- 2.1.1 函数对象概念
- 2.1.2 函数对象使用
- 2.2 谓词
- 2.2.1谓词概念
- 2.2.2 一元谓词
- 2.2.3 二元谓词
- 2.3 内键函数对象
- 2.3.1 内键函数对象意义
- 2.3.2 算术仿函数
- 2.3.3 关系仿函数
- 3.3.4 逻辑仿函数
- 4 STL-算法
- 4.1 常用遍历算法
- 4.1.1 for_each
- 4.1.2 transform
- 4.2 常用查找算法
- 4.2.1 find
- 4.2.2 find_if
- 4.2.2 adjacent_find
- 4.2.4 binary_search
- 4.2.5 count
- 4.2.6 count_if
- 4.3 常用排序算法
- 4.3.1 sort
- 4.3.2 random_shuffle
- 4.3.3 merge
- 4.3.4 reverse
- 4.4 常用拷贝和替换算法
- 4.4.1 copy
- 4.4.2 replace
- 4.4.3 replace_if
- 4.4.4 swap
- 4.5 常用算术生成算法
- 4.5.1 accumulate
- 4.5.2 fill
- 4.6 常用集合算法
- 4.6.1 set_intersection
- 4.6.2 set_union
- 4.6.3 set_difference
#include1.5.2 Vector存放自定义数据类型using namespace std; #include #include #include //vector容器存放内置数据类型 void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << endl; } void test01() { //创建了一个vector容器,数组 vector v; //向容器中插入数据 v.push_back(10); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(40); //通过迭代器访问容器中的数据 vector ::iterator itBegin = v.begin();//起始迭代器 指向迭代器中第一个元素 vector ::iterator itEnd = v.end(); //结束迭代器 指向容器中最后一个元素的下一个位置 //第一种遍历方式 while (itBegin != itEnd) { cout << *itBegin << endl; itBegin++; } //第二种遍历方式 for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << endl; } //第三种遍历方式 利用STL提供遍历算法 for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint); } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
#include1.5.3 Vector容器嵌套容器using namespace std; #include #include //vector容器中存放自定义数据类型 class Person { public: Person(string name, int age) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Age = age; } string m_Name; int m_Age; }; void test01() { vector v; Person p1("aaa", 10); Person p2("bbb", 20); Person p3("ccc", 30); Person p4("ddd", 40); Person p5("eee", 50); //向容器中添加数据 v.push_back(p1); v.push_back(p2); v.push_back(p3); v.push_back(p4); v.push_back(p5); //遍历容器中的数据 for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { //cout << "姓名:" << (*it).m_Name << " 年龄:" << (*it).m_Age << endl; cout << "姓名:" << it->m_Name << " 年龄:" << it->m_Age << endl; } } //存放自定义数据类型 指针 void test02() { vector v; Person p1("aaa", 10); Person p2("bbb", 20); Person p3("ccc", 30); Person p4("ddd", 40); Person p5("eee", 50); //向容器中添加数据 v.push_back(&p1); v.push_back(&p2); v.push_back(&p3); v.push_back(&p4); v.push_back(&p5); //遍历容器 for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << "姓名:" << (*it)->m_Name << " 年龄:" << (*it)->m_Age << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
#include1.5.4 string基本概念 1.5.5 string构造函数using namespace std; #include #include //容器嵌套容器 void test01() { vector >v; //创建小容器 vector v1; vector v2; vector v3; vector v4; //向小容器中添加数据 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { v1.push_back(i + 1); v2.push_back(i + 2); v3.push_back(i + 3); v4.push_back(i + 4); } //将小容器插入到大的容器中 v.push_back(v1); v.push_back(v2); v.push_back(v3); v.push_back(v4); //通过大容器,把所有数据遍历一遍 for (vector >::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { //(*it)----容器vector for (vector ::iterator vit = (*it).begin(); vit != (*it).end(); vit++) { cout << *vit << " "; } cout << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
#include1.5.6 string赋值操作using namespace std; #include #include //string的构造函数 //string(); //创建一个空的字符串 例如:string str; //string(const char* s); //使用字符串s初始化 //string(const string& str); //使用一个string对象初始化另一个string对象 //string(int n, char c); //使用n个字符c初始化 void test01() { string s1;//默认构造 const char* str = "hello world"; string s2(str); cout << "s2=" << s2 << endl; string s3(s2); cout << "s3=" << s3 << endl; string s4(10, 'a'); cout << "s4=" << s4 << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
//string赋值操作
void test01()
{
string str1;
str1 = "hello world";
cout << "str1=" << str1 << endl;
string str2;
str2 = str1;
cout << "str2=" << str2 << endl;
string str3;
str3 = 'a';
cout << "str3=" << str3 << endl;
string str4;
str4.assign("hello c++");
cout << "str4=" << str4 << endl;
string str5;
str5.assign("hello c++", 5);
cout << "str5=" << str5 << endl;
string str6;
str6.assign(str5);
cout << "str6=" << str6 << endl;
string str7;
str7.assign(10, 'w');
cout << "str7=" << str7 << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}
#include1.5.8 string查找和替换using namespace std; #include #include //string字符串拼接 void test01() { string str1 = "我"; str1 += "爱玩游戏"; cout << "str1 = " << str1 << endl; str1 += ':'; cout << "str1 = " << str1 << endl; string str2 = "lol dnf"; str1 += str2; cout << "str1 = " << str1 << endl; string str3 = "I"; str3.append("love"); cout << "str3 = " << str3 << endl; str3.append("game adec", 4); cout << "str3 = " << str3 << endl; str3.append(str2); // i love game:lol dnf cout << "str3 = " << str3 << endl; str3.append(str2, 0, 3);//只截取lol cout << "str3 = " << str3 << endl; str3.append(str2, 4, 3);//只截取dnf,参数2 从哪个位置开始截取,参数3 截取字符个数 cout << "str3 = " << str3 << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include //字符串查找和替换 //1、查找 void test01() { string str1 = "abcdefgde"; int pos=str1.find("de"); if (pos == -1) { cout << "未找到字符串" << endl; } else { cout << "找到字符串 pos=" << pos << endl; } //rfind 和find区别 //rfind从右往左查找 find从左往右查找 pos = str1.rfind("de"); cout << "pos=" << pos << endl; } //2、替换 void test02() { string str1 = "abcdefg"; //从1号位置起3个字符 替换为"1111" str1.replace(1, 3, "1111"); cout << "str1=" << str1 << endl; } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; }
#include1.5.10 string字符存取using namespace std; #include #include //字符串比较 void test01() { string str1 = "hello"; string str2 = "hello"; if (str1.compare(str2) == 0) { cout << "str1等于 str2" << endl; } else if (str1.compare(str2) > 0) { cout << "str1 大于 str2" << endl; } else { cout << "str1 小于str2" << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
//string 字符串存取
void test01()
{
string str = "hello";
cout << "str=" << str << endl;
//1、通过[]访问单个字符
for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i++)
{
cout << str[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//2、通过at方式访问单个字符
for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i++)
{
cout << str.at(i) << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//修改单个字符
str[0] = 'x';
//xelle
cout << "str=" << str << endl;
str.at(1) = 'x';
//xxllo
cout << "str=" << str << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}
1.5.11 string插入和删除
//字符串 插入和删除
void test01()
{
string str = "hello";
//插入
str.insert(1, "111");
//h111ello
cout << "str=" << str << endl;
//删除
str.erase(1, 3);
cout << "str=" << str << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}
/string求子串
void test01()
{
string str = "abcdef";
string subStr = str.substr(1, 3);
cout << "subStr=" << subStr << endl;
}
//实用操作
void test02()
{
string email = "zhangsan@sina.com";
//从邮件地址中 获取 用户名信息
int pos = email.find("0");//8
cout << pos << endl;
string usrName = email.substr(0, pos);
cout << usrName << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}
1.6 vector容器
1.6.1 vector基本概念
void printVector(vector1.6.3 vector赋值操作& v) { for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " " << endl; } } //vector容器构造 void test01() { vector v1;//默认构造 无参构造 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i); } printVector(v1); //通过区间方式进行构造 vector v2(v1.begin(), v1.end()); printVector(v2); //n个elem方式构造 vector v3(10, 100); printVector(v3); //拷贝构造 vector v4(v3); printVector(v4); } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
void printVector(vector& v) { for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } //vector赋值 void test01() { vector v1; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i); } printVector(v1); //赋值 operator= vector v2; v2 = v1; printVector(v2); //assign vector v3; v3.assign(v1.begin(), v1.end()); printVector(v3); //n个elem方式赋值 vector v4; v4.assign(10, 100); printVector(v4); } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
void printVector(vector& v) { for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } //vector容器的容量和大小操作 void test01() { vector v1; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i); } printVector(v1); if (v1.empty()) //为真 代表容器为空 { cout << "v1为空" << endl; } else { cout << "v1不为空" << endl; cout << "v1的容量为:" << v1.capacity() << endl; cout << "v1的大小为:" << v1.size() << endl; } //重新指定大小 v1.resize(15, 100);//利用重载版本,可以指定默认填充值,参数2 printVector(v1);//如果重新指定的比原来长了,默认用0填充新的位置 v1.resize(5); printVector(v1);//如果重新指定的比原来短了,超出部分会删除 } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
//vector插入和删除 void printVector(vector& v) { for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { vector v1; //尾插 v1.push_back(10); v1.push_back(20); v1.push_back(30); v1.push_back(40); v1.push_back(50); //遍历 printVector(v1); //尾删 v1.pop_back(); printVector(v1); //插入 第一个参数是迭代器 v1.insert(v1.begin(), 100); printVector(v1); v1.insert(v1.begin(), 2, 1000); printVector(v1); //删除 v1.erase(v1.begin()); printVector(v1); //清空 //v1.erase(v1.begin(), v1.end()); v1.clear(); printVector(v1); } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
//vector容器 数据存取
void test01()
{
vectorv1;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
v1.push_back(i);
}
//利用[]方式访问数组中元素
for (int i = 0; i < v1.size(); i++)
{
cout << v1[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//利用at方式访问元素
for (int i = 0; i < v1.size(); i++)
{
cout << v1.at(i) << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//获取第一个元素
cout << "第一个元素为:" << v1.front() << endl;
//获取最后一个元素
cout << "最后一个元素为:" << v1.back() << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}
//vector容器互换 void printVector(vector1.6.8 vector预留空间& v) { for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { vector v1; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i); } cout << "交换前:" << endl; printVector(v1); vector v2; for (int i = 10; i > 0; i--) { v2.push_back(i); } printVector(v2); cout << "交换后:" << endl; v1.swap(v2); printVector(v1); printVector(v2); } //2、实际用途 //巧用swap可以收缩内存空间 void test02() { vector v; for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) { v.push_back(i); } cout << "v的容量为:" << v.capacity() << endl; cout << "v的大小为:" << v.size() << endl; v.resize(3);//重新指定大小 cout << "v的容量为:" << v.capacity() << endl; cout << "v的大小为:" << v.size() << endl; //巧用swap收缩内存 vector (v).swap(v); //匿名对象 cout << "v的容量为:" << v.capacity() << endl; cout << "v的大小为:" << v.size() << endl; } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; }
//vector容器 预留空间
void test01()
{
vectorv;
//利用reserve预留空间
v.reserve(100000);
int num = 0;//统计开辟次数
int* p = NULL;
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
{
v.push_back(i);
if (p != &v[0])
{
p = &v[0];
num++;
}
}
cout << "num=" << num << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}
1.7 deque容器
1.7.1 deque容器基本概念
//deque 构造函数 void printDeque(const deque1.9 stack容器 1.9.1 stack基本概念& d) { for (deque ::const_iterator it = d.begin(); it != d.end(); it++) { / class Person { public: Person(string name, int score) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Score = score; } string m_Name;//姓名 int m_Score;//平均分 }; void creatPerson(vector & v) { string nameSeed = "ABCDE"; for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { string name = "选手"; name += nameSeed[i]; int score = 0; Person p(name, score); //将创建的person对象 放入到容器中 v.push_back(p); } } void setScore(vector & v) { for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { //将评委的分数 放入到deque容器中 deque d; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { int score = rand() % 41 + 60;//60~100 d.push_back(score); } //排序 sort(d.begin(), d.end()); //去除最高和最低分 d.pop_back(); d.pop_front(); //取平均分 int sum = 0; for (deque ::iterator dit = d.begin(); dit != d.end(); dit++) { sum += *dit;//累加每个评委的分数 } int avg = sum / d.size(); //将平均分 赋值给选手身上 it->m_Score = avg; } } void showScore(vector &v) { for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << "姓名:" << it->m_Name << "平均分:" << it->m_Score << endl; } } int main() { //随机数种子 srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); //1、创建5名选手 vector v;//存放选手容器 creatPerson(v); //测试 //2、给5名选手打分 setScore(v); //3、显示最后得分 showScore(v); return 0; }
//栈stack容器
void test01()
{
//特点:符合先进后出数据结构
stacks;
//入栈
s.push(10);
s.push(20);
s.push(30);
s.push(40);
cout << "栈的大小:" << s.size() << endl;
//只要栈不为空,查看栈顶,并且执行出栈操作
while (!s.empty())
{
//查看栈顶元素
cout << "栈顶元素为:" << s.top() << endl;
//出栈
s.pop();
}
cout << "栈的大小:" << s.size() << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include class Person { public: Person(string name, int age) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Age = age; } string m_Name; int m_Age; }; void test01() { //创建队列 queue q; //准备数据 Person p1("唐僧", 30); Person p2("孙悟空", 1000); Person p3("猪八戒", 900); Person p4("沙僧", 800); //入队 q.push(p1); q.push(p2); q.push(p3); q.push(p4); cout << "队列大小为:" << q.size() << endl; //判断只要队列不为空,查看队头,查看队尾,出队 while (!q.empty()) { //查看队头 cout << "队名元素 ----姓名:" << q.front().m_Name << " 年龄:" << q.front().m_Age << endl; //查看队尾 cout << "队尾元素 ----姓名:" << q.back().m_Name << " 年龄:" << q.back().m_Age << endl; //出队 q.pop(); } cout << "队列大小为:" << q.size() << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
include1.11.3 list赋值和交换using namespace std; #include #include
//list容器构造函数 void printList(const list & L) { for (list ::const_iterator it = L.begin(); it != L.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { //创建list容器 list L1; //添加数据 L1.push_back(10); L1.push_back(20); L1.push_back(30); L1.push_back(40); //遍历容器 printList(L1); //区间方式构造 list L2(L1.begin(), L1.end()); printList(L2); //拷贝构造 list L3(L2); printList(L3); //n个elem list L4(10, 1000); printList(L4); } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
#include1.11.4 list大小操作using namespace std; #include #include
//list容器赋值和交换 void printList(const list & L) { for (list ::const_iterator it = L.begin(); it != L.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } //赋值 void test01() { list L1; L1.push_back(10); L1.push_back(20); L1.push_back(30); L1.push_back(40); printList(L1); list L2; L2 = L1;//operator= 赋值 printList(L2); list L3; L3.assign(L2.begin(), L2.end()); printList(L3); list L4; L4.assign(10, 100); printList(L4); } //交换 void test02() { list L1; L1.push_back(10); L1.push_back(20); L1.push_back(30); L1.push_back(40); list L2; L2.assign(10, 100); cout << "交换前:" << endl; printList(L1); printList(L2); cout << "交换后:" << endl; printList(L1); printList(L2); } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; }
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include
//list容器大小操作 void printList(const list & L) { for (list ::const_iterator it = L.begin(); it != L.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { list L1; L1.push_back(10); L1.push_back(20); L1.push_back(30); L1.push_back(40); printList(L1); //判断容器是否为空 if (L1.empty()) { cout << "L1为空" << endl; } else { cout << "L1不为空" << endl; cout << "L1的元素个数为:" < 1.11.5 list插入和删除
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include
//list容器插入和删除 void printList(const list & L) { for (list ::const_iterator it = L.begin(); it != L.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { list L; //尾插 L.push_back(10); L.push_back(20); L.push_back(30); L.push_back(40); //头插 L.push_front(100); L.push_front(200); L.push_front(300); //300 200 100 10 20 30 printList(L); //尾删 L.pop_back(); //300 200 100 10 20 printList(L); //头删 L.pop_front(); //200 100 10 20 printList(L); //insert插入 list ::iterator it = L.begin(); L.insert(++it, 1000); // 200 1000 100 10 20 printList(L); //删除 it = L.begin(); L.erase(++it); //200 100 10 20 printList(L); //移除 L.push_back(10000); L.push_back(10000); L.push_back(10000); L.push_back(10000); printList(L); L.remove(10000); printList(L); //清空 L.clear(); printList(L); } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 1.11.6 list数据存取
#include1.11.7 list 反转和排序using namespace std; #include #include
//list容器 数据存取 void printList(const list & L) { for (list ::const_iterator it = L.begin(); it != L.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { list L1; L1.push_back(10); L1.push_back(20); L1.push_back(30); L1.push_back(40); //L1[0] 不可以用[]访问list容器中的元素 //L1.at(0) 不可以用at方式访问list容器中的元素 //原因是list本质链表,不是用连续线性空间存储数据,迭代器也不是不支持随机访问的 cout << "第一个元素为:" << L1.front() << endl; cout << "最后一个元素为:" << L1.back() << endl; //验证迭代器是不支持随机访问的 list ::iterator it = L1.begin(); it++;//支持双向 it--; //it=it+1;//不支持随机访问 } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include #include
//list容器反转和排序 void printList(const list & L) { for (list ::const_iterator it = L.begin(); it != L.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { //反转 list L1; L1.push_back(20); L1.push_back(10); L1.push_back(50); L1.push_back(40); L1.push_back(30); cout << "反转前:" << endl; printList(L1); L1.reverse(); cout << "反转后:" << endl; printList(L1); } bool myCompare(int v1, int v2) { return v1 > v2; } //排序 void test02() { list L1; L1.push_back(20); L1.push_back(10); L1.push_back(50); L1.push_back(40); L1.push_back(30); //排序 cout << "排序前:" << endl; printList(L1); //所有不支持随机访问迭代器的容器,不可以用标准算法 //不支持随机访问迭代器的容器,内部会提供对应一些算法 //sort(L1.begin(),L1.end()); L1.sort();//默认排序规则 从小到大 升序 cout << "排序后:" << endl; printList(L1); L1.sort(myCompare); printList(L1); } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; } 1.11.8 排序案例
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include
//list容器 排序案例 对于自定义数据类型 做排序 //按照年龄进行升序,如果年龄相同按照身高进行降序 class Person { public: Person(string name, int age, int height) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Age = age; this->m_Height = height; } string m_Name;//姓名 int m_Age;//年龄 int m_Height;//身高 }; //指定排序规则 bool comparePerson(Person& p1, Person& p2) { //按照年龄 升序 if (p1.m_Age == p2.m_Age) { //年龄相同 按照身高降序 return p1.m_Height > p2.m_Height; } return p1.m_Age < p2.m_Age; } void test01() { list L;//创建容器 //准备数据 Person p1("刘备", 35, 175); Person p2("曹操", 45, 180); Person p3("孙权", 40, 170); Person p4("赵云", 25, 190); Person p5("张飞", 35, 160); Person p6("关羽", 35, 200); //插入数据 L.push_back(p1); L.push_back(p2); L.push_back(p3); L.push_back(p4); L.push_back(p5); L.push_back(p6); for (list ::iterator it = L.begin(); it != L.end(); it++) { cout << "姓名:" << (*it).m_Name << " 年龄:" << it->m_Age << " 身高:" << it->m_Height << endl; } //排序 cout << "-----------------------------" << endl; cout << "排序后:" << endl; L.sort(comparePerson);//排序 for (list ::iterator it = L.begin(); it != L.end(); it++) { cout << "姓名:" << (*it).m_Name << " 年龄:" << it->m_Age << " 身高:" << it->m_Height << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 1.12 set/multiset容器 1.12.1 set基本概念
#include1.12.2 set大小和交换using namespace std; #include #include //set容器构造和赋值 void printSet(set & s) { for (set ::iterator it = s.begin(); it != s.end();it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { set s1; //插入数据 只有insert方式 s1.insert(10); s1.insert(40); s1.insert(30); s1.insert(20); s1.insert(30); s1.insert(30); //遍历容器 //set容器特点 :所有元素插入时候自动被排序 //set容器不允许插入重复值 printSet(s1); //拷贝构造 set s2(s1); printSet(s2); //赋值 set s3; s3 = s2; printSet(s3); } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #include1.12.3 set插入和删除using namespace std; #include #include //set容器 大小和交换 void printSet(set & s) { for (set ::iterator it = s.begin(); it != s.end();it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } //大小 void test01() { set s1; s1.insert(10); s1.insert(30); s1.insert(20); s1.insert(40); //打印容器 printSet(s1); //判断是否为空 if (s1.empty()) { cout << "s1为空" << endl; } else { cout << "s1不为空" << endl; cout << "s1的大小为:" << s1.size() << endl; } } //交换 void test02() { set s1; //插入数据 s1.insert(10); s1.insert(30); s1.insert(20); s1.insert(40); set s2; //插入数据 s2.insert(100); s2.insert(300); s2.insert(200); s2.insert(400); cout << "交换前:" << endl; printSet(s1); printSet(s2); cout << "交换后:" << endl; s1.swap(s2); printSet(s1); printSet(s2); } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; } #include1.12.4 set查找和统计using namespace std; #include #include //set容器 插入和删除 void printSet(set & s) { for (set ::iterator it = s.begin(); it != s.end();it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { set s1; //插入 s1.insert(10); s1.insert(30); s1.insert(20); s1.insert(40); //遍历 printSet(s1); //删除 s1.erase(s1.begin()); printSet(s1); //删除重载版本 s1.erase(30); printSet(s1); //清空 //s1.erase(s1.begin(), s1.end()); s1.clear(); printSet(s1); } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include #include //set容器 查找和统计 void printSet(set & s) { for (set ::iterator it = s.begin(); it != s.end();it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { //查找 set s1; //插入数据 s1.insert(10); s1.insert(20); s1.insert(30); s1.insert(40); set ::iterator pos = s1.find(30); if (pos != s1.end()) { cout << "找到元素:" << *pos << endl; } else { cout << "未找到元素" << endl; } } void test02() { //查找 set s1; //插入数据 s1.insert(10); s1.insert(20); s1.insert(30); s1.insert(40); s1.insert(30); s1.insert(30); //统计30的个数 int num = s1.count(30); //对于set而言 统计结果 要么是0 要么是1 cout << "num=" << num << endl; } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; } 1.12.5 set和multiset区别
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include //set容器 和 multiset容器区别 void printSet(set & s) { for (set ::iterator it = s.begin(); it != s.end();it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } void test01() { set s; pair ::iterator, bool> ret = s.insert(10); if (ret.second) { cout << "第一次插入成功" << endl; } else { cout << "第一次插入失败" << endl; } ret = s.insert(10); if (ret.second) { cout << "第一次插入成功" << endl; } else { cout << "第一次插入失败" << endl; } multiset ms; //允许插入重复值 ms.insert(10); ms.insert(10); ms.insert(10); ms.insert(10); for (multiset ::iterator it = ms.begin(); it != ms.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 1.12.5 pair对组创建
#include1.12.6 set容器排序using namespace std; #include #include //pair对组的创建 void test01() { //第一种方式 pair p("Tom", 20); cout << "姓名:" << p.first << "年龄:" << p.second << endl; //第二种方式 pair p2 = make_pair("Jerry", 30); cout << "姓名:" << p2.first << "年龄:" << p2.second << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include #include //set容器排序 class MyCompare { public: bool operator()(int v1, int v2)const { return v1 > v2; } }; void test01() { set s1; s1.insert(10); s1.insert(40); s1.insert(20); s1.insert(30); for(set ::iterator it = s1.begin(); it != s1.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; //指定排序规则为从大到小 set s2; s2.insert(10); s2.insert(40); s2.insert(20); s2.insert(50); s2.insert(30); for (set ::iterator it = s2.begin(); it!= s2.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " " ; } cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #include1.13 map/multimap容器 1.13.1 map基本概念 1.13.2 map构造和赋值using namespace std; #include #include //set容器排序 ,存放自定义数据类型 class Person { public: Person(string name, int age) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Age = age; } string m_Name; int m_Age; }; class comparePerson { public: bool operator()(const Person& p1, const Person& p2)const { //按照年龄 降序 return p1.m_Age > p2.m_Age; } }; void test01() { //自定义数据类型 都会指定排序规则 set s; //创建Person对象 Person p1("刘备", 24); Person p2("关羽", 28); Person p3("张飞", 25); Person p4("赵云", 21); s.insert(p1); s.insert(p2); s.insert(p3); s.insert(p4); for (set ::iterator it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) { cout << "姓名:" << it->m_Name << "年龄:" << it->m_Age << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include #include 1.13.3 map大小和交换
#include1.13.4 map插入和删除using namespace std; #include #include #includeusing namespace std; #include #include 1.13.5 map查找和统计
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include 1.13.6 map容器排序
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include 1.14 案例
#include2 STL-函数对象 2.1 函数对象 2.1.1 函数对象概念 2.1.2 函数对象使用using namespace std; #include #include #include #includeusing namespace std; #include //函数对象(仿函数) class MyAdd { public: int operator()(int v1, int v2) { return v1 + v2; } }; //1、函数对象在使用时,可以像普通函数那样调用,可以有参数,可以有返回值 void test01() { MyAdd myadd; cout << myadd(10, 10) << endl; } //2、函数对象超出普通函数的概念,函数对象可以有自己的状态 class MyPrint { public: MyPrint() { this->count = 0; } void operator()(string test) { cout << test << endl; this->count++; } int count;//内部自己状态 }; void test02() { MyPrint myPrint; myPrint("hello world"); myPrint("hello world"); myPrint("hello world"); myPrint("hello world"); cout << "myPrint调用次数为:" << myPrint.count << endl; } //3、函数对象可以作为参数传递 void doPrint(MyPrint& mp, string test) { mp(test); } void test03() { MyPrint myPrint; doPrint(myPrint, "Hello c++"); } int main() { test01(); test02(); test03(); return 0; } 2.2 谓词 2.2.1谓词概念 2.2.2 一元谓词
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include #include //仿函数 返回值类型是bool数据类型,称为谓词 //一元谓词 class GreaterFive { public: bool operator()(int val) { return val > 5; } }; void test01() { vector v; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v.push_back(i); } //查找容器中 有没有大于5的数字 //GreaterFive() 匿名函数对象 vector ::iterator it= find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive()); if (it == v.end()) { cout << "未找到" << endl; } else { cout << "找到了大于5的数字为:" << *it << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 2.2.3 二元谓词
#include2.3 内键函数对象 2.3.1 内键函数对象意义 2.3.2 算术仿函数using namespace std; #include #include #include //二元谓词 class MyCompare { public: bool operator()(int val1, int val2) { return val1 > val2; } }; void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(10); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(50); sort(v.begin(), v.end()); for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it <<" "; } cout << endl; //使用函数对象 改变算法策略 ,变为排序规则为从大到小 sort(v.begin(), v.end(), MyCompare()); for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #include2.3.3 关系仿函数using namespace std; #include //内建函数对象头文件 //内键函数对象 算术仿函数 //negate 一元仿函数 取反仿函数 void test01() { negate n; cout << n(50) << endl; } //plus 二元仿函数 加法 void test02() { plus p; cout << p(10, 20) << endl; } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include //内建函数对象头文件 #include #include #include //内键函数对象 关系仿函数 //大于 greater class MyCompare { public: bool operator()(int v1, int v2) { return v1 > v2; } }; void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(10); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(50); for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; //降序 //sort(v.begin(), v.end(), MyCompare()); //greater () 内建函数对象 sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater ()); for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 3.3.4 逻辑仿函数
#includeusing namespace std; #include //内建函数对象头文件 #include #include #include //内建函数对象_逻辑仿函数 //逻辑非 logical_not void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(true); v.push_back(false); v.push_back(true); v.push_back(false); for (vector ::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; //利用逻辑非,将容器v搬运到 容器v2中,并执行取反操作 vector v2; v2.resize(v.size()); transform(v.begin(), v.end(), v2.begin(), logical_not ()); for (vector ::iterator it = v2.begin(); it != v2.end(); it++) { cout << *it << " "; } cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4 STL-算法 4.1 常用遍历算法 4.1.1 for_each
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include #include #include //常用遍历算法 for_each //普通函数 void print01(int val) { cout << val << " "; } //仿函数 class print02 { public: void operator()(int val) { cout << val << " "; } }; void test01() { vector v; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v.push_back(i); } for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), print01); cout << endl; for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), print02()); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.1.2 transform
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include #include #include //常用遍历算法 transform class Transform { public: int operator()(int v) { return v; } }; class MyPrint { public: void operator()(int val) { cout << val << " "; } }; void test01() { vector v; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v.push_back(i); } vector vTagrget;//目标容器 vTagrget.resize(v.size());//目标容器 需要提前开辟空间 transform(v.begin(), v.end(), vTagrget.begin(), Transform()); for_each(vTagrget.begin(), vTagrget.end(), MyPrint()); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.2 常用查找算法 4.2.1 find
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用查找算法 //find //查找 内置数据类型 void test01() { vector v; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v.push_back(i); } //查找 容器中 是否有 5 这个元素 vector ::iterator it = find(v.begin(), v.end(), 5); if (it == v.end()) { cout << "没有找到!" << endl; } else { cout << "找到:" << *it << endl; } } class Person { public: Person(string name, int age) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Age = age; } //重载 == 底层find知道如何对比person数据类型 bool operator==(const Person& p) { if (this->m_Name == p.m_Name && this->m_Age == p.m_Age) { return true; } else { return false; } } string m_Name; int m_Age; }; //查找 自定义数据类型 void test02() { vector v; //创建数据 Person p1("aaa", 10); Person p2("bbb", 20); Person p3("ccc", 30); Person p4("ddd", 40); //放入到容器中 v.push_back(p1); v.push_back(p2); v.push_back(p3); v.push_back(p4); Person pp("bbb", 20); vector ::iterator it = find(v.begin(), v.end(), pp); if (it == v.end()) { cout << "没有找到" << endl; } else { cout << "找到元素 姓名:" << it->m_Name << " 年龄:" << it->m_Age << endl; } } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; } 4.2.2 find_if
#include4.2.2 adjacent_findusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用查找算法 find_if //1、查找内置数据类型 class GreaterFive { public: bool operator()(int val) { return val > 5; } }; void test01() { vector v; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v.push_back(i); } vector ::iterator it= find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive()); if (it == v.end()) { cout << "没有找到" << endl; } else { cout << "找到大于5的数字为:" << *it << endl; } } //2、查找自定义数据类型 class Person { public: Person(string name,int age) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Age = age; } string m_Name; int m_Age; }; class Greater20 { public: bool operator()(Person& p) { return p.m_Age > 20; } }; void test02() { vector v; //创建数据 Person p1("aaa", 10); Person p2("bbb", 20); Person p3("ccc", 30); Person p4("ddd", 40); v.push_back(p1); v.push_back(p2); v.push_back(p3); v.push_back(p4); //找年龄大于20的人 vector ::iterator it= find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater20()); if (it == v.end()) { cout << "没有找到" << endl; } else { cout << "找到姓名:" << it->m_Name << "年龄" << it->m_Age << endl; } } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用查找算法 adjacent_find void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(0); v.push_back(2); v.push_back(0); v.push_back(3); v.push_back(1); v.push_back(4); v.push_back(3); v.push_back(3); vector ::iterator pos= adjacent_find(v.begin(), v.end()); if (pos == v.end()) { cout << "未找到相邻重复元素" << endl; } else { cout << "找到相邻重复元素:" << *pos << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.2.4 binary_search
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用查找算法 binary_search void test01() { vector v; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v.push_back(i); } //查找容器中是否有9元素 //注意:容器必须是有序的序列 bool ret= binary_search(v.begin(), v.end(), 9); if (ret) { cout << "找到了元素" << endl; } else { cout << "未找到" << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.2.5 count
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用查找算法 count //1、统计内置数据类型 void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(10); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(40); int num = count(v.begin(), v.end(), 40); cout << "40的元素个数为:" << num << endl; } //2、统计自定义数据类型 class Person { public: Person(string name, int age) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Age = age; } bool operator==(const Person& p) { if (this->m_Age == p.m_Age) { return true; } else { return false; } } string m_Name; int m_Age; }; void test02() { vector v; Person p1("刘备", 35); Person p2("关羽", 35); Person p3("张飞", 35); Person p4("赵云", 30); Person p5("曹操", 40); //将人员插入到容器中 v.push_back(p1); v.push_back(p2); v.push_back(p3); v.push_back(p4); v.push_back(p5); Person p("诸葛亮", 35); int num=count(v.begin(), v.end(), p); cout << "和诸葛亮同岁数的人员个数为:" << num << endl; } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; } 4.2.6 count_if
#include4.3 常用排序算法 4.3.1 sortusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用查找算法 count_if //1、统计内置数据类型 class Greater20 { public: bool operator()(int val) { return val > 20; } }; void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(10); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(40); int num = count_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater20()); cout << "大于20的元素个数为:" << num << endl; } //2、统计自定义数据类型 class Person { public: Person(string name, int age) { this->m_Name = name; this->m_Age = age; } string m_Name; int m_Age; }; class AgeGreater20 { public: bool operator()(const Person& p) { return p.m_Age > 20; } }; void test02() { vector v; Person p1("刘备", 35); Person p2("关羽", 35); Person p3("张飞", 35); Person p4("赵云", 30); Person p5("曹操", 40); //将人员插入到容器中 v.push_back(p1); v.push_back(p2); v.push_back(p3); v.push_back(p4); v.push_back(p5); Person p("诸葛亮", 35); int num=count_if(v.begin(), v.end(), AgeGreater20()); cout << "和诸葛亮同岁数的人员个数为:" << num << endl; } int main() { test01(); test02(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用排序算法 sort void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(10); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(30);; v.push_back(20); v.push_back(50); //利用sort进行升序 sort(v.begin(), v.end()); for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; //改变为降序 sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater ()); for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.3.2 random_shuffle
#include4.3.3 mergeusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用排序算法 random_shuffle void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } void test01() { srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); vector v; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v.push_back(i); } //利用洗牌 算法 打乱顺序 random_shuffle(v.begin(), v.end()); for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include #include void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } //常用排序算法 merge void test01() { vector v1; vector v2; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i); v2.push_back(i + 1); } //目标容器 vector vTarget; //提前给目标容器分配空间 vTarget.resize(v1.size() + v2.size()); merge(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), vTarget.begin()); for_each(vTarget.begin(), vTarget.end(), myPrint); } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.3.4 reverse
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(10); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(50); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(40); cout << "反转前:" << endl; for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; cout << "反转后:" << endl; reverse(v.begin(), v.end()); for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.4 常用拷贝和替换算法 4.4.1 copy
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include //常用拷贝和替换算法 copy void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } void test01() { vector v1; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i); } vector v2; v2.resize(v1.size()); copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin()); for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.4.2 replace
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include //常用拷贝和替换算法 replace class myPrint { public: void operator()(int val) { cout << val << " "; } }; void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(20); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(50); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(10); v.push_back(20); cout << "替换前:" << endl; for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint()); cout << endl; //将20替换 2000 replace(v.begin(), v.end(), 20, 2000); cout << "替换后:" << endl; for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint()); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.4.3 replace_if
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include //常用拷贝和替换算法 replace_if class MyPrint { public: void operator()(int val) { cout << val << " "; } }; class Greater30 { public: bool operator()(int val) { return val >= 30; } }; void test01() { vector v; v.push_back(10); v.push_back(40); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(30); v.push_back(50); v.push_back(20); v.push_back(30); cout << "替换前:" << endl; for_each(v.begin(), v.end(),MyPrint()); //将大于等于30 替换为3000 replace_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater30(), 3000); cout << "替换后:" << endl; for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), MyPrint()); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.4.4 swap
#include4.5 常用算术生成算法 4.5.1 accumulateusing namespace std; #include #include //常用拷贝和替换算法 swap void myPrint(int val) { cout << val<<" "; } void test01() { vector v1; vector v2; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i); v2.push_back(i + 100); } cout << "交换前:" << endl; for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), myPrint); for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; cout << "----------------------" << endl; swap(v1, v2); cout << "交换前:" << endl; for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), myPrint); for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #include4.5.2 fillusing namespace std; #include #include //常用算术生成算法 void test01() { vector v; for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) { v.push_back(i); } //参数3 起始累加值 int total=accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), 0); cout << "total=" << total << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #include4.6 常用集合算法 4.6.1 set_intersectionusing namespace std; #include #include #include //常用算术生成算法 fill void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } void test01() { vector v; v.resize(10); //后期重新填充 fill(v.begin(), v.end(), 100); for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } #includeusing namespace std; #include #include //常用集合算法 set_intersection void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } void test01() { vector v1; vector v2; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i);//0~9 v2.push_back(i + 5);//5~14 } vector vTarget; //目标容器需要提前开辟空间 //最特殊情况 大容器包含小容器 开辟空间 取小容器的size即可 vTarget.resize(min(v1.size(), v2.size())); //获取交集 vector :: iterator itEnd= set_intersection(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), vTarget.begin()); for_each(vTarget.begin(), itEnd, myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.6.2 set_union
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include //常用集合算法 set_union void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } void test01() { vector v1; vector v2; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i);//0~9 v2.push_back(i + 5);//5~14 } vector vTarget; //目标容器提前开辟空间 //最特殊的情况 俩个容器没有交集,并集就是俩个容器size相加 vTarget.resize(v1.size() + v2.size()); vector ::iterator itEnd= set_union(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), vTarget.begin()); for_each(vTarget.begin(), itEnd, myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; } 4.6.3 set_difference
#includeusing namespace std; #include #include //常用集合算法 set_difference void myPrint(int val) { cout << val << " "; } void test01() { vector v1; vector v2; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { v1.push_back(i);//0~9 v2.push_back(i + 5);//5~14 } vector vTarget; //目标容器提前开辟空间 //最特殊的情况 俩个容器没有交集,取两个容器中大的size作为目标容器开辟空间 vTarget.resize(max(v1.size() ,v2.size())); cout << "v1和v2的差集为:" << endl; vector ::iterator itEnd= set_difference(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), vTarget.begin()); for_each(vTarget.begin(), itEnd, myPrint); cout << endl; cout << "v2和v1的差集为:" << endl; itEnd = set_difference(v2.begin(), v2.end(), v1.begin(), v1.end(), vTarget.begin()); for_each(vTarget.begin(), itEnd, myPrint); cout << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }



